Tag: cyber crime

  • “In essence, success is about creating value, making a positive impact, and finding joy in the journey. It’s an ongoing, evolving goal rather than a single milestone.” – Dr. Abhimanyu Singh, Founder and Managing Partner at Manulegal & Associates.

    “In essence, success is about creating value, making a positive impact, and finding joy in the journey. It’s an ongoing, evolving goal rather than a single milestone.” – Dr. Abhimanyu Singh, Founder and Managing Partner at Manulegal & Associates.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    Can you tell us about your academic journey, starting from your undergraduate studies at National Law University, Patiala, to completing your Ph.D. at the University of Rajasthan? What motivated you to specialise in criminal law and criminology?

    Well, I hail from Bharatpur, Rajasthan which is a very small town; got my initial education there till 12th Standard and thereafter my academic journey in Law began with my under graduation at National Law University, Patiala, where I pursued a Bachelor in Law with a specialization in criminal law. My years at NLU Patiala were full of new and inspirational formatives, providing me with a solid foundation in various aspects of law and life including improving and working on my articulation skills. This period marked my initial exposure to the multifaceted nature of how the world is revolving around law  and deepened my interest in understanding the mechanics of the criminal justice system.

    Upon completing my postgraduate studies, I sought further specialization through a Ph.D. program at the University of Rajasthan. The decision to focus on criminal law and criminology stemmed from a combination of personal motivation and academic curiosity. Growing up in an environment where societal issues, particularly crime, were frequently discussed, I developed an early interest in the root causes of criminal behavior and the societal mechanisms to address it. Criminal law and criminology offer insight not only into punitive measures but also into preventive aspects, which I find particularly compelling. My Ph.D. thesis, focusing on “Crimes Against Juveniles in India,” allowed me to delve deeper into specific issues affecting vulnerable populations, contributing to both academic discourse and practical solutions in the field.

    You worked as a Junior Associate with an IP Law Firm before establishing your own practice. What motivated this transition and what were the initial challenges you faced while starting your firm?

    I guess all experiences matter, be it me working as a Junior Associate in an IP law firm or any other, provided me with invaluable experience in routing all my legal impressions towards what laws says and its implementation. Talking specifically about the IP Law Firm I honed my skills in client management, legal drafting, and courtroom proceedings, which prepared me for the multidimensional demands of independent practice. However, I soon felt the urge to branch out on my own, driven by a desire to apply my legal skills across a broader spectrum of law and cater to a more diverse clientele.

    The transition to establishing my own practice was both exciting and challenging. Initially, I faced difficulties in building a client base, as the legal industry is highly competitive, and establishing credibility as a new firm takes time. Managing administrative tasks, securing office space, and setting up operational systems were other hurdles. Yet, these challenges were instrumental in shaping my resilience and business acumen. Overcoming these obstacles strengthened my commitment to my clients and fortified my understanding of what it takes to thrive in independent legal practice.

    As a Managing Partner at ManuLegal & Associates, you deal with complex legal matters in domains like corporate law, taxation, ADR, IPR, and criminal law. Could you share a memorable case or challenge you’ve encountered in your legal practice?

    One of the most memorable cases I encountered at ManuLegal & Associates involved a complex corporate dispute intertwined with criminal allegations. This particular case required a nuanced approach, as it involved corporate stakeholders and accusations of embezzlement. We needed to navigate both corporate law and criminal proceedings simultaneously, balancing civil legal remedies with criminal defenses.

    The case taught me a great deal about the intricacies of handling multi-dimensional legal matters, particularly the importance of collaboration across legal domains. Our team’s efforts ultimately helped secure a favorable outcome for our client, while reinforcing my commitment to a holistic approach in managing cases. This case underscored the value of multidisciplinary legal expertise and reminded me of the profound impact that comprehensive legal strategies can have on a client’s life and livelihood.

    Your career spans across both legal practice and academia. How do you balance the practical demands of running a law firm with your academic pursuits and publications?

    Balancing the responsibilities of running a law firm with academic pursuits is challenging but rewarding. I have always been passionate about contributing to academic literature, as it enables me to share my insights and learnings with future legal practitioners. I believe the more knowledge we share the more knowable we become. My approach to balancing these roles involves structured time management and a commitment to prioritizing both facets of my career.

    I often schedule my academic commitments, such as lectures and research, around my practice’s caseload. Engaging in academia also keeps me updated with evolving legal theories and practices, which, in turn, benefits my clients. This dual commitment has enhanced my professional versatility and enriched my contributions to both the academic and legal communities.

    Your Ph.D. dissertation focused on ‘Crimes Against Juveniles in India’ with a special reference to Rajasthan. Could you elaborate on the key findings of your research and how it contributes to the understanding of juvenile crimes in India?

    My Ph.D. dissertation, “Crimes Against Juveniles in India,” focused on understanding the patterns, causes, and implications of juvenile crimes, with a particular emphasis on Rajasthan. One of the key findings of my research was the alarming prevalence of crimes perpetrated against juveniles, highlighting the need for targeted reforms in juvenile protection laws. I discovered that socio-economic factors, educational disparities, and lack of awareness contribute significantly to the vulnerability of juveniles.

    My research also underscored the need for a stronger legal framework that specifically addresses juvenile protection, beyond the general provisions of the Juvenile Justice Act. The study’s findings advocate for improvements in preventive measures, awareness programs, and the establishment of rehabilitative support systems. By contributing to the understanding of juvenile crimes in India, I hope my research will aid policymakers and legal practitioners in implementing more effective protection mechanisms for vulnerable young individuals.

    As a lawyer specialising in both criminal and corporate law, how do you see the intersection of these fields, particularly in areas like corporate crime, data protection, and intellectual property rights?

    As a lawyer with a specialization in both criminal and corporate law, I often encounter cases where these fields intersect, especially in areas such as corporate crime, data protection, and intellectual property rights. Corporate crime has become a pressing issue, as global businesses face increasing scrutiny over issues such as fraud, insider trading, and data breaches. These cases not only involve criminal liability but also impact corporate reputation and operational integrity.

    Data protection is another area where criminal and corporate law intersect. With the rise of digital platforms, protecting sensitive data has become paramount, and legal frameworks must address both corporate responsibilities and criminal liabilities associated with data breaches. Intellectual property rights also face challenges from digital piracy and infringement, which have criminal implications. My expertise in these fields allows me to offer clients comprehensive guidance that addresses both regulatory compliance and criminal accountability, ensuring they are well-prepared to navigate today’s complex legal landscape.

    You’ve worked with a variety of organisations and governmental bodies. What changes or improvements would you recommend for enhancing the legal and institutional support for child protection laws in India?

    Working with various organizations and governmental bodies has given me insights into the strengths and gaps in India’s child protection laws. To enhance legal and institutional support for child protection, I recommend several key improvements. First, there should be greater emphasis on preventive measures, such as community-based awareness programs, to educate families and children about their rights.

    Second, the judicial process for child protection cases should be expedited to minimize the trauma and uncertainty faced by young victims. Establishing special courts with trained professionals dedicated to child protection cases could ensure faster and more sensitive handling of these matters. Finally, I believe that better coordination among governmental agencies, law enforcement, and non-governmental organizations is crucial for effective child protection. With these improvements, India’s child protection framework can become more resilient and responsive to the needs of vulnerable children.

    As someone who has worked both as an educator and as a practitioner, what is one piece of advice you would give to those entering the legal field in India today?

    For those entering the legal field in India, my advice is to embrace the learning process and maintain resilience. The legal profession is challenging and demands a lifelong commitment to learning, as the law is ever-evolving. New lawyers should focus on developing a strong foundation in legal principles and gaining practical experience through internships or clerkships.

    Additionally, I encourage aspiring lawyers to be adaptable, as the legal field often requires one to navigate diverse areas of law and adjust to changing regulatory environments. It is also important to cultivate professional integrity and uphold ethical standards, as these qualities form the bedrock of a reputable legal career. By embracing these values and committing to continuous growth, new lawyers can make meaningful contributions to the legal field and their communities.

    You have handled intricate legal matters across areas such as corporate law, taxation, ADR, IPR, and criminal law. What does success look like to you now?

    To me, success has evolved far beyond conventional measures like profit or growth. Success now means creating a lasting impact and making a difference in people’s lives and in my industry that continues to resonate, even when I’m not directly involved.

    Today, I define success as building a business that’s sustainable, resilient, and purpose-driven. It’s about more than just reaching short-term goals; it’s about creating a legacy, something meaningful that reflects my values and contributes positively to society. 

    I’ve learned that if my work is not aligned with my personal values or if it detracts from my well-being, it doesn’t feel like real success. I aim to build a business that not only thrives but allows me and my team to thrive alongside it.

    In essence, success is about creating value, making a positive impact, and finding joy in the journey. It’s an ongoing, evolving goal rather than a single milestone, and it motivates me to keep learning, adapting, and growing every day.

    Based on your extensive experience, what advice would you offer to aspiring entrepreneurs?

    Embrace learning and adaptability as your greatest assets. In business, nothing will go exactly as planned. Markets shift, trends evolve, and obstacles arise when you least expect them. So, rather than striving for perfection, focus on building resilience and agility.

    One of the most important lessons I’ve learned is that failure is a stepping stone, not an endpoint. You’ll make mistakes, and you’ll face setbacks—probably more than once. But each mistake brings a new insight, and each setback is a chance to grow stronger and smarter. Don’t let fear of failure hold you back; lean into the challenges, and let them teach you.

    Build a strong support network too. Surround yourself with people who challenge and inspire you—mentors, advisors, or even fellow entrepreneurs who understand the journey. No one builds success alone, and the perspectives of others can help you see things you might miss or encourage you when things feel tough.

    Finally, remember to stay true to your values and your “why.” Having a clear purpose will ground you in moments of uncertainty and remind you why you started in the first place. Passion is a powerful motivator, but a meaningful purpose is what keeps you going over the long haul.

    Get in touch with Dr. Abhimanyu Singh-

  • “Even though fintechs are growing rapidly, it is becoming progressively harder and cumbersome for them to match pace with the regulations and compliances for their existing or new products”- Aman Yadav, Legal counsel, OLX Group

    “Even though fintechs are growing rapidly, it is becoming progressively harder and cumbersome for them to match pace with the regulations and compliances for their existing or new products”- Aman Yadav, Legal counsel, OLX Group

    This Interview has been published by Pragya Chandni and The SuperLawyer Team

    Can you share your education journey into the legal field, particularly what motivated you to pursue law after completing your B.A. in Business Economics? 

    During my bachelors I decided to pursue masters in economics or psychology but when I saw the career trajectories of Delhi University law graduates I realized that a Delhi University law degree has tremendous potential and is quite cost-effective. I graduated from the Faculty of Law, Delhi University in 2009 and joined the firm where I interned as an associate. 

    Your profile showcases a diverse range of experiences, from working as a Partner in a law firm to holding leadership roles in major corporations. How did these experiences shape your approach to legal practice? 

    I spent my first 10 years in the general corporate practice of a boutique law firm where I worked on several aspects of law ranging from general corporate to litigation and arbitration, and this varied exposure trained me for a larger role. When I got the 10-year itch I decided to move in-house to experience the business side of law. My first in-house role was eye opening because I had to quickly learn how to juggle a higher work volume but with lesser intensity unlike my law firm days where it was about specific assignments but high quality delivery. My rigorous law firm background helped me extensively in increasing the quality of in-house legal work and deliveries. In-house legal practice is vastly different from law firm practice primarily because almost all legal advice and decision matrix has to be delivered to the internal stakeholders in a simplified version for enabling business decisions but without removing the legal essence. 

    Could you elaborate on your work with the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C, MHA) ? How did this experience influence your perspective on cybersecurity and online fraud prevention? 

    Cyber frauds between users were quite high in one of our online business verticals and we collaborated with I4C (MHA) in building an online fraud prevention model for intermediaries like us and others. My major learning from this experience was how introducing customer education, multi-check KYC mechanism (during account creation especially) and dynamic algorithmic filters can drastically increase cybersecurity and reduce online frauds to supplement the in-house legal team’s efforts. 

    You’ve been involved in various aspects of fintech. How do fintechs navigate the regulatory complexities while ensuring innovation and growth ?

    Even though fintechs are growing rapidly, it is becoming progressively harder and cumbersome for them to match pace with the regulations and compliances for their existing or new products. Our government is very frequently issuing guidelines, notifications, circulars, and laws which make it difficult for fintechs to quickly design, grow, or tweak products and synchronize with the government’s objectives. I feel that in the near future compliance and regulatory aspects for fintechs will stabilize and the Indian government will have completed building a large part of its fintech regulatory ecosystem. Until then fintechs have to operate on a risk-compliance model to build the most compliant platforms and products which minimize customer, business, and public risk. 

    You’ve filed a DRHP in December 2023 with SEBI for Awfis Space. What are some of the key preparatory points pre-DRHP filing ? 

    Company secretarial documentation and information, promoter identification, consents, litigation disclosures and risk factors form the backbone of a DRHP filing, especially in a company where several investment rounds have occurred and there are pending regulatory litigations. At least 7–8 months prior to DRHP filing it is advisable to be audit ready, collate and complete all secretarial documentation and information, resolve or settle larger vendor payments, litigations, arbitration, and disputes, and avoid new business complexities which can have adverse regulatory or legal impact. 

    You were part of Prosus’ Olx India business sale to Cartrade Tech in August 2023 for USD 65 million. What was a unique aspect of the transaction which you had not anticipated ? 

    It was a really interesting transaction because we first had to merge the classifieds business with the autos business and then sell the combined entity to Cartrade Tech. I had not anticipated the employee related complexities we would face in moving about 400 employees from one Olx business entity to the other. It was a legal and human resources issue where we had to interact and take written consents from all such employees which extended our closing timelines a bit. 

    How is AI changing in-house legal teams in routine legal work ? Any advice for new lawyers on maximizing AI use benefits ? 

    In routine legal work, the positives I see are faster research work and basic drafting. It is easy to generate basic templates for notices, representations, and low-value agreements. The negatives are that new lawyers are not reading articles, books, and case laws and heavily rely and trust AI generated results. Till AI advances to near perfect levels and becomes a default use case, a new lawyer should be able to draft simple documents by writing or typing to hone their legal skills and become comfortable with legalese.

    With your background in public policy, including your involvement in amending the Motor Vehicles Act in April 2023, what advice would you give to fresh law graduates aspiring to make an impact in shaping legislation and regulatory frameworks? 

    If public policy work interests a lawyer then it makes sense to practice for a few years especially in litigation to become comfortable with interpreting legislations and developing legal arguments and then work in the public policy department of a company or non-profit, or join a think tank. A masters degree in social sciences or public policy will add tremendous value and can unlock several opportunities.

    Get in touch with Aman Yadav-

  • “From Mumbai Courts to High-Profile Cases: A Chronicle of Legal Excellence and Advocacy Leadership,” Also known for his unwavering commitment to justice, innovative approach, and diverse expertise – Advocate Hitesh Ramchandani

    “From Mumbai Courts to High-Profile Cases: A Chronicle of Legal Excellence and Advocacy Leadership,” Also known for his unwavering commitment to justice, innovative approach, and diverse expertise – Advocate Hitesh Ramchandani

    This interview has been published by  Priyanka Karwa and The SuperLawyer Team

    Hitesh your legal journey has taken you to various courts and forums, representing clients at a national level. If you were to encapsulate your advocacy career in a tweet length summary what would it say?

    Being a Second generation lawyer, I persuaded my family that I want to be a lawyer and make a good career in law. To be very frank, I must say the journey in this legal profession has been a roller coaster ride for me. Let’s dive back in time to know more about why and how I chose the legal profession as a career. In the year 2005, I did my schooling from St. Pius X High School.  I was least interested in accounts so it was easy for me to make up my mind about not pursuing CA/CS Course for sure. I always had dreamed to pursue Law from top law Schools either from KC Law College or Government Law College in Mumbai. With Parents Blessings, in the year 2010 I pursued my Law from KC Law College, Churchgate Mumbai and I graduated law in the year 2013. In the Year 2013, I was enrolled as an Advocate with the Bar Council of Maharashtra & Goa.

    I have dedicated my career to defending the rights of individuals and organizations across India’s diverse legal landscape. My unwavering commitment to justice has earned me a reputation as a formidable force in the courtroom.

    My Expertise spans a broad spectrum of legal domains, including corporate law, Criminal law, Family Law, Consumer law, Labour Law and constitutional law.

    A staunch proponent of the rule of law, I am renowned for my meticulous preparation, persuasive arguments, and unwavering dedication to my clients’ best interests. 

    Beyond the courtroom, I am actively engaged in shaping the legal landscape through my contributions to legal education and professional development initiatives. I am always a speaker and mentor, inspiring aspiring lawyers to uphold the highest standards of legal practice.

    My legal journey is an embodiment of unwavering commitment to justice and a deep-seated belief in the power of law to transform lives. I stand as a beacon of hope for those seeking legal recourse, demonstrating the transformative impact of a dedicated legal professional.

    Your practice covers a diverse range of legal areas. From Family courts to National company Law Tribunal. Is there a specific type of case or legal matter that you find particularly intriguing or challenging ? Could you share an experience that stood out in your career?

    One intriguing type of case in family court involves navigating complex child custody disputes in the context of international relocation. These cases often arise when one parent wishes to move abroad with the child, potentially impacting the other parent’s access and involvement in the child’s life. They entail multifaceted considerations, including the child’s best interests, maintaining relationships with both parents, cultural adjustments, and legal complexities across different jurisdictions. The intricacies of international law, cultural factors, and the emotional dynamics involved make these cases both challenging and fascinating from a legal standpoint. Finding a resolution that prioritizes the child’s welfare while addressing the rights of both parents within an international context requires a delicate balance and often involves creative legal arguments and mediation strategies.

    As someone who has conducted lectures and served as a judge in Moot court Competitions, what’s one legal misconception you’ve encountered that you find yourself debunking frequently.

    One legal misconception that often requires debunking is the belief that the law operates in absolute black-and-white terms. The reality is that the law is often nuanced and context-dependent, shaped by various factors including precedents, legislative intent, and evolving societal norms. Encountering the misconception that legal matters always have a clear-cut right or wrong solution is common. In educating aspiring legal minds, I emphasize the importance of understanding the complexities within the law, acknowledging that interpretations can vary, and advocating for the exploration of multiple perspectives to arrive at a well-reasoned and just conclusion.

    As the President of the Maharashtra Mediation Cell at IEFCI (International Economic Forum for Commerce and Industry), you’re involved in Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). What drew you to this field and how do you approach mediating disputes to achieve amicable settlements

    I am drawn to the field of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) because I believe it is a more efficient and effective way to resolve disputes than traditional litigation. ADR processes are typically less adversarial and more collaborative than litigation, which can help to preserve relationships between the parties involved. Additionally, ADR processes are often more cost-effective than litigation.

    When mediating disputes, I use a facilitative approach. This means that I help the parties to identify the issues in their dispute and to develop their own solutions. I do not impose my own solutions on the parties, but rather I help them to reach a mutually agreeable resolution.

    ADR’s appeal lies in its capacity to facilitate constructive dialogue and foster mutually beneficial resolutions outside the courtroom. My interest in this field stems from a belief in the power of mediation to empower parties in dispute by providing them with a voice in the resolution process. I approach mediation by prioritizing active listening, fostering empathy, and encouraging open communication. By creating a conducive environment for dialogue, I aim to identify common ground, encourage collaborative problem-solving, and guide parties toward crafting their own, mutually acceptable solutions, ultimately aiming for amicable settlements that address the interests of all involved.

    Handling cases involving Bollywood celebrities and public interest litigations against regulatory authorities is quite unique , Can you share a bit about experience of handling high profile cases and how do you navigate the intricacies that come with such cases?

    Handling such cases demands a unique approach due to media scrutiny, public interest, and often, heightened emotions involved. Maintaining confidentiality while managing public perception is key. Detailed preparation, strategic communication, and a focus on legal nuances are crucial. Building strong client relationships and ensuring clear expectations help manage the complexities. Navigating these cases requires a delicate balance between legal expertise, public relations, and a thorough understanding of the industry’s dynamics.

    Outside the legal realm, what hobby or activity that brings you joy and relaxation serving as a counterbalance to the intensity of legal proceedings?

    Outside the legal realm, one activity that brings me immense joy and serves as a perfect counterbalance to the intensity of legal proceedings is photography. Capturing moments through a lens allows me to immerse myself in the beauty of the world, offering a serene escape from the intricacies of the legal sphere. The creative aspect of composing shots and exploring different perspectives brings a sense of calm and rejuvenation, offering a much-needed balance to the demanding nature of legal work. 

    Your commitment to providing the best legal representation to your clients is evident Outside the courtroom, what’s one piece of advice you find yourself frequently giving to individuals facing legal challenges whether they are corporations or private parties.

    One recurring piece of advice I often offer to individuals, whether they’re part of a corporation or private parties, when facing legal challenges is to prioritize communication and documentation. Clear and open communication between all involved parties is crucial in navigating legal matters effectively. Documenting every interaction, agreement, or important detail ensures a comprehensive record that can be pivotal in resolving disputes or presenting a strong case in court if needed. Whether it’s emails, meeting minutes, or formal agreements, maintaining a detailed record significantly strengthens your position and can serve as a valuable asset in achieving favourable outcomes. In Legal matters, patience is a must. Legal matters can take time to resolve. Be Patient with your Advocate / Counsel and trust that they are working in your best Interest. The Parties should also consider the Alternative Dispute Resolution process to resolve legal disputes without going to Court. This can be a more cost effective and efficient way to resolve your legal issues. The parties should not panic in any situation, it is normal to feel stressed and overwhelmed when you are facing legal challenges. However it is important to stay calm and rational. I always advise everyone that if you think the legal issue is simple, it is always best to consult with an Advocate. An Advocate can help you avoid making mistakes that could jeopardize your case.  

    As a seasonal advocate how do you see the current generation of legal professionals contributing to the evolution of traditional legal practices? What advice would you give to young advocates navigating the modern legal landscape? 

    The current generation of legal professionals is actively reshaping traditional legal practice through technological integration, diversified skill sets, and a dynamic approach to client representation. Embracing advancements in legal tech, they’re leveraging AI-powered research tools, online platforms for case management, and virtual courtrooms to streamline processes and enhance efficiency. Moreover, this generation is recognizing the importance of interdisciplinary knowledge, incorporating business acumen, technology expertise, and communication skills into their legal repertoire. To young advocates navigating this modern landscape, I advise embracing technological advancements while maintaining a strong foundation in legal principles. Continuously upskill by learning about emerging technologies and their applications in law. Cultivate a diverse skill set, including negotiation, critical thinking, and adaptability. Building a strong network within and outside the legal sphere can also be pivotal for career growth and opportunities in this evolving legal landscape. One more thing, everything progresses at its own pace, so never feel frustrated/agitated if something is not happening at your whims/desires time and destiny will certainly make it happen for you if you are honest and keen about it.

    Get in touch with Adv. Hitesh Ramchandani –

  • As technology continues to evolve, it’s crucial for legal professionals to stay  updated on the latest legal advancements and their implications on the law-Akshay Bhambri,Founder at AK Bhambri and Associates

    As technology continues to evolve, it’s crucial for legal professionals to stay updated on the latest legal advancements and their implications on the law-Akshay Bhambri,Founder at AK Bhambri and Associates

    This interview has been published by  Priyanka Karwa and The SuperLawyer Team

    Can you share with us what initially inspired you to pursue a career in  law? What led you to specialize in areas like Cyber Crimes, IT & Cyber  Security, Arbitration, Customs, and Criminal & Matrimonial Litigation? 

    As a practicing cybersecurity advocate, a career in law was never planned nor I  ever dreamed of it. “I prominently believe everything happens to be  destiny. Whatever happens, happens for a reason!” My journey sounds too  cinematic. Growing up, I was fascinated by technology and electronics, which  led me to pursue a degree in Computer Science. However, my father had different  plans for me, and he enrolled me in a Political Science program against my  wishes. At first, I was resistant to the change, but I eventually found myself  becoming increasingly interested in the subject matter. The coursework provided  me with a deep understanding of society, politics, and the justice system, which  sparked my curiosity and drive to learn more. Then came a pivotal moment in my  journey. My friends encouraged me to take the LLB entrance exam during my  penultimate year, and against all odds, I secured a seat while they did not. Little  did I know that this decision would shape my destiny as a legal professional. Today, I stand here with qualifications in LLB, LLM, Cyber Law, Intellectual  Property Rights, Arbitration, and International Law and Diplomacy. My deep rooted passion for technology and computer knowledge led me to specialize in  Cyber Security and Gaming Laws. With only a handful of professionals in the  field, I saw an opportunity to fill a gap and make a real difference. Additionally,  my extensive experience in customs litigation has become another area of  expertise for me. 

    Looking back, I realize that life doesn’t always turn out as we plan it. Sometimes,  unexpected opportunities arise, and it’s up to us to seize them. My journey may  have started unconventionally, but it’s taught me to embrace the unknown and  trust in fate. Today, I proudly serve as a cybersecurity advocate, helping  individuals and organizations navigate the complex digital landscape and protect  themselves from threats lurking in the shadows of the internet. 

    My story serves as a reminder to every first-generation lawyer, that sometimes  the most unlikely paths lead to the most fulfilling destinations. So, my message  to you is this: Embrace the unexpected twists and turns in your journey. Trust in  destiny’s plan and allow it to lead you to greatness. Who knows, you might just  discover your true calling in the most unexpected places.”

    With your diverse academic background and numerous certifications,  including being a Gold Medallist in Cyber Law, could you tell us how your  education has shaped your legal career and expertise in these fields? 

    As I mentioned earlier, my journey into law was not a premeditated plan but  rather a series of destiny’s intriguing twists and turns. I began my academic  voyage with a foundation in Computer Science, guided by my innate curiosity  and fascination with technology. While this might have seemed like an  unconventional start for a future lawyer, it laid a solid groundwork for what was  to come. This diverse subject knowledge has enabled me to better comprehend  the legal implications of cybercrime and the importance of robust cybersecurity  measures. 

    My passion for technology, combined with my computer knowledge, naturally  led me to specialize in Cyber Security and Gaming Laws. I recognized the  scarcity of Cyber Advocates in our country and thus realized how to make a profound impact on India’s digital Legal Cyberspace. My journey has been filled with  unexpected opportunities and challenges, each contributing to my growth as a  practicing Cyber Security Advocate. The Gold Medal in Cyber Law is a symbol  of dedication, hard work, and a commitment to excellence in a rapidly evolving  field. It is a testament to my dedication and commitment to excellence. It has  given me a unique edge in understanding the nuances of cyberlaw and its  applications in various jurisdictions. My certifications in Cybersecurity, Data  Protection, Artificial Intelligence, Crypto and Bitcoin industry have further  strengthened my ability to provide comprehensive legal solutions to clients. 

    As technology continues to evolve, it’s crucial for legal professionals to stay  updated on the latest legal advancements and their implications on the law. As a  practicing cybersecurity advocate, I remain dedicated to continuously updating  my knowledge and skills to provide the best possible service to my clients. 

    To those who aspire to follow a similar path, I would advise you to be open to  exploring diverse academic disciplines and certification programs. Embrace  lifelong learning and stay committed to developing your skills and knowledge.  With persistence, dedication, and the right guidance, you too can build a  successful career in cybersecurity law and make a positive impact on upcoming AI,  Metaverse and Cyber nauseas. 

    Your experience spans working with prominent law firms, senior  advocates, and even in-house internships. How have these experiences  influenced your perspective on the legal profession, and what valuable  lessons have you learned along the way?  

    Throughout my legal journey, I had the opportunity to collaborate with  prestigious law firms, senior advocates, and in-house legal teams. To be candid,  my interactions with senior advocates and law firms were not always positive. As  a legal associate, I came to understand the stark difference between employment  and exploitation. In many instances, I felt more exploited than employed. I  witnessed that some lawyers, often with privileged backgrounds, ventured into  legal practice without truly grasping the challenges faced by first-generation  lawyers like myself – the struggles, the emotional toll, and the pressures from our  families. Unfortunately, much of my early litigation work did not offer significant  financial support; instead, it exploited me both financially and mentally. 

    It became evident that many senior advocates did not provide fair compensation,  and I encountered lawyers who failed to even reimburse basic office expenses or  travel costs. Some would demotivate or discourage newcomers, insisting that  litigation is a brutal profession and advising us to switch careers. The toxic work  culture, demanding hours, late-night commitments, and instances of sexual  harassment involving female students and lawyers revealed some harsh realities  within the profession. 

    However, not all experiences were negative. I learned that, as junior lawyers, we  don’t expect much from our mentors – all we seek is respect, adherence to  professional ethics, and a valuable learning experience. Ironically, professional  ethics often seemed like a theoretical subject during law school but held  significant importance in litigation practice. Fortunately, there are professionals  who uphold these values and serve as exceptional mentors. Some treat you like  family, some as employees, and some younger advocates mentor you as a friend,  guiding you through the basics of the legal profession. No matter what they will  be at your back and will teach you nitties gritties of this profession. 

    All you need is a great mentor, unfortunately I haven’t found any during my  learning span but these experiences have underlined the critical role of  mentorship and the importance of learning from seasoned professionals. They’ve  taught me that the legal field is far more nuanced than it may appear at first  glance. As a practicing cybersecurity advocate, I will continue to uphold these  principles and inspire others to do the same.

    As the founder of AK Bhambri & Associates, what motivated you to  establish your own law firm? Could you tell us about the key focus areas and  goals of your firm? 

    The Motivation was driven by a desire for independence, creativity, and  autonomy. I always wanted to break free from the constraints of traditional law  firms and create a space where I could practice law & learn on my own terms.  This sense of freedom and litigation spirit is something that resonates deeply with  me in order to establish my own path in the litigation practise. The challenges I  faced in my early career served as a catalyst for this decision. 

    My firm’s primary focus areas reflect the lessons I’ve learned and the traditional  principles I hold on to. Our firm aims to provide legal services that prioritize  fairness, transparency, and ethical conduct. Our goals include advocating for  justice, particularly in areas where I’ve witnessed exploitation and challenges  faced by new entrants to the legal field like litigation interns and fresh law graduates. We strive to create a work environment that fosters mentorship,  learning, and professional growth, addressing the lack of support I experienced  during my journey. We aim to be a beacon of hope for young advocates, offering  them not just legal guidance but also a sense of belonging and support. 

    Our firm places a strong emphasis on adaptability, recognizing that the legal  landscape is ever-evolving, especially in areas like Cyber security and IT, A.I and  Metaverse. We aim to stay at the forefront of legal developments and provide  cutting-edge solutions to our clients. 

    Overall, AK Bhambri & Associates serves as a model for what can be achieved  through hard work, determination, and a willingness to take risks. It inspires me  to pursue my dreams and create my own success story in the legal profession stems from a deep-rooted commitment to justice, mentorship, and making a  positive impact in the legal profession, particularly for those who, like me, have  faced adversity along the way. 

    You’ve been actively involved in seminars, webinars, and authored  publications in the field of Cyber Law. Could you share some insights from  your experiences as a speaker and author in this domain? 

    I have had the privilege of sharing my insights and expertise with diverse  audiences through various platforms, including webinars, seminars, and guest  lectures at law schools. Drawing from my experiences as an established Cyber  advocate, having successfully hosted over 50 webinars, seminars, and guest 

    lectures in esteemed law schools, I’d like to share some valuable insights from  my journey as a speaker and author in the domain of Cyber Law, AI, Metaverse,  and Cybersecurity. 

    Through my extensive involvement as a speaker and author in the domain of  Cyber Law, I have had the privilege of sharing knowledge and engaging with  diverse audiences. It’s been immensely gratifying to witness the enthusiasm of  young minds eager to explore the intricate world of Cyber Law and related fields. 

    Engaging with students, legal professionals, and enthusiasts has emphasized the  need for ongoing education in areas like cyber security and AI, which are crucial  for addressing contemporary legal challenges. As a speaker and author, I’ve had  the opportunity to bridge the gap between Cyber law theory and Cyber security  insights, helping aspiring legal professionals comprehend the real-world  implications of the IT laws. Moreover, these experiences have reaffirmed my  belief in the power of education and knowledge sharing. Each seminar, webinar,  or lecture is an opportunity to inspire the next generation of legal experts and to  encourage critical thinking and innovative problem-solving. 

    In sum, my journey as a speaker and author in the realms of Cyber Law, AI,  Metaverse, and Cybersecurity has been a remarkable one, marked by the mutual  exchange of insights and a shared commitment to advancing the field of law in  an increasingly digital world. 

    You’re an Editorial Board Member of prestigious legal publications and  a member of various legal associations. How do you balance your legal  practice with your contributions to the legal community, and why is this  important to you? 

    I actively participate as an Editorial Board Member in prestigious legal  publications and hold memberships in various legal associations. Balancing my  legal practice with these commitments is a testament to my dedication to the legal  community and its continued growth. While my legal practice is vital to my career  and livelihood, I recognize that giving back to the community and sharing my  expertise with others is not only fulfilling but also beneficial to the advancement  of the legal profession. This equilibrium is crucial to me because it allows me to  bridge the gap between practical legal work and the broader legal discourse. My  contributions to legal publications and associations are an extension of my  commitment to staying at the forefront of legal developments, particularly in  Cyber Law and related fields. It enables me to share insights, best practices, and  expertise gained from my legal practice with a wider audience.

    By participating in discussions, publishing articles, and presenting at conferences,  I help raise awareness about critical issues and promote the evolution of legal  frameworks that address the rapidly changing landscape of cyberspace. Moreover, being part of legal associations and editorial boards fosters a sense of  community and collaboration. It connects me with like-minded professionals and  provides a platform for networking and the exchange of ideas. These interactions,  in turn, enrich my legal practice and keep me updated on emerging trends and  challenges in the legal landscape. 

    In essence, balancing my legal practice with contributions to the legal community  is a symbiotic relationship. It allows me to give back to the profession that has  provided me with a fulfilling career while also enhancing my own legal expertise  and professional network. Ultimately, striking a balance between my legal  practice and contributions to the community is not only important for my personal  satisfaction but also essential for the growth and success of the legal profession.  By dedicating myself to both aspects, I aim to create a positive impact that  extends beyond my immediate sphere of influence and contributes to the  betterment of society as a whole. 

    Your firm also runs a unique program called “Cyber Noses Project.”  Could you elaborate on the goals and impact of this initiative? 

    In my capacity as an established Cyber advocate, my firm spearheads a distinctive  initiative known as the “Cyber Noses Project.” This endeavour is driven by our  commitment to raising awareness about cybersecurity, I.T, AI and fostering a  proactive approach to digital safety. 

    The name “Cyber Noses” draws inspiration from a fusion of Greek mythology  and the cyber world. In Greek mythology, the story of Narcissus, a character  known for his obsession with his own reflection, serves as a cautionary tale about  self-absorption and vanity. The term “narcissism” is derived from Narcissus’  name. In the same context “Cyber Noses” the name takes on a unique and  symbolic meaning. It signifies the need for individuals to be vigilant and self 

    aware in the cyber world, much like Narcissus should have been aware of his own  reflection. It emphasizes the importance of looking beneath the surface of the  virtual world to protect oneself and others from cyber threats and dangers. 

    Our program focuses on creating a comprehensive curriculum that covers a wide  range of topics related to cybersecurity, data privacy, and digital citizenship. We  tailor our training sessions to meet the specific needs of each group, ensuring that 

    participants receive relevant and age-appropriate information. The primary  objective of this initiative is to impart practical knowledge and skills related to  cybersecurity to a diverse audience, including students in schools, participants in  NGOs, and aspiring legal professionals in law schools. Through hands-on  training sessions and workshops, we aim to equip individuals with the tools and  understanding necessary to navigate the digital landscape safely and responsibly. It seeks to simplify complex cybersecurity concepts and make them accessible to  all, regardless of their prior background or expertise. By providing practical  training, we empower individuals to protect themselves and their communities  from cyber threats, data breaches, and online vulnerabilities. 

    The impact of this initiative is far-reaching. It not only enhances digital literacy  but also contributes to building a safer and more secure digital environment.  Participants gain the confidence to navigate the online world effectively and  become advocates for cybersecurity within their respective spheres of influence. 

    Ultimately, the “Cyber Noses Project” embodies our dedication to giving back to  society by sharing knowledge and skills that have the potential to safeguard  individuals and organizations in an increasingly interconnected digital age. 

    Given your extensive experience in both litigation and arbitration, could  you explain the key differences and challenges between these two aspects of  legal practice? 

    Litigation and arbitration are two distinct forms of dispute resolution, each with  its unique set of rules, procedures, and strategies. Litigation refers to the process  of taking a dispute to court, where a judge will hear arguments and evidence from  both parties and render a binding decision. Arbitration, on the other hand,  involves submitting a dispute to a neutral third party, known as an arbitrator, who  will review the evidence and arguments presented by both sides and issue a non-binding award. 

    One of the main differences is the level of formality and structure involved in  each process. Litigation tends to be more formal and structured, with strict rules  of procedure and evidence that must be followed whereas arbitration is generally  considered to be a more flexible and informal process, with fewer rules and  procedures to follow. 

    Another significant difference is the role of the decision-maker. In litigation, the  judge plays a central role in deciding the outcome of the case, while in arbitration, 

    The arbitrator acts as a facilitator and mediator, helping the parties to reach a  mutually acceptable agreement. 

    From a practitioner’s perspective, one of the biggest challenges of litigation is  managing client expectations. Clients often have high hopes for a favourable outcome, and it can be difficult to manage their expectations when the judicial  system moves slowly or unpredictably. Additionally, litigation can be expensive  and time-consuming, which can put pressure on attorney fees and billing. 

    Arbitration, on the other hand, offers several advantages over litigation. It can be  faster and less expensive than going to court, and it allows parties to choose an  arbitrator with expertise in the subject matter of the dispute. However, one of the  most significant challenges of arbitration is the limited scope for appeal. Unlike  court decisions, arbitral awards are generally final and binding, leaving little room  for error or challenge. Both litigation and arbitration demand distinct skill sets.  Litigators must excel in courtroom advocacy, legal research, and the ability to  present a compelling case before a Magistrate. Arbitrators require expertise in  negotiation, procedural rules, and specialization of the subject matter. Overall,  both litigation and arbitration have their strengths and weaknesses, and choosing  the right approach depends on the specific circumstances of each case.  

    Finally, as a successful legal professional, what are the key principles or  strategies you would recommend to young lawyers embarking on their  professional journey in the legal field? 

    First and foremost, I would strongly advise aspiring lawyers to follow their  passion and interests when pursuing internships or career opportunities. One of  the biggest challenges is trying to stand out in a crowded field and secure a job in  a reputable law firm. Unfortunately, many law students seem to be focusing on  the wrong things, such as collecting certificates from internships rather than  developing practical skills and gaining real-world experience. Don’t just chase  internships for the sake of certificates. Certificates alone won’t set you apart; it’s  your skills and expertise that truly matter. 

    Secondly, avoid blindly following the crowd or pursuing internships simply for  the sake of numbers on your resume. The quantity of internships does not  necessarily correlate with the quality of your learning experience. Instead,  prioritize internships and experiences that genuinely contribute to your growth as  a legal professional.

    Third, young lawyers need to focus on building their practical skills, including  research, writing, and advocacy abilities. These are the skills that will ultimately  make them valuable assets to law firms and clients alike. 

    Lastly, networking is critical in the legal profession. Young lawyers should strive  to connect with experienced attorneys, judges, and other legal professionals, as  these connections can lead to valuable insights, mentorship, and even job  opportunities. Attending conferences, joining professional organizations, and  participating in online communities are all great ways to expand one’s network. 

    In conclusion, my advice to young lawyers is to be discerning in your choices,  focus on building your knowledge and skills, and don’t lose sight of your passion  and interests. Your dedication to genuine learning and growth will be the most  significant factor in your success in the legal field. 

    Get in touch with Akshay Bhambri-

  • By doing my profession I feel a sense of happiness and boost my ego because when you win a case to make a good argument you are highly appreciated by the judge the client and sometimes by the opposing counsel-Dr. Aparrajitha Ariyadasa, Senior Partner, ATD Legal Associates

    By doing my profession I feel a sense of happiness and boost my ego because when you win a case to make a good argument you are highly appreciated by the judge the client and sometimes by the opposing counsel-Dr. Aparrajitha Ariyadasa, Senior Partner, ATD Legal Associates

    This interview has been published by  Priyanka Karwa and The SuperLawyer Team

    Dr. Aparrajitha Ariyadasa, what was the motivating factor in your life that pushed you to pursue law?

    I have a family reason because my role model the father was an interdisciplinary person who was a lawyer as well as a lecturer. He inspired me to be an interdisciplinary personalty if I wanted to be socially and financially stable. I saw the luxuries of my father and from the childhood, I wanted to become a law scientist. Therefore after my Advanced Level, I joined the science faculty and simultaneously, I joined law college and became a lawyer and a science graduate at the same time. Now I enjoy all the luxuries what my father wanted me to have because of my profession.

    What aspect of your profession makes you beam with pride on a day-to-day basis?

    By doing my profession I feel a sense of happiness and boost my ego because when you win a case to make a good argument you are highly appreciated by the judge the client and sometimes by the opposing counsel. Due to that appreciation, you get a lot of motivation about the profession. As a woman specifically in a male dominated society when you become, he spotlight, it will generate you confident and sometimes over confident., appreciation, motivation, and productivity. On top of that, when you walk in a society, a lady lawyer is highly recognised socially and politically. Being a reputed lawyer will lead you to get social invitations of different societies, social events and gain lot of respect from the society as a credible and a n honourable person.

    You have touched on various areas of law in your practice, Intellectual Property, Immigration Law, Competition Law, Criminal Justice etc. Which area of practice is the most preferred by you?

    I adore Intellectual Property Law and cyber law due to the very reason that both of them are inter disciplinary law subjects which involves together with Science and IT which are my other specialized subjects in my other degrees.

     Can you tell us your experience of getting through your obstacles and setting up ATD legal Associates?

    I TOOK MY OATHS AS A LAWYER IB 2000 AND THEN I JOINED TWO MULTI NATIONAL COMPANIES AND a government organization. I ended up as a Director legal in 2008, due to the very reason my husband was pressurizing me to resign as my daughter needs to be taken to school. With this conventional attitude, I had to find my way making everyone happy. I WANTED TO BALANCE MY FAMILY and the work. I had a decent amount of capital with me and therefore, I did not want to waste my time as a housewife. No sooner had I resigned, I planned to start a law firm and rented an apartment and collected the equipment needed. I was lucky that I had only one apprentice and I took the first step to my firm. I could manage my work and the family because I was my own boss. I expanded the employees and my legal services as I had exposure to multinational companies. At last, during the covid, I could link my firm to a number of countries. My main obstacle was my conventional husband and his grumbling about a working wife who gets late home which I could manage due to my patience. Second obstacle was that the anti-feminist discourses in the country. Men did not want to retain a lady lawyer for their cases. To prevent that, I partnered a male attorney for marketing and networking, and I was in the operation. Once the first consultation was done, male clients were highly impressed and with the time, the anti-feminist attitude in males were eliminated. By now its been 21 years of my practice by now and I do not face any problem of discrimination.

    How important do you think, protecting data privacy and taking appropriate actions pertaining to cyber security are for start-up companies?

    Data privacy of startups safeguards information from loss through backup and recovery. Data security needs specifically to measures taken to protect the integrity of the data itself against manipulation and malware. It provides defence from internal and external threats. Data privacy refers to controlling access to the data in startups.

    How in your opinion have IPR laws developed and transitioned over the years in Asia?

    Yes. But the management should be streamlined. Training should be given to Patent agents. Patent drafting and registrations need more experts.

    Being a full-time lawyer and also giving your valuable time as a visiting lecturer, how do you manage to achieve a perfect equilibrium when it comes to work-life balance?

    I am my own boss. I manage my flexible times without disturbing kids and the family I play by the ear.

     Having extensive work experience across several countries in Asia, how do you think budding law graduates can pursue an international career in Law?

    They have massive opportunities if they specialize several areas such as IP, Cyber Law and data privacy.

    As the Senior Partner of ATD Legal Associates can you tell our curious readers how an average work day would be at your firm?

    8 hours

    What are the qualities you would look for in interns and new job applicants if they should apply to work at ATD Legal Associates?

    Preciseness, self-motivated, research oriented and punctuality

    What would be your words of advice for young lawyers who aim to set a career in corporate law?

    Know your law. Learn your law, further learn it until you die.

  • Bivas Chatterjee, Special Public Prosecutor, Govt of WB, on challenges in cyber law and skills to become a good cyber lawyer

    Bivas Chatterjee, Special Public Prosecutor, Govt of WB, on challenges in cyber law and skills to become a good cyber lawyer

    Bivas Chatterjee qualified in Law from University of Calcutta in the year 1997, thereafter he pursued his Masters in Law from the Kakatia University.  He is currently Special Public Prosecutor in Cyber Laws and Electronic evidence related cases, engaged by Government of West Bengal. He has over sixteen years of professional experience and has experience of working in cyber law. He deals with major Information Technology, telecom and infrastructure companies. He is also the author of Electronic  Evidence, Cyber Criminal Manual, Cyber Security and The Law, Cyber Contract(Legal Analysis), Dense Cloud( Legal Analysis of Cloud), Information Technology Manual, Your Ultimate Protection Guide, Cyber Adjudication. CID, West Bengal got its first conviction in the case where he was the special public prosecutor. He shares the challenges and experiences being a cyber lawyer in India.

    In this interview, he talks to us about:

    • Challenges faced in cyber law
    • The importance of cyber awareness in the digital world.
    • The skills to develop to become a good cyber lawyer
    • Combining technology with cyber law

     

    PLEASE EXPLAIN TO OUR READERS: WHAT IS CYBER LAW? DOES THIS INCLUDE TECHNOLOGY LAW?

    Summarily law, which governs the cyber/virtual world, is cyber law in common parlance. As cyber world has taken an unprecedented proportion, it has now various sub-structures. For example, people say that today it is a data world and to govern the data world, especially in this big data world, we have in USA, ECPA or other legislations to govern various data-breaches.

    In my opinion it is purely a technology law or it can be coined as techno-legal subject. We know technology runs much faster than appropriate legislation to come and that is why there is a clear constrain between law and technology and hence the present subject requires a thorough techno-legal-experimental attitude and flair to solve various legal issues or problems.

     

    WHAT KIND OF WORK DO CYBER LAWYERS DO?

    The areas of works are limitless and also unexplored till date. A cyber lawyer can fight the cyber crime related cases (be in defence side or as prosecutor, in prosecution side). Actually specking every modern day lawyer should have a fare bit of understanding on cyber related matters. Even in civil suit, namely matrimonial suits, etc., the litigants are coming with Facebook pages or other various types of electronic evidences. The application of electronic documents in every spheres of legal world is now inevitable.

     

    ARE THERE DIFFERENT KINDS OF CYBER LAWYERS WHO DO DIFFERENT KIND OF WORK LIKE THERE ARE DEAL LAWYERS WHO SPECIALISE IN DIFFERENT KIND OF DEALS?

    Cyber lawyers can practise in various civil as well as in criminal cases. Cyber lawyers can also give advice to the lawyers in various fields and can also share their knowledge with various LEA, academies etc. The prospect is growing everyday.

     

    IS A CAREER IN CYBER LAW VIABLE? WHAT KIND OF OPPORTUNITY IS THERE FOR YOUNG LAWYERS IN CYBER LAW?

    I have already discussed that present day lawyers can not proceed with their jobs without a fair bit of knowledge in this techno-legal field. The next generation legal fields require huge number of cyber-lawyers who will assist the judicial system in various ways in Courts apart from various in house legal jobs.

     

    HOW DID YOU MAKE A CAREER IN CYBER LAW?

    Being a first generation practitioner, when I started my career, I started with telecom industries. In the year 2002 I was engaged as a lawyer in a very famous telecom company in West Bengal and lateran one by one other telecom companies engaged me as their lawyer. In the year 2008 I have dealt with one of the first case of cyber corporate espionage between two very famous telecom company and later in the year 2010, I single-handedly dealt with one of the famous defacement case of a world renowned telecom company, spreading entire India, on behalf of the company. It was one of the first and biggest success in cyber crime related cases in the eastern India. Then onwards, I simply fall in love with this subject and it has become rather passion than to only profession. That time I could foresee the potential of this subject and since 2012, I have been engaged with all the various prestigious academies in India, I used to speak in those classes or seminars, that the future lies in the digital/electronic cases. I love to see that what I have thought and predicted years before, has actually proved to be truth. Though I was from the science background but not from information technology background, I have to upgrade and update myself to the present day changes in this filed. Actually technology moves mush faster than law or legislative changes or amendments. Even today, everyday I have to learn new changes taking place in this world.

     

    WHAT WERE THE FIVE BIGGEST CHALLENGES YOU FACED ALONG THE WAY? HOW DID YOU OVERCOME THEM?

    From day one I have faced various challenges in this field and I have to make over them in various ways. The following will make things clear:

    • In the yearly days, dealing with only cyber laws would not suffice for my living and I had to do other conventional cases along with the same to sustain my family. It was very tough and struggling period.
    • The law-enforcement machineries in the beginning was not ready, which they are now, to welcome the changes in the legal and other related fields. In various cases, there was lacuna in investigation for want of sufficient knowledge to collect, preserve and present digital/electronic evidences. For the last five years or so, I have trained more than thousands law enforcement officers in India, written books on how to solve and investigate various types of cases so that the evidence can be presented before the Learned Court.
    • The application of E-evidence in the existing conventional fields, like paper-oriented court system, was and still is a challenge. To make things uncomplicated, I have started to file written argument in details highlighting the recent development in these fields. I have been taking various classes covering the entire area/domain for learned judicial officers and public prosecutors.
    • To make things easier I have also written various books covering various areas of this techno-legal field. I have my blog/page under Facebook under title, “Cyber Crime Awareness Campaign”, through which time to time I post and share various articles, so that people specially the legal friends get help.
    • Finally, as I am the only Special Public Prosecutor in cyber-crime and electronic evidence related cases in Bengal today, I have very hectic schedule in everyday life and I have to continue my study in various related fields, which I have to do in my way to various Ld Courts sitting in vehicles through mobile or laptop. Everyday I have to work 16 to 18 hours to keep up with my hectic schedule.

     

    WHAT COURSES, BOOKS WOULD YOU RECOMMEND FOR A LAW STUDENT LOOKING TO SPECIALISE IN CYBER LAW?

    There are lot of books but students have to go through the contents and look into books which contain the practical-approach-oriented materials before purchasing. The best way to learn is to look into the various resources available in the internet but they should verify them and if possible cross-check with other resources. The student should have interest in technology, specially software development. I love to code everyday in my favourite languages like python, javascript etc.

     

    IS IT IMPORTANT TO GET A DEGREE OR DIPLOMA IN CYBER LAW?

    In my opinion there is no need to get a degree or diploma, rather a law degree is enough. The online certifications on various new fields are more useful than any diploma. The fundamental concept matters most.

     

    HOW DO YOU KEEP YOURSELF UPDATED GIVEN THAT CYBER AND TECHNOLOGY LAW IS AN ALWAYS EVOLVING FIELD?

    It is an ever-changing world. The platform or technology in buzz today may be obsolete tomorrow. I am sure the knowledge, which I acquire today after a lot of arduous efforts, is of no use tomorrow. Technology moves much faster than legal amendments. Everyday I dedicate at least three to four hours to study technology and sometimes I felt frustrated that my study-hours cover more technology study than law. I think law is more interpretation than only the statues and hence for those areas I need to allocate times to study. I have to allocate more time on real life problem-solving issues, like how the security breaches occur, the technique of hacking, the data-breaches etc.

     

    WHAT BLOGS, JOURNALS OR WEBSITES DO YOU FOLLOW?

    Various online website / blog of USA, Canada and European Union etc. dealing with this techno-legal world.

    I have mentioned details of the url/links in my books, students can follow those links.

    Study through you tube or Google article related to this field.

     

    IF I AM INTERESTED IN CYBER LAW, WHOM SHOULD I FOLLOW ON TWITTER AND LINKEDIN IN YOUR OPINION?

    You go through works of various persons and can follow one you think credible. You can follow me at:

    https://www.linkedin.com/in/bivaschatterjee/

    bivas.chatterjee@gmail.com

    https://twitter.com/cybercrimemanua

    https://www.facebook.com/bivas.chatterjee.5

    https://www.facebook.com/awarenesstocyber/

     

    WHAT ARE THE TOP FIVE SKILLS TO DEVELOP IF I WANT TO BE A GOOD CYBER LAWYER?

    The following top 5 skills are desirable from a cyber lawyer:

    • Tenacity and eagerness to learn new things everyday, specially new development in this field.
    • A little bit thorough knowledge of computer system specially hardware details of computer, mobile, IOT devices etc.
    • A little bit thorough knowledge of operating software, other computer software especially in depth knowledge of at least the grammar of a single computer language i.e knowledge of coding.
    • A little bit thorough knowledge of networking system specially web-development, network protocols, various frameworks and at least one server-side and one client-side language, namely php, javascript, nodejs etc.
    • A little bit thorough knowledge of cyber and electronic evidence related laws in India and beyond India, various case studies, case laws related to that.

     

    WHO ACCORDING TO YOU ARE THE BIGGEST INFLUENCERS IN CYBER LAW IN 2018?

    There are various stake-holders who have the biggest influences in cyber laws and some of them are as follows:

    •  Law enforcement agencies that can ethically hack and solve the cyber crime related cases.
    • Intermediaries i.e. various online service providers as defined in section 2(w) of Information Technology Act,2000, as amended.
    • Technical experts who have thorough knowledge on the ins and out of a system.
    • Banking sector companies, online wallets companies etc. who provide online money transactions platforms.
    • NGOs working in this field(though the number is meagre), public prosecutors, lawyers and judges.

    UNDERSTANDING CYBER LAW – DOES IT ALSO REQUIRE A DETAILED UNDERSTANDING OF TECHNOLOGY?

    The obvious answer is yes. If practising lawyers does not know the practical details of ins and outs of the technology, how can he find the actual problem and provide solution which is admissible and acceptable by Ld. Courts and society at larger.

     

    SHOULD ENGINEERS AND CYBER SECURITY EXPERTS LEARN CYBER LAW? HOW CAN IT POSSIBLY HELP THEM?

    If a fire-tender does not know how to deal with fire, how can he make himself safe from being burnt and more so how can he make other safe. For example, person dealing with private, secure, sensitive data or electronic systems may at any point of time implicate himself or herself in unnecessary legal binding / litigation. (Say for example after the GDPR, in European Union, huge compliances are required, otherwise stringent actions may follow). In every sphere, the knowledge of cyber laws around the world is a prerequisite for engineers and cyber expert and the knowledge will provide a safety-valve to them.

     

    WHAT IS THE EARNING POTENTIAL OF A SUCCESSFUL CYBER LAWYER?

    Earning potential as a profession cyber lawyer is good in my opinion. The number of Cyber lawyers are numbered and crimes and contraventions are on increase in virtual world.

     

    IS IT BETTER TO PRACTICE INDEPENDENTLY OR TO WORK WITH A LAW FIRM OR COMPANY?

    It depends on person to person. But for the newly-started professionals, it is better to have one guide, though being the pioneer in this field, I never felt the urge to have someone. If someone has the highest level of passion, zeal, dedication, honesty and integrity, he or she will surely succeed.

     

    HOW DOES ONE GET STARTED IN CYBER LAW PRACTICE?

    In my opinion to start in legal professional, one should not be very choosy, and in the early stages he or she should do or put his head into various issues and as the cyber-law related issues are everywhere, one who wants to pursue the career in cyber law can start only specialisation work after at least 5 years of his or her practice years.

     

    DO YOU THINK INDIAN CYBER LAW REGIME NEEDS AN UPGRADE? WHAT ARE THE AREAS THAT NEED ATTENTION OF LAWMAKERS?

    After the amendment has been made by way of Information Technology Amendment Act, 2008, some of the famous judgements been pronounced, and lot of technological changes took place, especially in arena of Data-science, cloud-computing, Artificial Intelligence and its predictive algorithm, Blockchain etc., Indian Cyber laws should require upgradation. The following areas need attention:

    • Getting evidences from the intermediaries, especially from WhatsApp and other Instant messenger services.
    • Appointment of Examiners of Electronic evidence.
    • Laws relating to forensics evidences, especially incorporating chain of evidence in Indian law.
    • Details of laws clarifying the process of collection, preservation and presentation of electronic evidence.
    • Clarifying the status of the cyber security personnel and IT- security audit or ethical hacking.
    • Strong data-protecting laws (We already got the Personal Data Privacy Law Bill, 2018)
    • Changes in procedural laws in cyber crime investigation,
    • Laws dealing in details on Child pornography and Online-Trafficking.
    • Laws relating internet of things (now Internet of Everything)
    • Laws related to CCTV footage, etc

     

    WHAT ARE THE MOST PROMISING AREAS OF WORK WITHIN CYBER LAW IN THE NEXT DECADE?

    The most promising areas are:

    • Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Deep Learning.
    • Cloud-computing
    • internet of things (now Internet of Everything)
    • Data privacy and security, specially big data, data-analytics and predictive and destructive logarithm.
    • Blockchain and crypto-currencies.
    • Dealing with digital/electronic evidence in non conventional and conventional fields.

     

    DOES IT MAKE SENSE FOR LAWYERS TO SUPER SPECIALISE WITHIN THE DOMAIN OF CYBER LAW?

    If any lawyer wants to specialise in cyber law arena, specialising within the domain is obviously required, specially regular and intensive study in technology and exploring its new areas is a must. Dedicated and passionate effort is a prerequisite in this domain.