You’ve led high-stakes SaaS and IT contract negotiations across jurisdictions like the US, UK, Middle East, and India. What key legal and commercial differences have you observed among these regions, particularly in structuring and negotiating complex technology agreements?
The fundamental difference is risk philosophy and regulatory approach. US contracts are heavily liability-focused with aggressive risk shifting – broad indemnities, high liability caps, and extensive IP warranties because litigation risk is real. UK/EU takes a more balanced approach with reasonable risk allocation, but GDPR fundamentally changed data processing terms and cross-border transfer requirements.
Middle East markets are relationship-driven with conservative risk tolerance – they often require local partnerships, prefer advance payments or guarantees, and decision-making is more hierarchical. Each country varies significantly – UAE’s approach differs from Saudi Arabia’s regulatory framework.
India is extremely cost-sensitive with detailed SLA requirements and strong data localization mandates under DPDP Act. There’s preference for Indian governing law and local arbitration venues.
For AI and emerging tech, the differences are stark. US allows broad AI disclaimers and extensive model training rights. EU requires AI Act compliance with strict accountability for high-risk systems. The Middle East often mandates human oversight for AI decisions. India’s framework is still emerging but trending toward data sovereignty.
My approach: Use master agreements with jurisdiction-specific addenda rather than one-size-fits-all contracts. Build modular compliance sections that adapt to local requirements. Most importantly, understand that what works in Silicon Valley often needs significant adaptation – both legally and commercially – for other markets.
As Director-Legal (Deputy General Counsel) at Innovaccer and a close advisor to both leadership and product teams, how has your role evolved beyond traditional contract review into a more strategic business function?
My role has evolved from traditional lawyer to strategic business partnership. I’m now embedded with product and leadership teams from the earliest stages – helping architect compliance into product roadmaps rather than reviewing afterward, participating in M&A strategy and market expansion decisions, and turning regulatory requirements into competitive advantages. I’ve built legal infrastructure that operates at business speed through automated workflows, self-service templates, and proactive frameworks that eliminate bottlenecks. The result is measurably faster deal cycles, on-schedule product launches, and better strategic decision-making because legal insights come early in the process rather than as obstacles later. Legal has become a growth accelerator rather than a cost center.
From negotiating complex IT contracts to managing commercial transactions, you’ve worked extensively across highly regulated sectors. How do you stay abreast of evolving legal and regulatory frameworks, particularly in areas like data privacy and technology law? What’s your approach to identifying and mitigating legal risks in such fast-paced and dynamic industries?
Staying current in fast-moving regulatory environments requires a systematic approach, not just ad-hoc reading. I’ve built a multi-layered monitoring system that combines automated alerts, industry networks, and practical application. For regulatory tracking, I use targeted legal research platforms with custom alerts for specific jurisdictions and practice areas – data privacy updates from key regulators like FTC, state AGs, and international bodies. I also maintain relationships with specialized regulatory counsel in different jurisdictions who provide real-time insights on enforcement trends and practical legal and compliance interpretations.
Industry engagement is equally important. I’m active in relevant legal associations and regularly attend focused conferences – not general legal events, but sector-specific gatherings where regulators actually speak and share enforcement priorities. Peer networks with other in-house counsel facing similar challenges provide invaluable practical insights you can’t get from legal publications.
For risk identification, I’ve developed frameworks that integrate legal monitoring with business operations. I work closely with product, engineering, and business development teams to understand what’s actually being built and sold, not just what’s documented. This early visibility lets me spot regulatory risks before they become legal problems.
My mitigation approach focuses on building scalable systems rather than case-by-case reviews. I create legal frameworks that can adapt to regulatory changes without rebuilding everything. For data privacy, this means privacy-by-design architectures that can accommodate new requirements. For commercial transactions, it means modular contract structures that can be updated efficiently.
The key is making legal monitoring a business process, not a personal responsibility. When regulatory changes happen, we can adapt quickly because the infrastructure is already in place.
In the early stages of your career, you worked across diverse areas like transaction structuring, energy law, employment compliance, and more. How has this multidisciplinary exposure informed your legal thinking and approach as an in-house counsel today?
That multidisciplinary foundation taught me to see legal issues as interconnected business problems rather than isolated practice areas. Working in energy law showed me how regulatory frameworks shape entire business models. Transaction structuring taught me to think commercially about risk allocation. Employment laws gave me an operational perspective on how legal requirements actually impact day-to-day business. Now as in-house counsel, I don’t just analyze contracts in isolation – I understand how employment terms affect deal structures, how regulatory compliance impacts transaction timelines, and how operational realities influence legal strategy. This cross-functional thinking lets me spot issues other lawyers miss and provide solutions that work across multiple business functions. Instead of saying ‘that’s not my area,’ I can connect dots between different legal domains to solve complex business challenges more effectively.
You’ve worked closely with business stakeholders, particularly in the IT sector. What are some common challenges you encounter in ensuring legal compliance, and how can businesses proactively address these issues early in the process to avoid future roadblocks?
The biggest challenge is that business teams treat legal compliance as a final review step rather than a foundational design element. In commercial contracting, sales teams often negotiate terms that create operational nightmares – promising SLAs we can’t meet or data processing we can’t legally perform. On the product side, teams build features first, then discover they violate privacy laws or create IP ownership issues. My approach is embedding legal requirements upfront – I work with sales to create contract playbooks with pre-approved terms that close deals faster, collaborate with product teams during feature planning to ensure privacy-by-design, and partner with engineering on data architecture that supports both business needs and regulatory compliance. I also build automated approval workflows and self-service legal tools so teams can move at business speed without creating risks. The result is that legal becomes a competitive advantage – we can commit to terms competitors can’t, launch compliant products faster, and avoid the costly retrofitting that kills margins and delays launches.
With over a decade of experience, what initially drew you to pursue law as a career? When you reflect on your journey now, how has your vision evolved since those early days?
I was initially drawn to law because I saw it as a way to solve complex problems and create structure in ambiguous situations. Early on, I thought legal work was about finding the right answer in statutes and precedents. Over the past decade, I’ve realized that the most impactful legal work happens at the intersection of law and business strategy – it’s not just about compliance, but about enabling growth and competitive advantage. My vision has evolved from being a legal expert who provides advice to being a business partner who helps drive outcomes. I’ve learned that the best legal solutions aren’t just technically correct – they’re commercially viable and operationally practical. What excites me now is using legal expertise to unlock business opportunities that others can’t see, whether that’s structuring deals that competitors can’t match or building compliance frameworks that become market differentiators. Law became less about finding answers in books and more about creating solutions that don’t exist yet.
Recognized for your strong contributions across industries, what core values or guiding principles have anchored your legal journey? Looking ahead, what goals or aspirations do you hold for the future?
Ans: Three core principles have guided my legal career: pragmatic problem-solving over theoretical perfection, business enablement rather than risk avoidance, and building scalable systems instead of one-off solutions. I’ve always believed that the best legal advice is the advice that actually gets implemented – which means understanding business realities and crafting solutions that work operationally, not just legally. My approach has been to turn legal requirements into competitive advantages rather than compliance burdens. Looking ahead, I’m focused on leveraging emerging technologies like AI to transform how legal functions operate – building intelligent contract systems, predictive compliance frameworks, and automated risk assessment tools that let legal teams operate at unprecedented scale and speed. My aspiration is to help redefine what in-house legal can accomplish, moving from a support function to a strategic driver of business growth and innovation. The future of legal is about using technology and strategic thinking to solve business problems that haven’t been solvable before.
Legal work in high-stakes corporate environments is intense. How do you balance your professional responsibilities with personal well-being? What practices or activities help you recharge and maintain perspective?
Honestly, I’m a natural hustler – I thrive on the intensity and challenge of high-stakes legal work. But I’ve learned that raw drive without strategy leads to burnout, not breakthrough results. The key is channeling that energy where it creates maximum impact rather than spreading it thin across everything.
With experience, I’ve developed systems for sustainable high performance. I start my day with strategic work before reactive demands take over, and I batch similar tasks to maintain deep focus rather than constant context-switching. Outside work, I stay physically active and spend time with my dog – there’s something grounding about that unconditional companionship that cuts through legal complexity. I’m also involved in community animal welfare work, which connects me to something meaningful beyond corporate environments.
The breakthrough insight: stepping away from legal problems often unlocks better solutions when I return. I’ve built strong professional relationships that provide perspective during intense periods, and I’ve learned to distinguish between urgent and important – not every crisis is actually critical. This lets me stay calm under pressure and direct my hustler energy where it matters most. Sustainable excellence isn’t about working harder – it’s about managing energy strategically.
Given your wide-ranging expertise, what advice would you offer to young lawyers entering the legal profession today particularly those looking to build careers in corporate law, technology, or cross-border commercial practice?
Three pieces of advice: First, become genuinely business-literate, not just legally competent. Understand how companies actually make money, how technology works, and what drives commercial decisions. The lawyers who succeed long-term are those who can translate legal requirements into business solutions. Second, specialize early but stay adaptable. Pick a sector like fintech or healthcare and become the go-to expert, but develop skills that transfer across industries – contract negotiation, regulatory analysis, and strategic thinking are universal. Third, build relationships before you need them. The best opportunities come through networks, not job boards. Connect with in-house counsel, business leaders, and peers who’ll become your referral sources and collaborators. For cross-border work specifically, understand that legal expertise alone isn’t enough – you need cultural fluency and practical knowledge of how business actually gets done in different markets. Most importantly, think like a business partner from day one. Don’t just identify problems – propose solutions. The lawyers who advance fastest are those who make their clients’ lives easier, not more complicated.
You have a demonstrated history in corporate commercial litigation, particularly in insolvency laws, arbitration, and commercial disputes. What initially inspired you to pursue a career in law, and what drew you specifically to these areas of practice?
Once I started with law school, regular brainstorming sessions in a group was something which I got inclined to, and it always helped me in achieving appropriate results subject to the long enjoyable hours of work and preparations.
Initially, the idea of law school was to begin a law firm journey on the corporate side but as fate decided, I always ended up with internships with litigation teams.
As destiny worked, I commenced my career with a litigation chamber where I worked upon and assisted the seniors in matters pertaining to different facets of law. However, arbitrations and insolvency always got my interest. Till today, my workload primarily focuses on insolvency and arbitrations but has over the time also expanded to regulatory, civil and criminal laws as well.
The early years in the legal profession can be particularly demanding. When you began your career, what were some of the initial challenges you faced, and what insights did you gain from overcoming them?
I believe that litigating lawyers are on probation till the time they are litigating lawyers owing to the level of uncertainty. ??? This needs a better explanation.
The most common challenges which every new lawyer faces (specially those like me who do not come from a legal background) is in getting appropriate answers to “what” and “why” of the legal profession and the answers to the said questions vary from lawyer to lawyer which often creates further dilemma upon discussions with the fellow lawyers. This dilemma is resolved differently by every person in their own way as there are no set formulae or a defined path to go forward in this profession. Every lawyer has his own storyline.
Despite having a positive outlook to life, I would admit that the initial years of my practice were tough in terms of coping up with the pressure, getting overwhelmed before every hearing even when I was not appearing before the court and only assisting and especially looking at my colleagues who, as per my understanding, were doing better etc.
However, I was lucky to have the support of a few great friends and mentors who guided me smoothly through all the difficult paths and further helped me in shaping my career as well as understanding the perspective of law.
I would say that till today, the struggle of a litigating lawyer continues which is perpetual. Every day is a new learning curve, a new challenge, a new perspective to the fact situation. However, I am in a better place professionally continuing with the thought that there is no short cut to achieving your goals but hard work, sincerity and dedication to the profession along with working smartly (given the latest AI tools and technology at one’s disposal) helps you grow in the legal profession.
How are construction arbitration matters typically approached in your experience, particularly those you’ve handled independently? If you could share the key challenges you faced and how you addressed them?
Construction Arbitrations specifically in India as compared to other jurisdictions are an assortment full of contentious points like price escalation, variation in quality/quantity or both, technical hindrances, delay etc. The said matters being highly technical in nature require a streamlined approach with a proper understanding of the tenders and its clauses. The key challenges which are usually faced during such proceedings are dependent upon how diligent the party being represented was during the tender/contract implementation stage as maintenance of proper records and communications plays a very important role in the outcome. Furthermore, high-stake construction arbitrations, specially where cross border parties are involved, require specific experts for delay analysis, claim preparation which are over and above the expertise of most of the lawyers. For instance, delay analysis can be done by an expert in several ways basing on the agreement between the parties which would include but is not limited to – As Planned vs As Built method, Time Impact Analysis, Window Analysis etc.
You’ve been involved in several landmark judgments under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. What was it like to be part of such high-stakes litigation, and how did you prepare both legally and strategically for these cases?
Every case, especially which concerns the Insolvency regime is a high-profile case these days as it is an infant law as compared to other laws and is evolving day by day mostly by way of precedents. The fate of the company is largely dependent on the successful resolution. While working on a high-stake matter, either independently or while being associated with an office, the simple approach which I have always relied upon is firstly know your facts and file. Knowing facts clearly and being able to reproduce/argue them concisely is something which gives your case a clarity. Once there is clarity to the facts of the case, the law is applied “skilfully”.
In representing real estate, trading and textile companies under the IBC, what common legal and operational hurdles have you observed? Based on your experience, what proactive measures can these companies take to better navigate insolvency proceedings?
While dealing with such matters, the common issues which arise are always lack of contemporaneous communication to safeguard the interests of the party we represent. Owing to lack of such communications and proper compliances, several sound companies suffer. Timely and sound legal advice during the regular day to day functioning of the company also plays a crucial role. The role of lawyers has expanded considerably to not just advise on law but to advise companies on business transactions and to protect the business interests.
Leading a team of associates alongside an Equity Partner in complex arbitration and insolvency matters can be quite demanding. How do you approach team management and foster a collaborative working environment that ensures efficiency and high-quality outcomes? Additionally, what key qualities or skills do you value most in your team members?
Once a lawyer reaches at one point in his or her career, delegation and sharing of work load with the team becomes essential. To have a streamlined and disciplined working environment having proper quality standards while meeting stringent deadlines, it is mandatory that the responsibilities are shared equally and delegated amongst the team which eventually also creates a sense of responsibility towards the assignment.
The first and foremost skill we look for in a candidate joining our team is an ability to take decisions and take up responsibilities individually. Secondly, is the zeal to take up litigation and work around the “not talked about” adversities of the profession. A team grows when a member of the team grows individually and eventually when the set backs are approached collectively with a positive mind set with an enthusiasm to keep moving ahead.
When representing prominent real estate developers before arbitral tribunals and High Courts, what key strategic considerations shape your approach? Additionally, are there any resources that you regularly rely on and would recommend to others in the field?
The disputes which real estate developers and their promoters are privy to are diverse in nature which would include applicability of criminal laws, insolvency laws in certain cases, RERA compliances etc. The main strategic approach to deal with such matters at hand requires a lawyer to deal with all the cases at priority and with due efficiency as on one pretext or the other, the said cases will be linked or will be dependent on each other either on facts, law or the way proceedings are conducted.
A proper way to deal with such cases where there is multiplicity of litigation, it is advised to have a brief background of each case so that nothing inconsistent is submitted. Particularly, for matters concerning real estate industry, EPC Contracts etc, commentaries like Building and Engineering Contact by PC Markanda and others can be used apart from usual research tools such as SCC Online, Manupatra etc..
With your wide-ranging experience in litigation and corporate commercial litigation, what advice would you offer to law students or early-career lawyers aspiring to succeed in this profession, especially those looking to build careers in corporate litigation? Are there any resources, habits, or mindsets that you consider essential in today’s legal landscape?
There is no hard and fast rule for pursuing the professional per se, however, some changes in the daily execution may prove to be beneficial. Every other lawyer, may it be a senior or a beginner in the profession, develops their own way of drafting, arguing etc however, being connected to the fellow lawyers, knowing all the amendments, new precedents always acts as a stepping stone and a boost to the knowledge. Furthermore, build trust and rapport with the mentors, team and colleagues which eventually will be a big part in the long-standing journey. It is very important to build a solid foundation to understand the proceedings, laws and procedures.
It is helpful if you assess at an early stage that if you’re passionate about litigation and towards pursuing it further and if yes, then be patient while continuously evaluating yourself qua the performance.
A story of success is always backed by a story of failure and trials.
Given your demanding professional commitments and deep involvement in high-profile cases, how do you maintain balance between your personal and professional life? Are there any core principles or philosophies that guide you in both spheres?
Being a lawyer always comes along with its own set of challenges such as long working hours. There is no shortcut to it as it is a service industry which is very dynamic and ever evolving and whereby everything is based on the efficiency and quality of the service provided.
The work life balance and the outlook one looks at differs from person to person, however certain habits which should be taken up early in the profession are that one should be able to set boundaries between work and personal life while setting deadlines. Time management and efficient organisation ensuring the allocation of work and time are important. Lastly, flexibility is the key for successful implementation of the above two points as it helps a person to adapt and adjust the schedule as and when required.
From Head Girl at Modern School Vasant Vihar to an Associate at A&O Shearman in London how do you reflect on your journey?
Looking back, it hasn’t exactly been a straight line, but I don’t think I’d change anything. Being Head Girl at my high school was probably my first experience juggling twenty things at once – academics, debates, sports, painting, dancing, leadership (and occasionally trying to stop people, including my notorious best friend, from bunking classes). I loved being involved in everything, which has sort of stayed with me.
In my final year, apart from juggling the many responsibilities that came with being the Head Girl, I was also a national-level runner and represented the state in competitions across the country. At the time, I remember wanting to take it up professionally and hoped to be the next PT Usha, so I dedicated most of my time to training. I also won a sports scholarship.
When the board results came, I didn’t hit the 95% mark that’s so often treated as the golden ticket. At the time, I thought that meant I’d missed out. But because of all of my achievements, I got admission to Lady Shri Ram College to study Philosophy which turned out to be exactly what I needed. I didn’t know it then, but Philosophy shaped the way I think: it made me comfortable with ambiguity, taught me how to structure arguments, and to ask “why” until something actually made sense. I loved it a lot, and ended up being among the top scorers in the University. It also turned out to be very good prep for a future degree and career in law.
After law school at Delhi University, I clerked for Justice A.K. Sikri at the Supreme Court. I then went on to Cambridge for my LLM, and from there joined Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas, where I worked in hardcore litigation and both international and domestic arbitration. Later, I moved to London first at a U.S. firm focusing on international arbitration, and now with A&O Shearman, where I’ve been part of the Litigation and Investigations team. I’m currently on secondment with the firm’s Regulation & Conduct team, which has given me a very different (but equally valuable) perspective on how institutions think about risk, regulation, and conduct.
It’s been a mix of the unexpected and the intentional but somehow, it’s all added up.
You took on a fairly serious internship while still a student. What made you do that, and what did you take away from it?
During my first year of college, I interned with Justice Anup Bhambhani, who was then a senior advocate practicing at the Delhi High Court and Supreme Court. It was a long-term internship that I somehow balanced alongside lectures and college life but I really wanted to get stuck in early.
It was an eye-opener. I was exposed to serious matters criminal, commercial, and constitutional that eventually reached the highest courts in the country. I did a lot of research and drafting work and got to see legal strategy taking shape in real time. He was the best first mentor anyone could ask for, generous with his time, exacting in the best way, and genuinely invested. They say if your first boss is a good boss, you’re lucky I definitely was.
That experience grounded me early. It helped me see law not just as a subject but as something real, dynamic, and impactful. I think it also gave me the confidence to keep pushing for more, even when things felt intimidating.
And then a clerkship at the Supreme Court with Justice Sikri right after law school, which was your first step into the full time professional legal world. What was that like?
The transition from law school to the Supreme Court was like being dropped straight into the deep end – but in the best way. As a clerk to Justice Sikri, I had a front-row seat to some of the most important legal debates in the country. What struck me most was the sheer discipline and clarity with which he approached even the most complex matters. Every footnote, every comma, had to have a reason.
He was also incredibly open to ideas. I was fresh out of law school, but he always made space for me to question things, to offer my own perspective, and to learn by doing. It taught me the value of precision, yes but also how to look beyond the black letter of the law to the human impact of legal reasoning. That lesson has stuck with me far beyond the court, and I’ll always be grateful to him for cementing my love for the law.
You pursued an LLM at Cambridge right after. What drove that decision, and what was it like?
After the intensity of the clerkship, I wanted to step back and immerse myself in deeper academic thinking. Cambridge had always been something of a dream. I applied, not expecting much, and was genuinely shocked when I got in and that too with scholarships from the Cambridge Trust and the Pratibha M. Singh Foundation.
My time there was everything I hoped for – demanding, inspiring, and also very grounding. I studied international law, information law, advanced private law alongside peers from all over the world. We’d debate the ICC’s latest decisions in the morning, spend afternoons trying (and failing) to punt without falling into the Cam, and evenings at formal dinners where I’d shamelessly sneak in a bottle of Tabasco. It was serious learning with a light touch, and it pushed me to see law in a much more global and comparative way.
After Cambridge, you returned to India and joined Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas (CAM). What was that experience like?
CAM was where I properly learned how to be a litigator. I joined the disputes team and was in court or before a tribunal pretty much constantly arguing, drafting, thinking on my feet. It was full throttle, but I loved it. There’s something about being in the thick of it – scrambling to prepare for a hearing at midnight, getting cross-examination notes ready under pressure – that really forces you to trust your instincts.
I had incredible mentors during that time. Raunak, the partner in the team, was great and generous with his time, and my brother-in-law Aditya – also a lawyer, and at the firm then – was (and still is) someone I lean on for ideas, prep, and perspective. The exposure to substantive matters early on really gave me the confidence to speak up, take ownership, and grow quickly.
You then moved into international arbitration at a U.S. firm in London. What was the shift like?
It was a big transition – procedurally, stylistically, culturally. The focus there was on large-scale international arbitration, so the pace was still fast, but the rhythm was different. Less shouting in courtrooms, more strategic planning in very long Zoom calls.
What I really appreciated was the collaborative nature of cross-border work. You’re often balancing legal regimes, time zones, and business interests at once. I worked closely on issues tied to enforcement risk, and it gave me a clearer sense of how legal exposure often begins long before any formal dispute arises. That experience planted the seed for what’s now a strong interest in how businesses are regulated, the many risks involved, how to mitigate those risks, and when things go south – how best to serve your clients. It also showed me how lawyers can play a proactive role in every stage of that process.
What have you worked on at A&O Shearman, and what are you doing now in your secondment?
At A&O Shearman, I joined the Litigation and Investigations team, where I’ve worked on a range of matters: commercial litigation, internal investigations, and regulatory enforcement issues. Several of those matters touched directly on financial crime, fraud, and misconduct, and I found myself increasingly drawn to the investigative and regulatory angles of our work.
That interest is what led me to take up a secondment with the firm’s Regulation & Conduct team which is part of the risk and compliance function. The role is very strategy-focused – I help assess how emerging regulatory developments might impact the business and its clients, contribute to internal compliance frameworks, and think through conduct from both a legal and cultural lens.
It’s been fascinating to sit at the intersection of law, risk, and policy, and to understand how large institutions manage internal controls, reporting obligations, and reputational exposure. The secondment has also deepened my interest in working with legal systems that are evolving to meet increasingly complex financial, financial crime, regulatory and technological risks. Its given me a much clearer sense of how clients experience and navigate legal risk internally and I am looking forward to bringing that perspective into my disputes, investigations and regulatory practice, where I can apply it with sharper insight and impact.
Outside law, when you were in India you co-founded a teaching academy. Can you tell us about that?
Yes – this is something very close to my heart. My grandmother is a retired schoolteacher who wanted to keep teaching. So, we started small: just a borrowed desk in a neighbourhood temple, a few local kids, and a lot of chalk dust.
It grew faster than we expected. Over the years, we’ve taught more than 1,000 students, all from families who couldn’t otherwise afford extra help. We now have a proper space, a volunteer teaching team, and a small but thriving community.
Even now, from London, I stay involved however I can, mentoring, supporting the team, and helping raise funds. It’s a constant reminder that education doesn’t need to be fancy to be powerful. It just needs to be consistent, kind, and rooted in belief.
Your journey cuts across court work and litigation, arbitration, investigations, and regulatory compliance. What connects it all?
The through-line, I think, is clarity. Whether I’m helping a client frame a case, analysing documents related to an investigation, or advising on conduct risks – it’s about unpacking complexity and making it manageable.
I’ve always been drawn to roles where law intersects with regulation and reputation, especially in high-stakes or high-impact contexts. The kind of work where one wrong move has real consequences, whether it’s a financial crime allegation or a governance failure. That’s what excites me where investigations, compliance, and tech-driven legal thinking all meet. It’s an area I’d love to keep building in.
And finally, what advice would you give to someone starting out, especially if they feel they’re not on the “perfect” path?
I’d say – forget perfect. It doesn’t exist. When I didn’t get the course I thought I wanted in undergrad, I felt like I’d already fallen behind. But that so-called “detour” changed everything. So be open. Your path doesn’t have to look like anyone else’s.
Ask for help. I’ve learned so much just by reaching out to people who were one or two steps ahead of me. And when you’re in a position to, pay that forward.
Also: keep perspective. Law can be intense, and it will stretch you – but it’s also a long game. Take the work seriously, but don’t let it swallow the rest of your life. Keep reading, travelling, painting, running, resting – whatever makes you feel like a person. That part of you will make you a better lawyer, and a much better colleague!
And finally, keep saying yes. Even when it is daunting, even when you feel unprepared, put your hand up. Some of the most defining parts of my journey came from saying yes to opportunities I wasn’t sure I was ready for. That’s how I stumbled into Philosophy first and later into areas of law I never expected to love, commercial disputes, regulatory work, investigations, financial crime and the influence of technology in law, these have shaped the way I think today. So take the chance. Sometimes the things you grow to love and the strengths you didn’t know you had are waiting just on the other side of that first ‘yes’.
Your remarkable contributions to the legal field are widely recognized. What led you to choose law as a career despite having a background in science? What motivated you to make this shift?
Thank you so much for your kind words. While my background is in science, I was drawn to law primarily because of the unique freedom and societal impact it offers. Unlike many other professions, law provides the opportunity to engage directly with society and interact with people from diverse walks of life. This ability to affect change, whether by resolving complex issues or advocating for others, truly resonated with me. I found that, in science, while I could contribute through innovation and research, law allows me to apply problem-solving skills in a more immediate and tangible way, often in situations where my services can bring about significant positive change or even happiness for others.
Moreover, law offers a respected position within society, which is something I deeply value. The idea that legal professionals play a key role in shaping policy, protecting rights, and upholding justice aligns with my desire for a career that combines intellectual challenge with the opportunity to make a real difference. In many ways, law felt like a natural next step for me, allowing me to leverage the analytical and critical thinking skills honed through my science background, while also offering the chance to have a direct and meaningful impact on individuals and communities.
After completing law school, you pursued an LLM in Business Law and a PhD in Competition Law. What sparked your interest in these specific areas of law, and how have they influenced and enhanced your professional journey?
When I completed my undergraduate law studies, I found myself at a crossroads like many of my peers, wondering what direction to take next. I debated whether to enter legal practice or pursue further studies, and if I chose the latter, in which area of law should I specialize? I initially felt some pressure, as many of my friends were pursuing additional qualifications, and I wondered if I was already falling behind.
However, after careful consideration and introspection, I recognized that my interests were centered around business law related subjects like contracts and intellectual property law. During my final year, I had the opportunity to intern with an IT firm, where I was exposed to contract drafting and gained some insights into the practical applications of intellectual property rights, particularly copyrights and trademarks. This experience sparked a deeper interest in intellectual property law and its potential for specialization.
I began to understand the value of pursuing a more niche area of law, and this led me to focus on business law as my primary interest. After speaking with my professors and industry professionals, I decided to pursue a Master of Laws (LL.M) with a specialization in Business Law, with a focus on Intellectual Property Law as well. I was fortunate to be admitted to NLIU, Bhopal, through the CLAT, which provided me with a solid foundation for my further studies.
The two years of my LL.M were transformative. I had the privilege of learning from professors who deeply influenced my career, particularly Dr. GS Bajpai and Dr. Vinod Dixit. Dr. Bajpai ignited my passion for legal research, while Dr. Dixit played a key role in honing my research skills and guiding my LL.M dissertation, which explored the intersection of Intellectual Property and Competition Law.
During my time at NLIU, I also had the opportunity to intern with Luthra & Luthra, where I assisted in competition law matters. This experience introduced me to the emerging field of competition law in India and further piqued my interest. Since then, competition law has become a key area of my professional passion and expertise. Recognizing the potential of this relatively new area of law, I decided to deepen my expertise and eventually pursued a PhD in Competition Law.
With over 14 years of experience as an in-house legal counsel, what have been some of the most valuable lessons you’ve learned from providing legal support to business operations? Can you share an example of a particularly challenging case you’ve worked on and how you approached it?
As an in-house legal counsel, I have gained several key insights over the years that have been invaluable to my role. One of the most critical lessons is the importance of understanding the company’s business strategy. Legal counsel must go beyond merely interpreting the law; it is essential to integrate our advice within the broader business context. By aligning legal decisions with the company’s goals and objectives, I am able to provide solutions that are not only legally sound but also practically feasible, ensuring that the business can thrive.
Another essential insight is the understanding that risk management is more important than risk avoidance. Effective legal support is not about eliminating all risks, as some degree of risk is unavoidable and even necessary for business growth and innovation. Instead, my role is to help the company navigate these risks in a way that minimizes potential harm while still allowing for the pursuit of opportunities and business goals. It’s about striking the right balance.
Additionally, effective communication has proven to be a vital skill. Translating complex legal concepts into clear, actionable advice is critical, as many business stakeholders may not have a deep legal background. It is my responsibility to ensure that legal implications are communicated in a way that is understandable and actionable. Whether addressing compliance requirements or explaining the potential consequences of a business decision, my aim is to make legal advice accessible and valuable to the team.
Collaboration across different functions has also been one of the most rewarding aspects of my role. Working closely with teams from finance, operations, marketing, and other departments allows me to better understand their priorities and challenges. By being a trusted partner to these teams, I can provide timely and relevant legal support, helping to anticipate potential issues before they escalate.
Agility and solution-oriented thinking are also key components of being an effective in-house counsel. The business environment is constantly evolving, and I’ve learned to be flexible and adaptable in my approach. Legal solutions must evolve alongside the business, and I strive to find practical solutions to legal challenges. Rather than just identifying potential risks, I aim to contribute to finding solutions that propel the business forward.
A preventive approach to law has also been one of the most valuable contributions I can make as in-house counsel. By drafting clear contracts, setting up strong internal processes, and offering regular compliance training, I help mitigate potential risks before they become issues. This proactive approach to legal matters helps the business avoid costly disputes and safeguard its reputation.
Negotiation and diplomacy are critical in my role. Whether I’m involved in contract discussions, dispute resolution, or forming strategic partnerships, it’s crucial to understand the broader context of each negotiation. By recognizing what each party values and finding common ground, I can facilitate agreements that protect the company’s interests while fostering positive, long-term relationships.
Further, commitment to upholding high standards of compliance and ethics is fundamental to the role of an in-house legal counsel. Ensuring that the company adheres to legal requirements and maintains ethical conduct is essential, especially in industries with complex regulatory environments. Non-compliance can lead to serious legal and reputational risks, so maintaining strict standards is critical to safeguarding the company’s integrity and success.
I would say that; the role of in-house legal counsel extends far beyond simply providing legal advice. It involves understanding the business, working collaboratively with various departments, and offering practical, solution-oriented legal guidance that supports the organisation’s growth while safeguarding its interests.
One of the most challenging aspects of my role as in-house legal counsel is navigating the delicate balance between the commercial interests of the organization and our unwavering commitment to legal compliance and ethical practices. In situations like these, it’s crucial to maintain alignment with the company’s goals while ensuring that we don’t compromise on our legal and ethical obligations.
A key challenge often arises when the business is eager to pursue new opportunities or aggressive growth strategies. These initiatives may involve areas where the legal framework is either ambiguous or highly regulated, creating potential compliance risks. My approach in such cases has been to fully understand the commercial objective behind the decision, and then work closely with the relevant business stakeholders to ensure that the legal risks are clearly identified and communicated.
Rather than simply telling the business “no” or “this can’t be done,” I strive to offer alternative solutions that satisfy both the commercial intent and legal requirements. For example, when dealing with regulatory compliance or complex contractual terms, I work collaboratively with finance, operations, and other departments to design agreements or strategies that mitigate legal risk while allowing the business to move forward. This may involve structuring deals in a way that complies with the law, negotiating terms that ensure compliance without hindering business flexibility, or even identifying ways to structure the business’ operations so they remain compliant without disrupting its goals.
One critical component in maintaining this balance is effective communication. I make it a point to explain not just the “what” and “how” of legal compliance, but also the “why”. When business leaders and teams understand the legal rationale behind compliance and ethical guidelines, they are more likely to support and adopt these measures without feeling that they are inhibiting the company’s growth. This transparency also helps to build a culture of compliance within the organization, where legal considerations are viewed as integral to the company’s long-term success rather than as a barrier.
Ultimately, my goal is to find practical solutions that protect the organization’s commercial interests while also ensuring that we uphold the highest standards of legal compliance and ethical conduct. Balancing these priorities requires constant vigilance, clear communication, and a solution-oriented mindset that supports both business growth and responsible risk management.
As an author of numerous books and articles, you’ve addressed various facets of India’s competition law landscape. With the rapid advancement of technology and the rise of digital markets, how do you envision competition law evolving to address challenges such as anti-competitive practices in the tech industry?
As a student of law and research enthusiast who has had the privilege of studying India’s competition law landscape, I believe that the digital revolution and the rapid advancements in technology, especially the rise of big data, will play a critical role in shaping the future of competition law. With technology playing an increasingly dominant role in every sector, competition law must adapt to address new challenges, particularly in the tech industry where anti-competitive practices often thrive.
The surge in data-driven business models has fundamentally altered the dynamics of competition. Tech giants like Google, Facebook, and Amazon have not only redefined how we interact with digital platforms but also consolidated immense power by controlling vast amounts of data. This concentration of data is creating a new form of dominance, with the potential to distort competition in ways that traditional antitrust frameworks were not designed to address.
As companies harness data to gain insights and optimize their operations, they inadvertently or deliberately use it as a tool to entrench market dominance. Practices such as exclusionary tactics, discriminatory pricing, and even data-driven collusion are becoming more commonplace, potentially stifling innovation and preventing smaller competitors from gaining a foothold in the market. These practices represent a growing challenge for regulators who must balance fostering innovation with ensuring a level playing field.
Moreover, the regulatory landscape in India and globally is lagging behind the speed of technological change. Traditional competition law, which primarily focuses on market shares and pricing strategies, must evolve to encompass the unique characteristics of digital markets. The key concern is how we can regulate the misuse of data to preserve both competition and privacy without stifling the very innovation that drives the tech sector forward.
One of the critical areas that require immediate attention is the abuse of data dominance. When a dominant player in the market collects and controls vast amounts of personal data, it can create barriers for entry and exert undue control over consumers. This can lead to harmful outcomes, such as reduced consumer choice, unfair pricing, and monopolistic behavior. Regulatory bodies must address these issues by not only enforcing traditional competition laws but also developing new frameworks that take data and its role in market dynamics into account.
I envision the future of competition law evolving through a combination of enhanced enforcement mechanisms, clearer data governance policies, and greater international cooperation. Strengthened regulatory measures can ensure that dominant players cannot leverage their data advantage to undermine competition. These measures must be agile and responsive, given the rapidly changing nature of digital markets.
Moreover, empowering consumers through transparency and control over their personal data is a key component of a fair and accountable ecosystem. Consumers must be able to understand how their data is being used, have the ability to exercise their rights, and be protected from unfair practices. This empowerment, combined with robust enforcement of competition laws, will help create a more competitive and ethical digital environment.
Addressing anti-competitive practices in the tech industry, particularly in the era of big data, requires a multi-faceted approach. Competition law must evolve to deal with the complexities of data dominance, market power, and the ethical use of information. By fostering innovation while ensuring fair competition, we can create a balanced, dynamic digital ecosystem that promotes consumer welfare, protects individual rights, and drives responsible technological advancement. It will take collaboration among regulators, businesses, and consumers to navigate this complex landscape, but by doing so, we can ensure a thriving and equitable digital future.
Your academic and professional achievements are impressive, and your research contributions are highly regarded. What drives you to keep writing and publishing in such a demanding field, and how do you manage to balance these scholarly endeavours with your professional commitments?
Thank you for your kind words. I am deeply grateful to my teachers, who played a pivotal role in shaping my research skills. As I mentioned earlier, my areas of interest are centered around corporate law, particularly antitrust law. I firmly believe that professionals should focus on emerging areas within their field, as this not only accelerates career growth but also opens doors for new opportunities. I was fortunate to begin my research in competition law just as India’s new antitrust legislation was coming into effect, which created a wealth of learning possibilities.
It is worth noting that publication requirements, such as the two articles needed for Ph.D. programs, were a key catalyst in increasing my publication output. While I had already published a few articles and three books before enrolling in my Ph.D., the pace of article publication certainly increased after my Ph.D. enrolment. As I mentioned earlier, exploring emerging areas and contributing to them not only enriches one’s work but also ensures that contributions are recognized in the academic community.
As for managing the balance between scholarly pursuits and professional commitments, this is a question I often encounter. Striking that balance can be challenging, but with the right strategies, it is certainly achievable. The first step is to clarify both your academic and professional goals. Understanding your priorities allows you to allocate your time and energy effectively, ensuring that both areas progress according to your long-term vision.
Next, I recommend developing a structured schedule that accommodates both academic deadlines and professional responsibilities. Time-blocking is a useful technique to ensure dedicated time for each, so that neither area encroaches on the other. Prioritizing tasks based on deadlines and significance will also help in staying on track.
Leveraging flexibility within both your academic and professional roles can also be incredibly beneficial. Open communication with your employer about important academic periods can lead to accommodations that allow for better focus on research. Likewise, delegating certain tasks in the workplace can free up valuable time for scholarly work. Similarly, in academia, delegating aspects of your research projects where possible can help manage workload effectively.
Setting boundaries is essential to prevent feeling overwhelmed. Learning to say no, or negotiating timelines, helps to ensure that you do not overburden yourself. Being mindful of your limits and allowing yourself to shift focus between commitments is key. Where possible, integrating your academic work with your professional role can streamline both efforts. If your scholarly pursuits align with your job, you can create synergies that reduce the effort required to manage them separately.
Self-care is another critical aspect. Regular breaks, exercise, and relaxation are necessary for maintaining productivity and overall well-being. Stress management techniques, such as mindfulness, can help you stay focused and prevent burnout, ensuring that both your academic and professional commitments remain sustainable.
Utilizing technology to stay organized is also invaluable. Digital tools like calendars, task managers, and note-taking apps are excellent for keeping track of deadlines and responsibilities, helping ensure nothing is overlooked. Lastly, it’s important to be realistic about your capacity. Some periods will require more attention to either your academic or professional life, and it’s essential to adjust expectations accordingly. Don’t hesitate to scale back when necessary to avoid compromising the quality of your work in either area.
Seeking support from mentors, colleagues, and academic advisors can provide the guidance needed to navigate the complexities of balancing both domains. Clear communication and mutual understanding can provide flexibility and insight, helping to manage the dual responsibilities effectively. By prioritizing tasks, setting boundaries, practicing self-care, and leveraging available resources, balancing scholarly and professional commitments can be achieved without overwhelming oneself.
What are the most important elements of intellectual property management that you discuss in one of your works, and why is it critical for businesses to adopt effective IP management strategies?
In one of my works, I discuss several key elements of intellectual property (IP) management that businesses must consider to effectively safeguard their innovations and sustain a competitive edge. These elements include IP identification, protection, commercialization, and enforcement, all of which are crucial to ensuring the longevity and profitability of intellectual assets.
The first step in effective IP management is identifying the intellectual assets within an organization. This involves recognizing innovations, trademarks, patents, and other creative works that could be protected under IP laws. It is essential for businesses to have a clear understanding of what constitutes IP within their operations so that valuable assets are not inadvertently overlooked. Without this identification, businesses risk losing control over critical innovations.
Once IP is identified, the next step is protection. This involves taking the necessary legal measures to secure patents, trademarks, or confidentiality agreements to guard against potential infringement. IP protection forms the foundation of any IP strategy, as it ensures that competitors cannot copy or exploit these innovations, thereby maintaining the business’s unique position in the market.
Following protection, businesses must look to commercialize their IP. This can be achieved through licensing agreements, partnerships, or the development of new products and services. Effective commercialization not only helps businesses generate revenue but also expands their market presence, turning intellectual property into a powerful revenue stream.
However, protection and commercialization alone are not sufficient. Enforcement is equally critical. Businesses must be proactive in monitoring the market for potential infringements of their IP and be prepared to take legal action if necessary. This vigilant enforcement ensures that the value of intellectual assets is not undermined, providing companies with the legal standing to defend their innovations.
Adopting robust IP management strategies is vital for businesses for several reasons. Intellectual property often represents a significant intangible asset, forming the cornerstone of a company’s competitive advantage. Without proper management, businesses risk losing control over their innovations and missing out on opportunities to capitalize on them. Furthermore, effective IP management creates barriers to entry for competitors, helping companies maintain market dominance while fostering a culture of continuous innovation.
In today’s interconnected global marketplace, businesses are increasingly vulnerable to IP theft or unauthorized use. By implementing sound IP management practices, companies can protect their assets, avoid costly legal disputes, and ensure long-term growth and sustainability. Ultimately, IP management is not just about protecting ideas; it is about strategically leveraging those ideas to drive innovation, revenue, and competitive strength.
As the founder of Lex-Warrier Law Journal and a frequent speaker at various conferences, what advice would you give to law students aiming to excel in both the legal profession and legal research? Additionally, what resources would you recommend to them to stay informed about the latest developments in the field of competition law?
My advice to them would be twofold: cultivate a deep commitment to continuous learning and actively seek out opportunities for hands-on experience.
First, in terms of legal research, I would advise students to focus on building a strong foundation in research methodology. The ability to critically analyze case law, statutes, and legal theories is indispensable in any legal career. However, it’s equally important to develop skills in synthesizing complex legal issues and presenting them in clear, concise writing. Law journals, like Lex-Warrier, provide an excellent platform for students in their initial phase to publish their research and get their work noticed by a wider audience. My advice is to regularly contribute to such journals, not only to gain exposure but also to hone your writing and analytical skills.
Secondly, practical experience is key to excelling in the legal profession. I strongly recommend that law students seek internships, clerkships, or volunteer work with law firms, judges, or in-house legal departments. These experiences help bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and real-world application, providing valuable insights into the practice of law. Engaging in moot courts, debates, and legal competitions is also a great way to sharpen practical skills and build confidence.
To excel in competition law, law students should try to stay updated with the latest developments in the field. The dynamic nature of competition law, with its evolving regulatory frameworks and landmark decisions, demands that professionals remain informed.
I recommend the following resources for staying up-to-date:
Legal Journals and Publications: Regularly reading law journals which provides access to the latest scholarly articles, case law, and regulatory developments in competition law.
Official Websites: Staying connected with institutions like the Competition Commission of India (CCI) and the European Commission’s competition department is crucial. These websites offer updates on policies, decisions, and ongoing cases that shape the competition law landscape.
Books and Treatises: Foundational texts on competition law, such as those by notable scholars like Richard Whish or Eleanor M. Fox, offer in-depth insights into the principles and nuances of competition law, while also serving as reference points for research and practice.
Webinars and Conferences: Actively participating in webinars, conferences, and seminars, whether in person or virtual, is an invaluable way to engage with the legal community and learn directly from experts. Being a frequent speaker myself, I believe these platforms not only offer learning opportunities but also provide students with networking prospects that can be crucial for their careers.
By combining a strong commitment to academic excellence, practical exposure, and consistent engagement with the latest industry resources, law students can position themselves to excel both in the legal profession and in legal research, particularly in specialized areas like competition law.
After managing such demanding professional responsibilities, how do you unwind and relax? Do your hobbies, like chess and cricket, provide a mental break, and in what ways do they contribute to your overall well-being?
For me, engaging in hobbies like chess and cricket plays a significant role in providing that mental break. These activities not only offer a refreshing escape from the intensity of my professional commitments but also contribute meaningfully to my overall well-being.
Chess is particularly beneficial as it helps me sharpen my focus and strategic thinking. The game requires deep concentration and foresight, which allows me to temporarily step away from legal complexities and immerse myself in a different kind of mental challenge. It also provides a sense of accomplishment when I can improve my skills or solve difficult puzzles. This mental stimulation helps keep my mind agile and balanced, making it easier to return to work with renewed energy and clarity.
Cricket, on the other hand, is a great physical and social outlet. The game allows me to disconnect from the day-to-day stress of my professional life and enjoy time with friends or colleagues. Whether playing or simply watching, cricket offers a great way to relieve stress and foster a sense of camaraderie. Physical activity, whether through a casual match or just active participation, is also essential in promoting physical health, which in turn supports to maintain a stress-free mind.
Both of these hobbies serve as valuable tools for maintaining equilibrium in my life. They provide a structured yet enjoyable way to switch gears, reducing the risk of burnout and improving my productivity when I return to my professional responsibilities. Engaging in activities outside of work also helps me cultivate a sense of joy, creativity, and relaxation, all of which are crucial for maintaining long-term well-being and success.
After completing your law degree in 2012, you decided to pursue a CS qualification. What motivated you to choose law as a career, and how has your CS degree contributed to your professional journey?
I pursued my law and CS degree simultaneously. My father suggested enrolling in CS course alongside law as he had this preconceived notion that students who are academically disinclined, choose law. But as fate would have it, the combination of law and CS turned out to be a powerful skill set for me. During my academic years I began to realise the profound impact of law and how a well-established legal system can be used as a means for promoting social progress and addressing business challenges. After interacting with Company Secretaries, I began to see the role of CS as KMP which puts you in a position to drive and manage the board members/ stakeholders- decision makers and driving force of any corporation. The combination has played an imperative role in my professional journey as it bridges Law and Business. In my shoes of an Inhouse counsel, I can have a broader perspective of business challenges, industry development and how to navigate the business through legal landscape by formulating a strong legal structure for catering to increasing business demands, stakeholders’ investment which comes with potential liability exposure, and compliance requirements.
In the beginning of your career where you assisted clients with secretarial services, corporate structuring, and compliance, what were the key learning experiences that shaped your approach in the early years of your career?
After completing my law and CS degree, I accepted an offer from a corporate consultancy firm Bansal & Co. My initial years in the industry were full of sprits, as I worked with renowned clients with various industries including insurance, pharmaceuticals, food, technology, manufacturing, and education. After a few years I moved to a Fashion TV, Paris (India office) as an assistant legal manager where I spent generous amount of time to learn and understand the complexity and challenges of a foreign entity to establish business in India. In Fashion TV, I was responsible for legal and regulatory compliances associated with business and to safeguard the interests of businesses by being compliant with India’s legal framework.
Early in my career, many of my batchmates joined as fresh graduates in different set ups. But over time, I noticed that only a few of them could survive the harsh reality in the legal profession. The legal field is undeniably demanding and exposes you to its share of challenges. And soon I realized that the only way to address these challenges is by ensuring we stay committed to our respective legal journeys.
My sole motive has been how to align the spirit of law with the business strategic approach to make legal compliance a tool which enables a business to expand and not to be considered as an obstacle. But to implement that It’s also important not to give up, but to keep trying and influencing the business and the leaders and the senior management to bring about the positive and constructive changes which are very good for your organization. Basically, these are some of the learnings and the insights and the trends that I think are extremely important
Having worked at Fashion TV and Bansal & Co. in a Legal Manager & CS role, you transitioned to a law firm later. How did the culture differ between these organisations, and could you share a particularly challenging case you encountered in your time at Gravitas Legal?
Shifting to a Law firm was a life changing decision and was quite a challenging environment to work into. This shift was starkly different from my earlier roles. I have had the privilege of working with exceptional lawyers/ mentors who have been or continue to be part of my journey.
My role at Gravitas Legal proved to be the perfect foundation for the lawyer in me today. They taught me how crucial it is to pay attention to detail in drafting any kind of legal document and application of the law therein. Though it was difficult to manage the demanding nature and expectations of clients, I learned to have a broader and proactive approach to address the complexities of the business propositions which refined my skills. While handling the project finance transactions, I also got an exposure to hard core litigations in insolvency laws and got the opportunity to work on diverse cases which helped me build a strong foundation in corporate laws.
My time in Gravitas was a humbling and eye-opening experience and after spending a few years, began my journey as an in-house counsel, armed with a balanced perspective from both worlds.
In the context of contract management at Meiden T&D, a power transformer manufacturing company, how do you manage dispute resolution and mitigate the risk of litigation through the use of airlock supply contracts, and what strategies are employed to ensure seamless execution while avoiding disputes?
In Meidensha, I am responsible for contract management which includes setting up legal processes and internal policies for all stages of contract including standardisation of all contracts. Being a manufacturing industry, most of our contracts are driven through subcontracting, it leads to many legal complexities and multiple litigations on back-to-back contracts. Such disputes are common in industries like construction, infrastructure, manufacturing, and service contracts where multiple parties are involved in the execution of one project. Hence recognition of legal rights makes it very challenging to litigate and mitigate risk.
I strive to keep a proactive approach while executing the contracts considering the interest of both the parties and allocating the risk equally and fairly between the parties. Our contracts clearly set out terms such as KPI- (Key performance Indicators), clear scope of service, incorporating informal discussions, ADR clauses wherein pre litigation mediation between the parties are encouraged to avoid issues escalating to litigations.
Over the years of my experience in dispute resolution leading to corporate litigation, I have developed an understanding that the fate of any litigation significantly depends on the jurisdiction of the courts that have authority. In India, the judicial process is a long road which is lengthy, costly due to ceiling of counsel’s and court fees. Hence a thorough cost-analysis and financial implications also become part of strategic considerations. Wherever possible, I aim to explore alternative mechanisms for dispute resolution to achieve faster and mutually agreeable outcomes.
However, I strongly pursue litigation cases where the dispute raises an important question of law that requires intervention and adjudication, or where ADR’s method might set an unfavourable precedent, thereby impacting the interests of the company. On the other hand, if the dispute involves a relatively minor contractual issue and resolution is in the best interest of the company, we recommend a settlement route which allows us to mitigate risks, preserve business relationships with our vendors and consumers.
In your current role, how do you maintain operational efficiency and ensure a smooth workflow while preventing burnout within your team?
I believe that an efficient team is an asset and that without collaboration nothing can be achieved at the Lead position where I am today. For optimal efficiency, you have to be able to trust yourself and be extremely energetic while you upskill. I strongly believe It is very important to know your team, their goals, ambitions, strengths and weaknesses and one must really show your team that you love them, and you care for their growth as well. To prevent burn out, I make efforts for effective communication in understanding the personal and professional difficulties my teammates are going through via meetings and get-togethers to build trust and improve relationships.
As the Legal Head and Company Secretary of MEIDEN T&D (INDIA) LIMITED can you elaborate on how you manage your role? How do you stay updated with evolving regulatory requirements?
As a Company Secretary and Legal Head, I am responsible for the overall legal affairs of the company which includes minimising legal risks and to ensure compliances are in order so as for Meidensha to tread along their inspiring journey.
Currently, I am leading a legal and secretarial team of Meidensha Corporation, India, where I oversee both the legal and secretarial functions. I’m responsible for developing the company’s legal strategy, managing risk, and ensuring that our business growth is aligned with legal and regulatory frameworks.
My legal responsibilities are quite broad and include overseeing the legal structure of the Company, mitigating legal risks, managing contracts, and providing guidance on employment law and corporate governance. I also handle regulatory compliance, disputes, and work on arbitrations and litigations. Additionally, I support law enforcement agencies when needed and ensure that compliance management becomes more robust. My role ensures that legal considerations are integrated into decision-making processes, helping drive sustainable growth while managing risks. On the policy front, I’m responsible for drafting, implementing the policies by engaging with regulators and responding to government regulators that affect our business.
For a manufacturing industry, the constant flux of statutory and regulatory regulations makes compliance management quite challenging hence it makes it imperative to be updated and on your toes. I actively pursue to set up a stable legal regulatory framework by being in touch with the industry experts, while preparing the opinion on day-to-day strategic management, by upskilling, by conducting regular audits, by using the compliance management tools etc.
Given the demanding nature of your work environment, how do you manage to balance your professional and personal life? What activities or practices help you unwind and recharge?
It is necessary to complete the work assigned and live up to your professional commitments, but on the other hand you must prioritize your personal life as well. I strongly encourage and maintain a healthy work life balance by setting boundaries at my workplace. I keep an approach to maintain a professional and personal balance by structuring the office work within 9 hours of schedule and not to stress of my work and my professional life in my personal time. When I am not working, I ensure that I spend quality time with my parents, friends, and with my loved ones, when you don’t stress of your work and your professional life.
There are multiple ways to unwind. For me, Unwinding is taking regular mental health breaks by practicing meditation, by indulging in building new skill sets, by regular exercising, by travelling, going on treks, travelling etc.
What advice would you offer to young professionals aspiring to pursue careers in both Company Secretarial and Law, and who are interested in following a path similar to yours?
To all the young minds, please note, pursuing a career in Company Secretarial and Law is a lifelong learning. Law and CS complement each other very well; however, my advice would be to first develop skills and a strong knowledge base, work on your communication/analytical skills and most importantly build a network of mentors for yourself.
Further, I would like to add- Don’t worry about the “How” yet. Don’t get frustrated if you don’t know how, It is not important to know everything at the start. Just take the first step if you have a clear goal in your mind, your path will be shown to you by your perseverance.
With over 25 years of experience across various domains, looking back, what made you initially pursue a career in law and Company Secretaryship subsequently? Could you share some advice for young students who are pursuing multiple qualifications?
My journey into law was inspired by a passion for understanding the complexities of legal systems and their pivotal role in shaping societies. Early on, I recognized the importance of a strong legal foundation in effectively navigating intricate legal and regulatory frameworks. Adding Company Secretaryship to my qualifications was a strategic decision to complement my legal acumen with a deep understanding of corporate governance and compliance. Together, these qualifications provided a holistic skill set to thrive in the corporate legal landscape with confidence.
For young students pursuing multiple qualifications, my advice is to concentrate on creating synergy between their chosen fields. Prioritizing effective time management, maintaining focus, and aligning their learning path with long-term career aspirations are essential. These efforts not only offer a competitive edge but also help cultivate versatile and comprehensive skill sets.
What was unique about the teaching pedagogy of Queen Mary University of London that piqued your interest instead of going with other universities offering similar courses?
Queen Mary University of London stood out due to its rigorous academic environment combined with the institution’s global perspective. Its focus on corporate and commercial law aligned perfectly with my career aspirations. Additionally, the access to renowned faculty and diverse peer interactions enriched my learning experience. India also follows the common law tradition, and hence learning was seamless. The curriculum encouraged critical thinking, problem-solving, and an interdisciplinary approach, all of which have been instrumental in my professional journey.
In your inspiring journey, you have worked as the Legal and Corporate Advisory head of various big companies. What, in your experience, is the future of technology in the field of contract management, compliance, and Data Protection with regards to the changes brought by the DPDP Act?
Technology is reshaping the legal landscape in diverse areas including contract management, compliance, and data protection. Tools like CLM software, compliance management platforms leveraging AI and machine learning could streamline processes, improve accuracy, and mitigate risks. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act emphasizes the need for robust data governance frameworks, and the software tools can significantly enhance capabilities in data privacy, incident response, and compliance monitoring.
Moving forward, the integration of AI, machine learning, blockchain for smart contracts, and enhanced data security protocols will redefine standards in these fields. Legal professionals must embrace these advancements to remain agile and add strategic value.
Heading a law firm specializing in corporate, commercial, securities, finance, and real estate laws and providing strategic counsel to various national and multinational corporations must be a demanding task. What are some of the strategies that you employ to achieve desirable results for your clients?
Delivering optimal results requires a blend of strategic thinking, meticulous preparation, and proactive client engagement. Key strategies include:
Understanding the unique objectives and challenges of each client to craft relevant strategies.
Engaging multidisciplinary teams to provide holistic advice that addresses both legal and business needs.
Focusing on providing solutions rather than being held up at problems.
Staying updated on legal developments and industry trends to anticipate potential challenges and opportunities.
Your expertise extends across diverse sectors, and you have headed various legal and corporate advisory teams over the years. How do you ensure a collaborative and supportive environment within your team?
Fostering a collaborative and supportive environment within a team begins with building trust and ensuring open communication. Setting a clear vision coupled with empowerment of the team plays a crucial role by encouraging team members to take ownership of their responsibilities while providing the necessary guidance and mentorship. A supportive environment thrives on mutual respect and a shared commitment to excellence, ensuring that every member contributes to the overall success.
You must have a fast-paced work schedule as the General Counsel & Company Secretary to Manipal Health Enterprises Pvt. Ltd. How do you manage a work-life balance with a demanding career?
Work-life balance in a demanding career involves setting clear boundaries and prioritizing responsibilities. Time management plays a crucial role, with specific time slots allocated for both professional and personal commitments. Delegation is equally important, as trusting the team to manage responsibilities while maintaining oversight ensures efficiency. Achieving a sustainable balance is an ongoing process that requires adaptability and a conscious effort to stay grounded.
Given your diverse experience, what advice would you give to the young law students who aspire to be successful in the field of corporate governance?
Success in corporate governance demands a combination of technical expertise, ethical integrity, and strategic thinking. My advice to young law students:
Focus on mastering core legal and regulatory principles.
Keep abreast of emerging trends, such as ESG and digital transformation.
Cultivate leadership, communication, and negotiation abilities.
Learn from experienced professionals who can guide your career trajectory.
What has been the most challenging engagement that you have come across in your career in the healthcare sector, and how did you accomplish it?
The most challenging engagement in the healthcare sector was overseeing the acquisition of Columbia Asia Hospitals, particularly during the challenging period of the COVID-19 pandemic. This required conducting thorough due diligence to identify potential risks, navigating negotiation of complex contracts, addressing regulatory compliance across jurisdictions, and ensuring a seamless post-acquisition integration. Effective collaboration with cross-functional teams was crucial to overcoming the obstacles underscoring the importance of adaptability and strategic foresight in executing high-stakes transactions.
In your entrepreneurial venture, you led a boutique law firm specializing in corporate, commercial, securities, finance, and real estate laws. What were the key experiences that made you switch to starting your own practice and then again to working with Manipal Health Enterprises Pvt. Ltd.?
Starting my own practice was driven by a desire for professional independence and the opportunity to build a client-centric firm. It allowed me to explore diverse industries, deepen my expertise, and develop strong client relationships. Transitioning to Manipal Health Enterprises was motivated by the scale and impact of the role. It presented an opportunity to work on transformative projects, such as large-scale acquisitions. This journey underscores the importance of aligning career decisions with both professional aspirations and personal values.
Can you share the pivotal moment or motivation that inspired you to pursue a career in law, and how that decision has shaped your professional journey?
Growing up, I wanted to be many things. At different points, I was certain I wanted to play cricket for India, be a pilot, architect, astronaut, historian etc. I liked science, math, and humanities. I also loved sports and music. My parents allowed me to dream and never really tried to influence me towards a particular profession. I perceived the world as my oyster in an ocean of possibilities.
After finishing my high schooling in India, I went on to pursue my undergraduate studies in the USA from 2007 to 2011, with a full scholarship, double majoring in Economics and International Relations and minoring in mathematics.
Shortly after arriving in college in the US, the global financial crisis hit, with ripple effects felt all over the world, lasting over half a decade. Businesses went insolvent overnight, and tons of people lost jobs. Multiple lawsuits were filed, massive legal battles initiated, and a lot of discourse on what went wrong and who was to blame. While studying international political economies, foreign affairs, corporate finance, and many other fascinating subjects offered by my liberal arts college, I slowly but surely also started developing an interest in law.
After finishing my stint in the USA, I came back to India and pursued the three-year law degree at Government Law College, Mumbai. GLC allowed me to intern in a lot of great law firms while also pursuing my LLB degree.
The rest, as they say, is history!
You are a dual-qualified lawyer, both as an Advocate in India and a Solicitor in England and Wales. Do you think this dual qualification has given you a unique advantage in your career? If yes, how has it shaped your professional approach, and what kind of legal professionals do you think should pursue this path?
Having studied abroad early in my life, I always knew that I would never want to be limited by borders.
The first five years of my law career were spent at Nishith Desai Associates, where I was involved in several complex, cross border disputes spanning multiple jurisdictions. Even during my later stints at CAM and Trilegal, I was part of several foreign seated arbitrations in Singapore, London, Paris, New York all with their own challenges and nuances.
Getting a dual qualification in this increasingly intertwined world and given how my career had begun seemed like the way to go. So, I started looking up options.
At the time, the route to qualification as a Solicitor in England and Wales was known as QLTS. Nowadays, it is known as the SQE route. Pertinently, this route did not require you to compulsorily do an LLM in the UK and spend tons of money. It only required you to ace the two stages of the QLTS exams. The fact that English law is the most used law in multi-jurisdictional transactional documents was another factor in me choosing English law. It also certainly helped that English jurisprudence has developed for almost a millennium, ever since the Magna Carta, and is the genesis of the common law system as we know it today. So, choosing English law was a no brainer.
Studying for the qualification and dealing with the exam format (first stage in India and second in London) was an absolute pleasure. While my experience in some of India’s best law firms has taught me a lot, the rigour of the English law qualification exams truly took my skills and understanding of the first principles to a whole new level. As a newly minted “international lawyer”, I started seeing legal problems with even more clarity. Dissecting complex contracts became simpler. Deconstructing multi-jurisdictional legal quagmires, easier.
I don’t know whether the “dual qualified” brand by itself has given me any specific advantage in my career yet. However, it has certainly advanced my knowledge and better equipped me as a “global lawyer.’
I see that a lot of young lawyers today want to pursue this dual qualification immediately after graduation. I would strongly advise that initially, young lawyers should focus on learning the basics before trying too much “fancy stuff”. Priority should be to get 8-9 years of work experience. Learn as much as possible. See where your career is going, and then do it, if you think it would help you in your line of work.
Doing it with the expectation of some immediate gains may only disappoint you.
Do it as a quest for knowledge, and to challenge yourself, if you must.
Looking back at your experience in international arbitrations under various institutional rules (SIAC, ICC, LCIA), what have been your key learnings, and how do these frameworks differ in practice?
All these international arbitration institutions essentially follow the common principles of ensuring efficient, effective and swift arbitrations, managed in an extremely professional manner. Each rule comes with its own nuances and options offered. Diving into these nuances is an entire subject on its own. All of them offer some of the most advanced features and cutting-edge global practices in arbitration.
My experience in such arbitrations has given me firsthand experience and knowledge in arbitration’s global best practices.
I must mention that I have also done several Indian institutional arbitrations. The facilities and features that they have to offer these days are up there with the best in the world, are far more cost effective, and deliver equally efficient results.
What motivated your transition from starting off at law firms initially to becoming the Head of Litigation at Nuvama Group?
I have spent over a decade in some of India’s best law firms –have had some great mentors over the years, and the experience of some incredible matters along the way. I did not really have a pre-set plan to shift to a corporate in-house role. However, I had noticed of late that more and more companies were seeking to strengthen their legal teams and onboard talent. So, I was never averse to the idea if the right opportunity came along the way.
When this opportunity arose, I could not resist – a challenging role with a great profile, in an exciting and fast-growing industry. Also, I am truly dialled into the India economic growth story. The wealth management and financial sector in my opinion is going to be a front-runner in India’s quest to become an economic superpower this century. Also, I read up about Nuvama and was bought into its mission, vision and culture of excellence. It seemed like an ideal next step in my career where I could also use my multidisciplinary educational qualifications, my keen interest and knowledge in economics and finance, to add value in an exciting company making strides in a cutting-edge sector.
How did your experiences in law firms shape your approach to leading a corporate legal team?
My experience at India’s premier law firms helped me form a sound legal knowledge base, learn high level legal skills and put them into practice. It also instilled in me essential attributes, such as discipline, work ethic, attention to detail and the ability to perform under pressure.
Leading a function in a company requires clever use of “EQ’ along with “IQ”, understanding and coordinating between various functions and finding practical and strategic solutions to the every-day problems faced by companies in highly regulated sectors through a collaborative approach. Having a sound legal knowledge base and sharp skills is very important. You are required to make tough decisions every day to mitigate potential liabilities and protect the company. You may not always have time to do the necessary research and then come back with an answer. Businesses cannot wait too long for answers and solutions, especially in a fast-paced and fast-growing sector.
You are put under the spotlight almost every day and you need to perform with alacrity. You need to provide solutions immediately. If you do not have strong legal principles and skills to back you up, then you will not be able to do the firefighting that the company requires you to do.
It’s been about five months since you transitioned to the corporate world with Nuvama Group. How has your experience been in adapting to the corporate culture compared to your previous experiences in law firms? Do you feel more aligned with the corporate side, or do you still lean towards the law firm environment, and why?
These five months have added a whole new perspective in my approach as a legal professional. I can now see how businesses perceive law firms. Having seen both sides, I am able to identify the gaps in terms of what law firms have to offer, and what businesses truly desire.
In terms of pure work environment, one refreshing difference for me is the variety of people with different educational backgrounds and qualifications that you are surrounded by. In law firms, you are surrounded by mostly lawyers. In my current role, I am interacting with MBAs, CFAs, CAs etc every day.
It’s too soon to say which side I am more aligned to. There is a lot to learn from both sides. What I can certainly say is that these five months have been the most unique in my work experience so far as this is the first time I am working somewhere which is not a law firm. What I have learned in these five months, I haven’t in my decade long experience in law firms. So, I am already a better lawyer now than I was five months ago along with the added wisdom that new and unique experiences and challenges provide.
I believe every lawyer should experience both sides at some point.
With your unique experience across both Indian and international legal landscapes, how do you perceive the evolving role of technology in dispute resolution, particularly in areas like international arbitration and commercial litigation?
One of the main concerns for businesses, while dealing with legal issues, is the costs involved. Technology is already doing a lot in terms of reducing legal costs. Hearings can happen over VC reducing travel costs. The use of technology in online dispute resolution is also quite promising.
Technology will further reduce “billable hours” by using AI to accomplish various more monotonous legal functions. Gone are the days when a law firm could charge a business endless hours for “research” and basic drafting and documentation work.
As technology improves, arbitrations and commercial litigations will continue to become more and more efficient and cost-effective.
In the future, technology and AI , through objective cost-benefit analysis, will help businesses assess whether it is worth fighting a case or merely settling a case through mediations.
The possibilities are endless.
You’ve worked on cases spanning sectors from fintech to renewable energy. How has this diverse exposure shaped your approach to problem-solving, especially in legal situations requiring cross-sectoral knowledge and multi-jurisdictional strategies?
This is another major advantage of starting off your legal career in law firms. You get to work with a diverse set of clients from various sectors. Legal solutions cannot always be black and white. A solution should be practical and enforceable. To be enforceable, they must account for practical realities. To understand these practical realities, it is important to understand the nature and characteristics of the business and the sector that you are dealing with.
Exposure to a diverse set of clients and sectors provides much needed agility and flexibility that is required in today’s world of technological and socio-economic disruptions.
You have represented clients in high-stakes disputes across various forums, including the Supreme Court and High Courts. What advice would you give young lawyers aspiring to excel in the legal field?
Getting the basic habits right very early on in your career is most essential. Be disciplined, have a good work ethic and be an eager learner. Keep yourself up to date with the latest laws, regulations and judgments.
Particularly, young lawyers should note that legal drafting is one of the most difficult skills to acquire. And this skill comes only through practice. So, take up as much drafting work as you can early on. If you are good at drafting, you will eventually get noticed.
As a lawyer, the art of using language is your main weapon. As they say, the pen is mightier than the sword. This is your bazooka! So, hone it as much as you can.
Importantly, young lawyers should be aware that there will be a lot of ups and downs early on in their careers. So, keep your chins up, always find time to unwind and have a good time. Meet friends often and shut off work once or twice a week.
What hobbies or passions do you pursue outside of your legal career, and how do they help you unwind and maintain a healthy work-life balance?
I am a cricket fanatic. However, it is difficult to gather a group of friends all the time to play. So, squash is something I have been playing frequently. I also try and ensure that I put in at least 4-5 rigorous work out sessions in a week. Being physically fit goes a long way in reducing the mental stress at work. It also helps in keeping negativity at bay and getting the positive juices flowing.
Apart from this, I like listening to music and watching shows and movies on OTT platforms.
Having a good work life balance is the most important. No point working hard and for that extra bonus, if at the end of the day, you do not feel mentally and physically at ease.
Work smart, play hard and try and get sufficient down time.
Could you share the story of how you began your career in law? What motivated you to pursue this path, and how has your journey evolved from your early days at Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation Ltd to your current role at Hitachi Energy?
It has been a journey from experiment to passion. Although I had opted for Science and Maths when I was doing higher secondary in School, I was clear I would not pursue engineering and wanted to try my hand at something different. I tried getting admitted to a few merchant navy schools. Thereafter, found law to be an exciting upcoming career choice.
Pursuant to taking exams at various law schools (pre-CLAT era), I was admitted to the National Law University Jodhpur. The Hon’ble Vice Chancellor, Mr. N L Mitra, had a truly inspiring vision for the law school. It was my first meeting with Mr Mitra, post-admission, that gave me confidence that I had made an excellent choice.
I had done my specialization in IPRs and however fate had other plans. I opted to join a company as an in-house counsel. My first job at GSPC Legal Department, taught me the 3 most relevant capabilities, an in-house lawyer should possess (1) Attention to detail (2) Reading the facts at hand, meticulously (3) Research skills.
From GSPC I moved to BHEL at their Corporate Office in New Delhi. BHEL is a mammoth organization, with numerous law officers. The variety of work and the exposure at BHEL was incomparable. I handled numerous disputes along with International arbitrations as well. I had the opportunity to brief and to interact with Senior Counsels quite frequently. 2016, I moved to the Industry Sector Division of BHEL, which was more focused on new businesses and I got to work on agreements pertaining to renewables and e-mobility. This gave a new insight, wherein the focus shifted from being a lawyer to becoming a Business lawyer. Business lawyers are not only supposed to provide opinions in ‘YES’ or ‘NO’, but to provide solutions that can operate in the best interests of the Business.
Same journey of developing self as a specialist Business Lawyer continued to my current role at Hitachi Energy. With the varied experiences of working and Government organisations as well as Private firm, the perspective as a lawyer has improved and the focused attention is on Business requirements, at the same time highlighting the risks involved and providing mitigation solutions to the said risk. Therefore, a journey which had started as a student looking for career choices, to an experienced In-house counsel is enriching and could not have asked for better experience
After completing your law degree, you joined Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Was that simply an opportunity that came your way, or had you already decided that you would focus on corporate legal work rather than pursuing a career in litigation? What factors influenced your choice at that stage?
As I have already mentioned, I chose to join a company as a Corporate Lawyer. I did not want to get into litigation since I don’t belong to a lawyer’s family. During Campus recruitment I got offers from Zydus Cadila and GSPC. GSPC being energy sector, seemed a more lucrative choice. The factors that influenced my choice were (1) Getting a career choice, wherein Litigation is not involved (2) GSPC being in Petroleum/energy sector, which is most promising sector even as on date. (3) Getting to know nuances of working a public sector.
Reflecting on your experience representing NLU Jodhpur in the 12th Inter-American Human Rights Moot Court Competition, how did this experience shape your approach to real-world legal challenges? Do you see any parallels between moot court competitions and your work today?
I went as a researcher and obviously, the experience was outstanding in terms of providing an exposure to interact with teammates from all across the globe. Also, exposure of knowing perspective of international judges and panellists was more than what anyone could have asked as a student. A moot court competition cannot be compared to and real life work, however, if it’s a real life situation or a competition, practice and preparation are the key to be successful in your deliverables.
Given your vast experience in contract negotiations and dispute resolution, what are some of the most significant lessons you’ve learned that you believe could benefit the next generation of legal professionals?
Contract negotiations are not yet that developed in India as compared to Cross jurisdictional negotiations. The opportunity of Legal to Legal interaction is comparatively lesser. From the other party the person negotiating can be Contract Manager, Procurement head or even a Marketing person. Therefore, the key is patience and also translating your legal acumen into a language that is understood by the other person, irrespective of his field. Logical and clearly articulated reasons are the key to successful negotiations.
In case of negotiations with Lawyers, the key is to stick to your course of argument and to provide a reasoning which cannot be denied. Opposite side lawyers are also generally more focussed on resolving the deadlock because that is what is expected in a business organization. Cross Jurisdictional negotiations are generally based on other factors such as culture etc. that can influence the negotiations.
Your experience includes handling both domestic and international arbitrations. How do you approach the complexities of these cases, and what advice would you give to young lawyers aspiring to specialize in arbitration?
It is sad that arbitrations have neither proven to be cost effective, nor do they save on time. We are defending a Section 37 application in respect of arbitration award that was passed 10 years back. As a business organization, the huge costs incurred in Arbitration can be huge hit to the business. Therefore, emphasis should be more on pre-arbitration dispute resolution mechanisms such as mediation/conciliations. The contractual conciliations are also given more importance and the decision of the conciliation panel is also given relevance. All these mechanisms have grown in importance because of the costly resolution that arbitration offers.
How important is it for legal professionals to have a global perspective in today’s interconnected world?
Global perspective is most important for lawyers these days. This not only opens up opportunity for cross jurisdictional hiring, however in a managerial role the expectation is to be conversant with laws of Jurisdictions the business operates. Therefore, it is not an additional qualification but mandatory expectation in a business firm working in different jurisdictions.
Along with the above, India offers a talent HUB who can cater to different Jurisdictions. Like engineers and other professionals, Lawyer Hubs are also being developed across organizations who can cater to different jurisdictions. Young aspirants therefore having cross jurisdictional expertise have good chances of being absorbed in MNCs.
Recovery proceedings and insolvency cases are critical areas of your expertise. How do you navigate the intricate legalities involved in these proceedings, and what role does innovation play in resolving such disputes effectively?
Litigation strategy formation is the key for any success. Once a dispute/situation is at hand, the key is to analyse all the pros and cons and to evaluate best course of action. This analysis includes reviewing the costs involved, the time a probable action would take and also will the desired objective be met if a proceeding is opted. The insolvency although not a recovery proceedings, has been proven to be a very effective measure to deter companies to pay genuine dues. Interim injunctions also have proven to be a effective coercive measure against the parties, so that desired results are obtained.
The legal profession can be demanding and stressful. How do you maintain resilience and mental well-being in such a high-pressure environment? Any hobbies you pursue that help you to unwind?
Mindfulness is key for every lawyer. “We live in times where we forget the Present” . Lawyers are poor listeners and also with the ever increasing pressure, the mind is constantly at work. Therefore, overthinking cannot be avoided. Mindfulness activities such as meditation and other mindful activities can help train the mind to be focussed on the problem at hand. Stress is caused when you are thinking about a problem or for issues you have no control. Once mindfulness is inculcated as part of daily practice, stress can be reduced tremendously. There is also no stress when you actually love what you are doing at work.
Disclaimer – Views expressed are personal to Puneet Vyas and does not represent views of Hitachi Energy.
You pursued your Bachelor of Legal Science and LL.B from Government Law College, Mumbai. Can you walk us through the pivotal moment or experience that led you to choose law as your career path? What inspired you to take up law, and how has that decision shaped your professional journey?
My decision to pursue law was greatly influenced by my father, who is also a lawyer. Following in his footsteps, I decided to study law, which led me to explore opportunities beyond my hometown of Gangtok. With a strong desire to receive a high-quality legal education, I set my sights on the prestigious Government Law College (GLC), Mumbai.
GLC, with its rich heritage and esteemed alumni including Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, Lokmanya Tilak, and Justice M. C. Chagla, among others, stood out as a beacon of legal excellence and securing a seat in the five years B.LS., LLB. degree Course at GLC was a significant challenge, considering the limited availability of seats and the college’s reputation as one of the oldest and reputed law colleges in Asia. For me, being accepted into GLC was a life-changing moment and marked the beginning of an exciting journey into the field of law. As a small-town boy, the opportunity to study at GLC opened doors to a world of knowledge, mentorship, and invaluable experiences that have immensely shaped my career and aspirations in law.
As I progressed through my education, I was fortunate to have opportunities to delve deeper into legal studies and gain practical experience through internships and moot court competitions. These experiences solidified my passion for the subject of law and reinforced my desire to pursue it as a career.
Since making the decision to pursue law, my professional journey has been both challenging and rewarding. It has involved continuous learning and growth. Each step along the way has further shaped my understanding of the law and deepened my commitment to serving organizations through the field of law.
While my journey in the legal profession is still unfolding, I am grateful for the opportunities I have had thus far and excited about the possibilities that lie ahead. I look forward to contributing to the legal profession and making a meaningful impact in the lives of others.
Your journey through various prestigious organizations like JP Morgan Chase, Thomson Reuters, and GroupM showcases a diverse career path. What inspired you to pursue such a varied professional trajectory?
Thank you for noticing the diversity in my professional trajectory. My journey through organizations like JP Morgan Chase, Thomson Reuters, and GroupM and others, has indeed been varied, and each experience has contributed to my growth and development in unique ways.
What inspired me to pursue such a varied career path is a combination of factors, including a thirst for learning, a desire for new challenges, and a curiosity about different industries and sectors. I have always been someone who thrives on variety and enjoys exploring different facets of my interests and skill sets.
Working in organizations across finance, media, IT, real estate, etc., has helped me develop a versatile skill set that I can apply across different domains, from financial analysis and strategic planning to data analytics and marketing.
Moreover, each role I have taken on, has presented its own set of opportunities for personal and professional growth. Whether it is navigating the fast-paced environment of a financial institution, staying ahead of industry trends in media and advertising, or leveraging data and technology to drive business outcomes, I have embraced each challenge as a chance to expand my knowledge and expertise.
Ultimately, I believe that a varied career path not only keeps things interesting but also allows for greater adaptability and resilience in an ever-changing professional landscape. By seeking out diverse experiences and continuously pushing myself out of my comfort zone, I am able to stay agile and open to new opportunities that come my way.
While my journey may seem unconventional to some, I see it as a reflection of my willingness to explore, grow, and evolve as a professional. I’m excited about the possibilities that lie ahead and look forward to continuing to learn, innovate, and make a positive impact wherever my career takes me.”
As someone who has worked extensively across different sectors including Real Estate & Construction, Media & Entertainment, Information & Technology, and Labour & Employment, how do you navigate the complexities of each industry’s legal landscape?
Navigating the complexities of legal landscapes across diverse industries such as Real Estate & Construction, Media & Entertainment, Information & Technology, etc., has been both challenging and rewarding. Each sector presents its own unique set of legal considerations, regulations, and challenges, requiring a nuanced approach to ensure compliance and mitigate risks effectively.
In my experience, the key to navigating these complexities lies in a combination of thorough research, ongoing education, collaboration with industry experts, and a proactive approach to staying informed about emerging trends and regulatory changes.
First and foremost, understanding the specific legal frameworks and regulations governing each industry is essential. This involves conducting comprehensive research and analysis to familiarize oneself with industry-specific laws, standards, and best practices.
Additionally, staying abreast of legal developments through continuous learning and professional development is crucial. Whether it is attending industry conferences, participating in relevant workshops, or engaging in ongoing legal education courses, staying informed about the latest trends and changes in the legal landscape is essential for effective navigation.
Collaboration with industry experts, including legal counsels specialized in each respective sector, can also provide valuable insights and guidance. By leveraging their expertise and staying connected to industry networks, one can gain a deeper understanding of industry-specific challenges and opportunities.
Furthermore, as an in-house counsel, maintaining open communication and collaboration with internal stakeholders across different departments or business units is essential. By fostering cross-functional collaboration, legal professionals can gain valuable insights into the unique needs and priorities of each sector within the organization, enabling them to tailor their legal strategies accordingly.
Ultimately, successful navigation of the legal landscape across diverse industries requires adaptability, agility, and a proactive approach to addressing legal challenges and opportunities as they arise. By staying informed, collaborating with industry experts, and maintaining open communication with stakeholders, legal professionals can effectively navigate the complexities of each industry’s legal landscape and contribute to the overall success of the organization.
With your background in Financial Advisory Services at JP Morgan Chase, how do you think the financial industry has evolved in terms of legal compliance and risk management since you started your career?
There has been significant evolution in terms of legal compliance and risk management within the financial industry over the years. Since the beginning of my career, there have been notable shifts driven by regulatory reforms, technological advancements, and changes in market dynamics.
One of the most significant changes in the financial industry has been the tightening of regulatory frameworks following the global financial crisis of 2008. Regulators worldwide have implemented stricter rules and regulations aimed at enhancing transparency, stability, and consumer protection. This has necessitated a greater focus on legal compliance and risk management within financial institutions.
In response to these regulatory reforms, financial institutions have invested heavily in compliance infrastructure and risk management systems. There has been a growing emphasis on implementing robust compliance programs, conducting thorough risk assessments, and establishing effective internal controls to mitigate legal and regulatory risks.
During my stint with Thomson Reuters Pangea3, I was a crucial member of the Corporate Governance, Risk Management & Compliance team, where I played a key role in successfully spearheading several pilot projects related to legal compliance & risk management for many prominent financial institutions such as Barclays, Credit Suisse, Deutsche Bank, etc., which are now considered as benchmarks in the industry. For this contribution I was fortunate to be bestowed with the Leadership Award, 2012 by Thomson Reuters.
Furthermore, advancements in technology have played a pivotal role in transforming how legal compliance and risk management are approached within the financial industry. The adoption of innovative technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analytics has enabled financial institutions to enhance their risk identification and monitoring capabilities. These technologies enable more proactive and data-driven approaches to compliance and risk management, allowing institutions to identify potential issues more efficiently and effectively.
Additionally, there has been a greater recognition of the interconnectedness of legal, compliance, and risk functions within financial institutions. Collaboration between these functions has become increasingly important to ensure a holistic approach to managing risks and complying with regulatory requirements. Cross-functional teams work together to assess risks, develop compliance strategies, and implement controls that align with both legal and business objectives.
As the Head of Legal at Sahakar Group, what are the key legal challenges you encounter in the user fee collection and renewable energy sectors, and how do you address them?
As the Head of Legal at Sahakar Group, I encounter several key legal challenges in both the user fee collection and renewable energy sectors. In the user fee collection sector, we work along with several government authorities across the country such as the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI), Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD), Uttar Pradesh Expressways Industrial Development Authority (UPEIDA), Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation (MSRDC), etc., and some of the main challenges include ensuring compliance with regulations governing fee collection, addressing disputes related to labour, contract terms with the authorities, and safeguarding customer data and privacy.
To address these challenges, I work closely with relevant stakeholders within the organization to ensure that our fee collection processes and practices are fully compliant with applicable laws and regulations in addition to the requirement of the contracts with the authorities. This may involve conducting regular audits, staying updated on regulatory changes, and implementing robust internal controls to mitigate legal risks.
Furthermore, I place a strong emphasis on data privacy and security measures to protect customer information from unauthorized access or breaches. This includes implementing stringent data protection policies, ensuring compliance with data privacy regulations, and investing in secure technology infrastructure to safeguard sensitive customer data.
In the renewable energy sector, key legal challenges often revolve around regulatory compliance, permits and licensing requirements, land acquisition issues, and contractual negotiations with suppliers or project partners.
To address these challenges, I collaborate closely with our internal teams & stakeholders to ensure that our projects adhere to all relevant regulatory requirements and obtain necessary permits and licenses in a timely manner. This may involve engaging with regulatory authorities, conducting thorough due diligence on land acquisition processes, and negotiating contracts with suppliers or project partners to ensure favourable terms and mitigate legal risks.
Additionally, I stay informed about emerging legal trends and developments including changes to government incentives or subsidies, evolving environmental regulations, and industry best practices. By staying proactive and adaptable, we can effectively navigate the legal landscape in the renewable energy sector and position our company for continued success in this rapidly growing industry.
Overall, by addressing these key legal challenges head-on and implementing proactive legal strategies, I aim to support Sahakar Group’s business objectives while ensuring compliance with legal and regulatory requirements in both the user fee collection and renewable energy sectors.
Outside of your professional endeavors, do you have any personal hobbies or interests that you find particularly fulfilling or rejuvenating? How do you balance your work and personal life?
Outside of my professional endeavors, I do have several personal hobbies and interests that I find fulfilling and rejuvenating. Since I belong from the hills, one of my passions is spending time in nature and travelling. There is something incredibly therapeutic about immersing myself in the outdoors, whether it is exploring local trails, camping in remote wilderness areas, or simply taking a leisurely stroll through a nearby park. Connecting with nature helps me recharge and gain perspective, allowing me to return to my work with renewed energy and focus.
Balancing my work and personal life is essential for my overall well-being and happiness. To achieve this balance, I prioritize time management and boundary-setting. I allocate specific time slots for work-related tasks and responsibilities, ensuring that I stay focused and productive during designated work hours. At the same time, I make a conscious effort to carve out time for my personal interests and hobbies, treating them as non-negotiable appointments in my schedule, all of which help me recharge and rejuvenate both mentally and physically.
For aspiring legal professionals, especially those entering the field today, what advice would you give them to navigate the complexities of the legal landscape and build a successful career?
The legal landscape is constantly evolving, with new laws, regulations, and precedents emerging regularly. Therefore, it is essential to prioritize lifelong learning and stay updated on legal developments in your practice area. This can involve attending seminars, workshops, and legal conferences, as well as reading legal publications and engaging in ongoing professional development opportunities.
While it is important to have a broad understanding of the law, one may consider specializing in a specific practice area that aligns with his/her interests and strengths. Developing expertise in a particular niche can set a person apart from others and position him/her as a sought-after legal professional in that field.
Further, building a strong professional network is crucial for success in the legal industry. Taking advantage of networking events, bar association meetings, and alumni gatherings to connect with fellow legal professionals, mentors, and potential clients can be highly beneficial. Also we should look to cultivate genuine relationships and seek opportunities to collaborate and learn from others in our network.
Another important thing to note is that theory is important, however practical experience is invaluable. As such, you should seek out internships, clerkships, or volunteer opportunities to gain hands-on experience in legal settings. Whether it is drafting contracts, conducting legal research, or appearing in court, practical experience will not only enhance your skills but also provide valuable insights into the day-to-day realities of legal practice.
Last but not the least, upholding ethical standards is fundamental to the practice of law. Always prioritize honesty, integrity, and professionalism in your interactions with clients, colleagues, and the judiciary. Adhering to ethical principles not only fosters trust and credibility but also protects your reputation as a legal professional.
By following these pieces of advice and remaining committed to your professional growth and development, you can navigate the complexities of the legal landscape and build a successful and fulfilling career in the field of law.
With your extensive experience spanning various sectors of law, from financial services to media and real estate, could you share with us which area of law you are particularly passionate about? What drives your interest in that specific field?
One of the main lines of business of Sahakar group is real estate and construction and I have worked on several construction & re-development projects in the organization. As such, my particular area of interest in law has now become real estate and construction. What drives my passion for this field is the tangible impact it has on communities, economies, and the built environment, as well as the intricate legal frameworks that govern property rights, development projects, and transactions.
Real estate and construction law encompass a wide range of legal issues, including property transactions, land use regulations, zoning laws, construction contracts, environmental compliance, and dispute resolution. As someone who is fascinated by the intersection of law, business, and urban development, I am drawn to the complex legal challenges and opportunities that arise in this field.
One aspect that particularly excites me about real estate and construction law is its role in shaping the physical landscape of our cities and neighbourhoods. From acquisition and development of properties, negotiating construction contracts for large-scale projects, or navigating regulatory hurdles in land use and zoning, real estate and construction law plays a critical role in facilitating growth, infrastructure development, and urban revitalization.
Moreover, I am passionate about the economic and social implications of real estate and construction activities, including issues of affordable housing, sustainable development, and community engagement. Real estate and construction law intersects with broader societal goals such as environmental sustainability, social equity, and economic development, providing opportunities to address pressing challenges and promote positive outcomes for communities and stakeholders.
Overall, my interest in real estate and construction law stems from a desire to leverage my legal expertise to address complex issues related to property rights, development, and urban planning. By working in this field, I am able to contribute to the responsible and sustainable growth of our built environment while also advocating for the interests of clients, communities, and the public good.
Being honored with the Lex Falcon Global Award and recognized as one of the Top Ten Chief Legal Officers of 2023 is truly remarkable. Could you share with us a pivotal moment in your career that you believe contributed to these accolades?
Thank you for your kind words. Being honored with the Lex Falcon Global Award and recognized as one of the Top Ten Chief Legal Officers of 2023 was indeed a humbling and gratifying experience for me. Reflecting on my career journey, I believe there have been several pivotal moments that have contributed to these accolades. On several occasions I was fortunate to get the opportunity to demonstrate leadership, strategic vision, and legal acumen in the organizations that I was associated with, which have ultimately led to the recognition I received with the Lex Falcon Global Award and recognition as one of the Top Ten Chief Legal Officers of 2023. These accolades remind me of the hard work, dedication, and passion that I have always endeavoured to bring to my role as a legal professional, and I am grateful for the opportunity to make a positive impact in the legal field
