Super Lawyer

Tag: senior legal counsel

  • “Customs law comprises multiple notifications, regulations, and exceptions which are very dynamic in nature. Reading and only reading has helped me to forego the challenges.” – Pankaj Kumar, Sr. Legal Counsel and Department Head at Maruti Suzuki India Limited

    “Customs law comprises multiple notifications, regulations, and exceptions which are very dynamic in nature. Reading and only reading has helped me to forego the challenges.” – Pankaj Kumar, Sr. Legal Counsel and Department Head at Maruti Suzuki India Limited

    This interview has been published by Namrata Singh and The SuperLawyer Team

    Could you please tell us about your journey from your early days at DAV Jawahar Vidya Mandir to becoming the Sr. Legal Counsel and Department Head at Maruti Suzuki India Limited? What motivated you to pursue a career in law?  Please share your journey from your choosing law as a career to where you have reached today.

    During my school days the priority for almost all the parents was to get their children to pursue engineering. The same mindset used to flow down to the children. I was not an exception to it. After my matriculation, opting for science stream was an obvious choice for me. I took up mathematics but thankfully I could not get much clarity on concepts of physics, chemistry and math which allowed me to look for a career beyond engineering. I used to read newspapers and take interest in societal and government affairs, and hence my inclination was towards journalism. However, one fine day my father informed me that one of his colleagues is getting his ward admitted to law. That clicked with me and after a few days I asked my father to explore the possibility of my admission as well. That suddenly changed my track, and I ended up taking law.

    Once I started college, I was cognizant that it was the second and the last opportunity for me to build my career and there wouldn’t be any third chance. This resulted in a sense of fear as well. I started exploring options available in the legal profession and resultantly started doing internships. I ended up doing 14 internships during my 5 years stint which gave me exposure to a variety of laws ranging from Competition law, FEMA, IP, SEBI regulations, IT laws etc. However, during 2009 recession hit the globe including India and hardly there were available jobs in the market. Fortunately, Bajaj Allianz agreed for campus recruitment from our college, and I too got an opportunity to face the interview. I got selected which relieved me from the stress of getting a job. But the catch was that I was not aware about the job profile and the place of work, but I was excited to join irrespective of what I will be doing. Just a week before the scheduled date of joining, I was informed that I have to join the Raipur office which was a shock but at the same time I was grateful that at least I didn’t have to wait for a job. At Bajaj Allianz I gained excellent exposure to handle litigations, to appear before courts, to draft petitions etc. I learned CPC, Cr.PC, Evidence to which I never had paid attention during my college days. After 2+ years, in order to move to a bigger city, I looked for a change and I switched to ICICI Lombard at New Delhi. However, though insurance was a new subject for me, I exhausted all opportunities to learn insurance laws and at the same time continued reading the laws of my interest which I had developed during my internships. I got an opportunity to work with a law firm as a litigation counsel but due to internal business rearrangement at the firm, I could not continue for long and I ended up going back to insurance and joined HDFC ERGO General insurance as zonal head. Gradually I developed my team over there and handled various matters at all levels of courts spread across north India. Finally, after spending half a decade, I got an opportunity at Maruti Suzuki where initially I handled litigations which were of similar nature. After a while, I was elevated as Department Head at Maruti Suzuki and my then superior and General Counsel gave me the charge of handling matters and advisories relating to Competition law, Metrology, IBC, Customs and other corporate legal issues. My internship exposure and core interest in corporate laws had driven me to accept the challenge and in fact acted as impetus for me to deliver as well.

    As the head of the Dispute Prevention & Advisory team at Maruti Suzuki, what are some of the most complex legal issues you’ve had to address, and how do you prioritize and manage these challenges? 

    There are many complex legal issues that I am currently dealing with. One area which I consider as a challenge is Customs litigation. Customs law comprises multiple notifications, regulations and exceptions which are very dynamic in nature. So no process or approach, which though being followed in an organization for a long time, can be called the right approach since with one small change in law, the entire process/approach may become redundant. The area was new to me but reading and only reading has helped me to forego the challenges. Priority management is a common challenge for everyone. In such situations, it is important to identify what all things will have a greater impact on the management. Accordingly, priorities are to be set. 

    How has your experience in a law firm influenced your approach to legal counsel in the corporate environment?

    I have gained almost 12 months of law firm experience as an intern and almost similar length of experience in working in a law firm. Though the time period is very short as compared to my overall working experience, it has helped me to understand the psychology of the other side. The law firm experience helps me a lot while partnering with law firms in any matter. I believe such experience gives comfort to both clients as well as law firms and the end result that comes out is in the best interest of the organization.

    Having transitioned from the insurance sector, where you worked with companies like Bajaj Allianz, ICICI Lombard, and HDFC ERGO, to now being with Maruti Suzuki in the automobile industry for the past five years, what were the major differences or challenges you faced? How did you adapt your legal strategies to meet the distinct needs of the automobile sector?

    In fact there was a three tier transition. From corporate internships in law firms to the insurance sector and then to automobiles. All the transitions were challenging. However, my learnings at the insurance sector gave me the dimension to understand the litigation and procedural laws which is very important for becoming a general counsel. Though there was a sudden shift in industry, it did not trouble me much. Firstly, because I already had exposure to laws I am dealing with at Maruti and I got to know that if the fundamentals in law are clear, it hardly matters as to which industry you are catering to. A bit of more reading will be sufficient to adjust in a new environment. The major difference I faced while moving from the insurance industry to auto is in terms of length and breadth of applicable laws. In the insurance sector, knowing four to five legislations will be sufficient, however in the auto sector more than 1000 legislation is applicable and if you are in a function of dispute prevention then you have to be ready to deal with any issue which will come to your table. The only strategy that works is to have motivation and a go to team which loves reading law. I am fortunate to have team members with a like minded approach.

    During your internships with prestigious law firms such as Trilegal, J Sagar Associates, and Nishith Desai Associates, how did these experiences shape your career trajectory? Could you share insights into how you secured these internships and what qualities you believe these firms value most in candidates seeking to intern or work with them?

    The internship experiences have contributed a lot to my career. It gave me a horizon to think beyond what is taught in colleges. It gave me the push to keep myself updated on corporate legal affairs which resulted in my developing interest in reading Economic Times since I was in my third year. On securing internships at prestigious law firms, I think my then existing internship and the assignments I had taken up there played a vital role. At law firms like Nishith Desai and Lexygen, I had to face interviews. Since my areas of interests, publication works and assignments undertaken during past internships, as mentioned in my CV, were aligned with the practice area of the law firm, it resulted in my selection. I believe these firms assess your focus area and some evidence in your CV to corroborate with your focus area while selecting the candidate for internship. Error free cover letter/email application and crisp but impactful CV do play a vital role in selection.

    Over the years, how have you seen the legal landscape evolve in areas like Competition law, Insolvency & Bankruptcy, and Legal Metrology? What future trends do you foresee? 

    I believe Competition and Insolvency laws are still in a nascent stage but are evolving fast with time. The recent amendment in Competition law has brought Indian Competition law regime almost at par with global practices. Whereas introduction of Digital Competition Bill shows how India has become futuristic and can lead the world. The stringent provisions as well as recent actions taken by CCI have made the corporates extremely cautious with respect to Competition law compliances. Insolvency law is assisting in revival of struggling corporates however there are various challenges being faced by RPs as well as creditors due to the complex nature of transactions happening in today’s business landscape. There have been frequent amendments and landmark judgments setting right the current law, however I believe that there is a long way to go for a stable legislation on insolvency. Metrology law is somewhat stable with changes being brought in to suit today’s business needs. However, there is a strong need to decriminalize the law completely to prevent the misuse of inspector raj in today’s world.

    Outside of your professional life, what personal interests or hobbies do you pursue, and how do they contribute to your overall well-being and effectiveness in your legal career?

    After office hours there is hardly any time left to think about hobbies. With a small kid at home, it becomes very difficult to pursue my hobbies. Right now, I have made it my hobby to spend maximum time with my kid which also contributes as a stress buster and keeps me rejuvenated which in turn increases my productivity and focus at work.

    What advice would you give to young legal professionals aspiring to reach a senior position in a large organization? What skills and experiences do you believe are crucial for success? 

    It is very important for young legal professionals to first realize that during the initial phase of professional life there is ample time to learn and enhance skills. Learnings can be enhanced by writing articles/blogs/judgment analysis etc. After identification of any particular area of law, one should write on any trendy issue related to that area of law. Such writing requires deep analysis and research which in turn makes the learning forever. One should then focus on perfectionism i.e. flawless writing skills, whether it is email writing, opinion or any drafting. These initial learnings make a big impact at a later stage of the career. One must understand that at a senior position, you will hardly get time to learn and only the knowledge and skills developed during the initial stage of your career will help in the long run.

    Given your extensive experience, are there any innovative approaches or methodologies you’ve adopted in legal practice or dispute resolution that have yielded unexpected successes or efficiencies?

    As an in-house counsel, it is very critical to have legal as well as business acumen. While I am a lawyer, I have to be cognizant that I am also part of an organization and hence have adopted an approach which is a blend of legal as well as business skills. As an in-house counsel, one does not deal with clients but stakeholders. With this approach, you will give comfort to your stakeholders and ultimately fulfill the organization’s objective. My approach is to partner with business for fulfillment of the organization’s broad goal. This approach has yielded a good and healthy work atmosphere and gained the trust of stakeholders. Once your stakeholders look up to you for any solution, it gives immense satisfaction.

    Get in touch with Pankaj Kumar-

  • “If I were to offer advice to the next generation aspiring to build a successful career in law, it’ll be to focus on three essential principles – adaptability, continuous learning and ethical grounding.” – Raunak Bapna, Senior Legal Counsel at Philips

    “If I were to offer advice to the next generation aspiring to build a successful career in law, it’ll be to focus on three essential principles – adaptability, continuous learning and ethical grounding.” – Raunak Bapna, Senior Legal Counsel at Philips

    This interview has been published by Namrata Singh and The SuperLawyer Team

    Raunak, could you please take us through your journey from college to where you are today? How was your experience at Symbiosis Law School, and what inspired you to pursue a career in law? Can you share how you started your career after graduating and the pivotal moments that shaped your professional trajectory?

    As a first-generation lawyer, my journey into the legal profession was not inspired by family tradition but by a keen observation of the law’s impact as an outsider. My time at Symbiosis Law School, Pune (SLS) was transformative, providing me with a great academic foundation.

    Upon graduation, I joined a mid-size full-service law firm where I spent 7 years. This period was not only formative but also deeply influential, helping me grow into the professional that I am today. It was here that I developed a nuanced appreciation for the law’s intricacies and its real-world applications. The challenges I faced and the successes I celebrated at the firm built my confidence and sharpened my expertise.

    My subsequent transition to in-house roles began with Ola Electric, a multi-billion dollar start-up at the forefront of India’s electric mobility space. Joining Ola Electric in its nascent stages was a ground-breaking shift. I witnessed and contributed to pivotal moments: from the construction of the factory to the launch of its first electric two-wheeler. Following my tenure at Ola, I joined Tala, an American fintech company, as their primary counsel for the India region. Tala, already a successful entity in Kenya, Mexico and the Philippines, was looking to replicate its success in India – its newest market at the time. My role involved establishing legal frameworks that accommodated the local regulations while supporting Tala’s mission of financial inclusion.

    Most recently, I joined Philips as their counsel for the Indian Subcontinent region – where I am tasked with guiding the organization through the legalities of the healthcare and technology sectors while also supporting Philips’ mission of improving billions of lives through meaningful innovation. 

    Your role at Philips involves managing legal affairs across the Indian Subcontinent. What are some unique challenges you’ve faced in navigating legal landscapes in different regions, and how do you ensure consistency in legal practices across borders?

    That’s a great question. One of the unique challenges you face is the variance in legal standards and practices across different countries. For instance, the regulatory requirements in India can differ significantly from those in neighboring countries like Bangladesh or Sri Lanka, particularly in areas such as consumer protection, data privacy, and healthcare regulations.

    To effectively manage these differences, you rely on a combination of strategies. First, you maintain a robust network of local legal experts in each country. Second, you leverage technology to streamline communication and document management across countries. Lastly, you place a strong emphasis on proactive compliance. This involves not just adhering to current laws but anticipating potential legislative changes that could impact our operations. 

    Transitioning from a law firm to in-house counsel often involves a shift in perspective. What are some of the major differences you’ve noticed, and how has this transition influenced your approach to legal counsel?

    Transitioning from a law firm to an in-house role indeed marked a significant shift in my perspective and approach towards legal practice. At a law firm, the focus is often on providing specialized legal advice to multiple clients on a case-by-case basis – with a broad spectrum of legal issues presented by each client.

    In contrast, as in-house counsel, my role extends beyond legal counsel to being a strategic partner for the business. Here, the focus shifts towards understanding the business’ objectives comprehensively and integrating legal considerations into the broader business strategy. One of the major differences that I’ve personally noticed is the need for a more proactive approach to legal issues. Rather than reacting to legal challenges as they may arise, my role involves anticipating potential legal risks and implementing strategies to mitigate them before they impact the business.

    Another significant difference is the depth of involvement in one organization’s operations and its success. This deep-dive into the business also fosters a greater alignment of the legal function with the organization’s long-term strategies.

    As to how this transition has influenced my approach, I’d say it has done so in several ways. I’ve become more integrative in my thinking, always considering the legal implications of business decisions not just from a compliance standpoint but from a strategic and operational perspective as well. I’ve also cultivated a more collaborative approach, working closely with various departments to ensure that legal considerations are embedded in the early stages of business planning and decision-making.

    Overall, the move to an in-house role has greatly enriched my professional experience, enhancing my ability to contribute not only legally but also strategically to the growth and success of the organization. 

    Apart from your professional endeavors, do you have any personal hobbies or interests that you enjoy pursuing outside of work? How do you find balance between your personal and professional life?

    As someone who has a hard time switching off from work mode, it’s a continuous challenge, but I try. My love for cricket, movies, and travelling provides me with much-needed downtime when the legal world starts to overwhelm.

    Finding this balance between personal and professional life is a bit like being a juggler at a circus – it requires patience, timing and occasionally, picking up things that I’ve dropped. But it’s always worth the effort to keep all the balls in the air. 

    Reflecting on your journey so far, what advice would you give to the current generation aspiring to build a successful career in law, especially in the dynamic landscape of corporate counsel?

    If I were to offer advice to the next generation aspiring to build a successful career in law, it’ll be to focus on three essential principles – adaptability, continuous learning and ethical grounding.

    Adaptability is crucial – being able to pivot and embrace change is not just helpful but necessary. Continuous learning is equally important – staying updated and informed with the latest legal developments, understanding new business models, and even gaining knowledge in related fields such as technology can vastly engage your capability to provide comprehensive counsel. Lastly, maintain a strong ethical foundation – as you’ll often find yourselves balancing business objectives with legal requirements.

    I’m no expert at this but building a successful career in law is more of a marathon than a sprint. The journey is long and sometimes daunting, even frustrating, but immensely fulfilling for those who are committed. 

    As a senior legal counsel, you’ve undoubtedly faced complex legal issues. How do you approach problem-solving in such situations, and what role does collaboration play in finding effective solutions?

    One fundamental aspect of my approach is recognizing that there is no one-size-fits-all, or straight-jacket formula, for solving legal issues. Each challenge is unique and demands a solution that considers the specific circumstances and needs of the business. This understanding drives my problem-solving process: identifying possible outcomes, assessing the risks associated with each, and weighing them against the legal and business objectives of the organization.

    Collaboration is integral to this process. Legal issues rarely exist in a vacuum—they intersect with various aspects of business operations, from finance and human resources to marketing and beyond. Engaging with stakeholders across departments not only provides additional perspectives but also ensures that the solutions developed are comprehensive and pragmatic.

    Could you share with us the importance of internships during the early stages of a legal career? How did your own internships shape your professional journey, and what advice would you give to law students or young professionals seeking meaningful internships to kickstart their careers?

    Internships are invaluable as they offer a first-hand glimpse into the practical aspects of law that are often not addressed in the classroom. My own internships were instrumental in shaping my professional journey, providing me with a foundation of real-world experiences that I could build upon in my subsequent roles.

    For law students seeking meaningful internships, my advice would be to approach this search with both openness and strategic focus. Be open to exploring diverse legal fields and organizations, from small firms to large multinational corporations. Each setting offers unique learning opportunities and can help clarify your career interests and goals.

    Simultaneously, be strategic in your approach by seeking internships that align with your long-term career aspirations. Research about firms or organizations that are known for their work in your areas of interest and strive to connect with professionals working there. Networking can be a powerful tool in securing internships; don’t hesitate to reach out to alumni, professors, or family friends who might help with introductions or advice.

    Get in touch with Raunak Bapna-

  • “With dedication and active involvement, success in the legal profession is not only achievable but also immensely fulfilling”-Rajiv Mandal ,Senior Legal Counsel – Flipkart 

    “With dedication and active involvement, success in the legal profession is not only achievable but also immensely fulfilling”-Rajiv Mandal ,Senior Legal Counsel – Flipkart 

    This Interview has been published by Pragya Chandni and The SuperLawyer Team

    Can you please share more about your upbringing in a rural village near the Parasnath Hills in Jharkhand? How did your family’s emphasis on education influence your decision to pursue a legal career?

    I was born in a remote village near the ‘Parasnath Hills’ in Giridih district of Jharkhand; I could never have imagined that one day I would call a bustling city like Bangalore my home. I was raised amidst a community where agriculture and daily wage labor were the primary means of sustenance. However, I was fortunate to be born into a family that placed great emphasis on education.  

    My father, a criminal lawyer, held firm to the belief that all his children should receive a proper education. Yet, in a middle-class joint family with my father as the sole breadwinner, this aspiration was not without its challenges. Consequently, to manage our agricultural responsibilities, my mother stayed back in the village while my father practiced law in Giridih town, thirty kilometers away.   

    Witnessing my father’s dedication to his legal practice from a young age deeply influenced my career aspirations. I admired his commitment to justice and the way he prepared for his cases. It ignited within me the desire to follow in his footsteps and pursue a career in law, a dream shared by both my father and myself.  

    Transitioning from a small Hindi-medium school to an English-medium institution like BNS DAV Public School must have presented its challenges. How did this transition impact your academic journey and your consideration of engineering as an alternative career option?

    Navigating through my educational journey posed its unique set of challenges, primarily stemming from financial constraints and the dynamics of belonging to a large joint family of twelve members. I commenced my schooling at a modest Hindi-medium institution nestled near my home in Giridih. There, I diligently pursued my studies up to the 7th grade before transitioning to Saraswati Shishu Vidya Mandir (SSVM), a semi-English medium school, in pursuit of a stronger command over the language. Adapting to SSVM initially proved to be a formidable task as I grappled with the linguistic transition across various subjects. However, through unwavering determination and continuous effort spanning three years from the 8th to the 10th grade, I gradually took hold of the curriculum and achieved good marks in my 10th-grade examinations.  

    Post my matriculation from SSVM, I earned admission to the esteemed ‘BNS DAV Public School’ located in the city, where I completed my 12th grade with a Science stream. Despite nurturing a longstanding aspiration to pursue a career in law, the academic environment at BNS DAV, coupled with the prevalent focus on engineering among my peers and even in two of my elder brothers, prompted me to momentarily entertain the idea of pursuing engineering. In alignment with this shift, I even applied for multiple engineering entrance examinations following the completion of my 12th grade.

    What motivated you to ultimately choose law over engineering, despite the prevailing enthusiasm for engineering studies during your time? 

    From a young age, I held onto a deep-seated desire to walk the path my father paved in the field of law, a dream we both cherished. However, amidst the prevailing fervor for engineering studies in 2009, swayed by the achievements of my peers and elder siblings in engineering, I found myself considering a different direction. I even went as far as clearing a few engineering entrance exams. Nevertheless, my childhood aspiration of becoming a lawyer remained steadfast. After extensive discussions with my father and thorough contemplation of various factors, I made the pivotal decision to pursue law.

    Opting for law over engineering was partly influenced by my struggles with mathematics. Recognizing my proficiency in literature, I believed law would better suit my strengths. Additionally, having my father, a seasoned lawyer, as a mentor was a compelling factor. His guidance and support would prove invaluable in navigating the complexities of legal studies and building a career in the field.

    In retrospect, choosing law has proven to be a wise decision. I flourished academically in my legal studies, reaffirming my passion for the subject matter. 

    Could you describe your experience studying law at M.S. Ramaiah College of Law in Bangalore? How did this experience prepare you for your career in the legal field? 

    Commencing my legal education journey in 2010 at M.S. Ramaiah College of Law (MSRCL) in Bangalore was a pivotal moment in my life. Transitioning from a quaint hometown to the bustling city of Bangalore and enrolling in such an esteemed institution like MSRCL brought forth its own set of challenges and opportunities.

    At MSRCL, I was immersed in a comprehensive legal education curriculum that not only familiarized me with various laws but also honed my presentation and negotiation skills. The college’s stringent academic standards, including mandatory attendance and adherence to proper uniform, instilled in me a sense of discipline and professionalism essential for the legal profession.

    Moreover, MSRCL provided a rich array of extracurricular activities such as moot courts, guest lectures, seminars, and legal aid clinics etc., which played a crucial role in shaping my overall personality and preparing me for a successful career in law.

    One particularly valuable aspect of the curriculum was the requirement for students to complete an internship at the end of each semester. These internships not only provided practical exposure to the legal field but also equipped me with invaluable hands-on experience that would prove instrumental in my future endeavors.

    Overall, my time at MSRCL was not only academically enriching but also personally transformative, laying a solid foundation for my journey as a legal professional. 

    You’ve had a diverse range of internships during your academic journey, including at Law Firms, NGO, MNCs, and even at the Karnataka High Court. How did these internships contribute to your understanding of the legal profession? 

    During my time at MSRCL, I found myself grappling with the decision of which career path to pursue: litigation, corporate law, or the judiciary. To gain practical insight and clarity, I embarked on a series of internships across various sectors. I sought experiences with NGOs, MNCs like Reliance, PSUs like SAIL, esteemed Law Firms like Lakshmi Kumaran & Sridharan Attorneys, and even had the privilege of interning at Karnataka High Court and  Giridih District Court. I also had an internship opportunity in the office of the Ex-Additional Solicitor General of India, Mr. K.V. Vishwanathan. Each internship revealed the distinct nature of legal practices, necessitating diverse skill sets and experiences. These internships proved invaluable, offering me first hand exposure to different legal domains and helping me align my interests with a suitable career path.  

    To support myself financially and further augment my practical legal skills, I actively sought out paid internships through our college placement cell. In my penultimate semester, I secured a position as a ‘Research Associate’ at a law firm in Bangalore, which I diligently balanced alongside my academic commitments. This experience proved pivotal in honing my research and analytical skills. This dedication ultimately led to a job offer from Wipro Ltd., secured through our college’s placement program in my final semester.

    Through this journey of internships, part-time roles, and academic pursuits, I have gained a comprehensive understanding of the legal landscape, allowing me to make informed decisions about my future career trajectory.  

    Joining Wipro’s legal team marked your entry into the corporate legal landscape. What were some of the initial challenges you faced in transitioning from academia to corporate practice? 

    Upon joining Wipro’s legal team, I initially grappled with uncertainties about my ability to thrive in the demanding corporate world, which values commitment, negotiation ability, effective communication, and a robust personality. Understanding the intricacies of Wipro’s diverse business operations, learning the drafting, contract negotiation skills, and mastering stakeholder management posed significant challenges at the onset. However, drawing from my past experiences and interactions with individuals from various backgrounds and cultures during my college years, I found myself adept at building relationships with diverse stakeholders, thereby enhancing stakeholder management. While my academic background provided a solid foundation in legal theory, it was immensely fulfilling and intellectually stimulating to witness how these theories seamlessly translated into real-world contract applications. Despite the initial challenges, I remained committed to my work, leveraging dedication and perseverance to excel in my role as a Corporate Lawyer/In-house Legal Counsel at Wipro. 

    As a Senior Legal Counsel at Flipkart, you’re responsible for a wide range of legal matters. Could you walk us through a typical day in your role and some of the key challenges you encounter.

    Working at Flipkart, a leading e-commerce giant in India, offers me a dynamic environment where I encounter fresh challenges and learning opportunities daily. My typical day revolves around the meticulous handling of drafting, reviewing, and negotiating a variety of contracts and legal documents. Additionally, I provide crucial legal advice across a range of matters of the company’s operations to safeguard its interests and mitigate potential risks effectively.   

    A significant aspect of my role involves navigating the intricacies of contract negotiation. This demands not only substantial effort but also a nuanced skill set to ensure that Flipkart operates within legal parameters while minimizing risk exposure. Given the diverse range of categories in which Flipkart operates, innovation is a constant endeavor. Thus, it’s imperative for me, as a Senior Legal Counsel, to stay abreast of evolving laws and regulations to ensure our compliance and guide the company effectively.

    Moreover, effective stakeholder management is also critical as I engage with stakeholders across various categories. This requires adept communication and negotiation skills to foster positive relationships while aligning with Flipkart’s objectives. In essence, my role extends beyond legal expertise; it entails strategic advice and proactive risk management to support Flipkart’s continued success in the dynamic e-commerce landscape.   

    Finally, based on your journey and experiences, what advice would you offer to law graduates aspiring to build successful careers in the legal profession, particularly in navigating the evolving landscape of business and compliance?     

    In the past, it was common for people to regard law as a secondary option for those who struggled academically. However, the modern business landscape highlights the paramount importance of legal compliance, elevating the demand for skilled legal professionals. 

    To law graduates, I offer this advice: Approach your studies with dedication and focus on understanding the core concepts of law rather than simply aiming for high grades. Regular and active participation in classes and extra-curricular activities are essential for success.  

    Furthermore, seek out diverse internship opportunities in areas such as NGOs, MNCs, PSUs, Courts, and Law firms. These experiences will help you discover your strengths and interests within the legal field.  

    Participation in extracurricular activities such as debate competitions, seminars, and moot courts is equally crucial. These engagements foster critical thinking, communication skills, and exposure to real-world legal scenarios. 

    My advice to law graduates echoes the sentiment that dedication and passion are the true determinants of success, regardless of one’s background. Reflecting on my own journey from a challenging rural upbringing to becoming a corporate lawyer in Bangalore, I can attest to the power of perseverance and dedication. Despite facing obstacles, I have been able to carve out a successful career path, working with prestigious organizations such as Wipro Ltd., Biocon Ltd., and Flipkart Internet Pvt. Ltd. 

    Therefore, I encourage law graduates to believe in themselves, seize every opportunity for growth, and pursue their aspirations with determination. With dedication and active involvement, success in the legal profession is not only achievable but also immensely fulfilling.   

    Get in touch with Rajiv Mandal-

  • “All industries today are bound by numerous applicable laws, rules and regulations and strict compliance is not only the need of hour from regulators perspective but also from a perspective of maintaining good business hygiene”- Akanksha Khanna, Senior Legal Counsel at Flipkart

    “All industries today are bound by numerous applicable laws, rules and regulations and strict compliance is not only the need of hour from regulators perspective but also from a perspective of maintaining good business hygiene”- Akanksha Khanna, Senior Legal Counsel at Flipkart

    This Interview has been published by Pragya Chandni and The SuperLawyer Team

    Can you walk us through your journey into the field of law, particularly focusing on how you found your niche in brand protection and litigation counsel?

    Law as a subject had never been on my mind until school. It was a passion for my mother who due to her corporate profile at a major multinational bank and regular interactions with seasoned professionals inspired me to take up law. So, I can easily say law wasn’t planned for me; however, it just happened to me. Having said that, now 11 years down the line, I feel it was a beautiful accident which helped me shape my life both personally and professionally for the better. Being born and brought up in Delhi, I embarked on my journey of law through Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi. 

    My first professional assignment was with Kochhar and Co.; however, owing to my area of interest in IP rights right from college, I made a switch to Saikrishna & Associates, a very well known name in the field of IP laws. It was my stint at Saikrishna & Associates that helped me identify my passion towards brand protection and enforcement of IP rights and eventually into associated litigation. I would take this opportunity to thank my mentor, Mr. Bharatvir Singh (Partner at Saikrishna & Associates) who led me through this journey of brand protection and made me aware of this vast space where brand owners and their niche brands are always at risk due to rampant counterfeiting. His vast experience, expertise and leadership and constant encouragement into direct client dealing made this otherwise difficult ride a smooth one.

    Thereafter I had a stint with Semita Legal, Advocates & Solicitors specializing in litigation and brand protection. It was during the tough COVID-19 times that the brand protection industry faced a tough challenge with ground movements and investigations being restricted. However, it was a great learning time as the industry re-invented with a major focus towards online counterfeiting. While strengthening the IP portfolio at Semita Legal, I was offered an interesting position with Flipkart to look after their litigation and regulatory issues. Hence, I moved to an in-house role to better equip myself with the corporate side of the legal challenges and to better appreciate the business angles and legal nuances.

    With your extensive experience across various industries such as e-commerce, FMCG, media, and apparel, what common challenges have you observed regarding brand protection, and how do you approach addressing them?

    Counterfeiting or sale of dubious quality products is a rampant issue being faced across all industries in general. The foremost sensitization should come to the brands that their goodwill which has been built over years of efforts and constant hustle is at major risk with brand dilution caused by counterfeiters by offering low quality products and ultimately putting the public at risk. Second major challenge is identifying and setting up a robust ground team and training them for identifying both offline and online counterfeits. The primary challenge kicks in when after successfully completing the two stages, the task of involving the law enforcement authorities comes into play. This involves strong liaising with enforcement authorities including Police, sensitising the authorities from time to time about the importance of copyrights and trademarks and the law which empowers them to undertake appropriate actions to curb this menace. We need to have regular interaction with authorities and keep them abreast about the latest developments and training in this space. The major fallout sensed by me when interacting with the authorities is that they feel once brands get their complaints registered, they don’t adequately support the further process of answering notices or attending Court dates. This to a large extent can be controlled by being vigilant to all requests related to complaints received from the authorities and providing them prompt support so that they are also not caught off guard before the Courts. Lastly, regular checks in the market and follow up actions on enforcements already conducted can help mitigate this evil to a large extent.      

    Given your background in handling regulatory matters, could you share some insights into navigating the complexities of compliance in industries with stringent regulations, such as food safety and legal metrology?

    All industries today are bound by numerous applicable laws, rules and regulations and strict compliance is not only the need of hour from regulators perspective but also from a perspective of maintaining good business hygiene. Firstly, we need to set up separate teams to look after the food safety and legal metrology compliances. They need to regularly conduct training at the ground to ensure awareness about the compliance requirements. Having said this, regular checks on the already compiled parameters need to be maintained to ensure non-expiry or any additional requirements that are required to be met. Constant tabs on the daily regulatory updates need to be kept so that the same can be promptly synced in with the business activities to avoid any actions from regulatory authorities by way of combining actions etc.

    Your role involves coordinating with law enforcement authorities and external stakeholders. How do you effectively manage these relationships to ensure swift action against counterfeit activities while maintaining a positive rapport?

    A4. Strong coordination and regular liaising with law enforcement authorities can take you a long time in initiating swift actions against the counterfeit activities. The most effective way to handle this is to always be prompt and responsive to any support being sought from the authorities, whether understanding the law, conducting regular training, providing them prompt responses to notices which ultimately aids in timely filing of chargesheets. Once the authorities develop confidence that proper support has been provided, they equally support in nabbing down the counterfeiters. Basically, it’s two-way traffic and to foster a positive roadmap to curb this menace, we need to be transparent and responsive to each other’s requirements.

    Could you elaborate on your strategies for identifying brand-specific threats and formulating proactive brand protection measures, especially in an increasingly digital landscape where counterfeiting is rampant?

    This requires a multifaceted approach. Here are some strategies: 1. Monitoring and Surveillance – employment of advanced tools and services such as keyword monitoring etc to track online mentions on social media and e-commerce platforms 2. Collaboration with Online Marketplaces for reporting counterfeit listings and consequent takedowns 3. Legal Measures to actively monitor infringements and take legal action against counterfeiters to protect brand’s goodwill and market share 4. Consumer Awareness to identify genuine products and distinguish them from counterfeit ones; provision of information on official websites and packaging about authentication methods etc. 5. Supply Chain Transparency and Security– to prevent unauthorized access to products or intellectual property. Implementation of technologies such as blockchain to track and authenticate products from manufacturing to distribution 6. Dedicated Brand Protection Team to work with specialized professionals that have expertise in identifying and combating counterfeit activities 7. Engagement with Law Enforcement– to investigate and prosecute counterfeiters 8. Continuous Improvement and Adaptation– regularly review and update the brand protection strategies to stay ahead of emerging threats and technologies used by counterfeiters.

    In your experience, what are some key considerations when devising litigation and brand protection strategies for corporate entities, and how do you ensure alignment with their overarching business objectives?

    When devising litigation and brand protection strategies, several key considerations should be taken into account: 1. Intellectual Property Portfolio Assessment including trademarks, copyrights, patents, and trade secrets 2. Risk Assessment to evaluate the potential risks and vulnerabilities faced by the company, including threats from competitors, counterfeiters, and unauthorized use of intellectual property; assess the likelihood of litigation and the potential impact on the company’s reputation, market share, and financials 3. Proactive Monitoring and Enforcement to detect and address instances of infringement, counterfeiting, and unauthorized use of the company’s intellectual property 4. Litigation Strategy Development that aligns with the company’s business objectives and risk tolerance; Factors to be borne in mind include strength of the company’s intellectual property rights, the nature of the infringement, the potential costs and benefits of litigation, and the likelihood of success in court 5. Alternative Dispute Resolution such as mediation or arbitration, as cost-effective alternatives to litigation 6. Continuous Evaluation and Adjustment of brand protection and litigation strategies and make adjustments on a need basis depending on changing business conditions, legal developments, and emerging threats.

    Can you share a memorable case or project where you successfully mitigated risks related to thefts, frauds, or process violations through timely legal intervention? What were the key factors contributing to its success?

    There was a huge theft and shrinkage of materials at the warehouse of a large corporate house wherein prime suspects were internal and contractual workers. A thorough enquiry was conducted, and an FIR was registered. Thereafter with promptness of Police officers and liaising with the legal team, the Police filed a chargesheet before the Court. This enabled the Company to recover the losses through insurance in a time bound manner. 

    Drawing from your journey and expertise, what advice would you offer to fresh law graduates aspiring to specialize in brand protection and litigation counsel roles?

    Fresh law graduates aspiring to specialize in brand protection and litigation counsel roles should foremost develop a strong foundation in IP Law and have a solid understanding of trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets, and related areas of law. They should seek gaining as much practical experience as possible by way of internships, clerkships, or entry-level positions at law firms, corporate legal departments that specialize in intellectual property law or brand protection. Effective brand protection and litigation counsel needs strong research and writing skills to analyse complex legal issues, draft legal documents, and advocate on behalf of clients. Attend industry events, conferences, and networking opportunities to connect with practicing attorneys, legal professionals, and industry experts which helps to stay Informed about industry trends and developments. Most important in this field is to stay ethical and strictly professional in all enforcement related interactions. Integrity and ethical conduct are essential qualities for success in not only the legal profession but any field of work.

    Get in touch with Akanksha Khanna-

  • “Embrace challenges as opportunities for growth, fail fast, and learn from these failures, prioritize ethical practices, and strive for innovative problem-solving to thrive in the evolving legal landscape” – A Conversation with Harshit Ratan, Senior Corporate Counsel, Amazon.

    “Embrace challenges as opportunities for growth, fail fast, and learn from these failures, prioritize ethical practices, and strive for innovative problem-solving to thrive in the evolving legal landscape” – A Conversation with Harshit Ratan, Senior Corporate Counsel, Amazon.

    This interview has been published by Priyanka Karwa and The SuperLawyer Team

    Your journey from Kingfisher Airlines to Amazon is quite diverse. How did your early experiences in aircraft leasing shape your legal career, and what motivated you to transition into the e-commerce landscape?    

    My tenure at Kingfisher Airlines provided a strong foundation in navigating complex contractual arrangements, particularly in the aircraft leasing domain. This experience honed my skills in negotiation, risk assessment, understanding compliance in multiple jurisdictions and introduced me to work in regulated space. The dynamic nature of aviation taught me to adapt swiftly to evolving regulations, contractual intricacies (an eye for detail- what we say crossing your t’s and dotting your I’s) and apply them when such contracts are disputed in litigations. In these formative years, I was blessed to be trained by Clyde & Co. one of the top law firms in aviation finance. Kingfisher, also helped me understand importance of contractual clauses and how different jurisdictions can interpret them differently.  Transitioning to e-commerce was driven by a desire to explore new challenges and contribute legal expertise to a rapidly growing sector, which operated more in the grey due to lack of specific regulations. The burgeoning potential of the digital marketplace, prospect to innovate and contribute to its legal landscape motivated my transition.

    Having worked across various industries, from aviation to FMCG and now e-commerce, how do you adapt your legal strategies to fit the unique challenges each industry presents?

    Working across diverse industries taught me the importance of adapting legal strategies to fit unique challenges. In aviation, process for contract execution and adherence to regulatory compliance were paramount. Moving to FMCG demanded a focus on consumer laws, manufacturing, labor laws and supply chain intricacies. Now, in e-commerce, the emphasis shifts to innovate business structures in absence of specific laws, having high judgement skills and ability to assess risks. Flexibility, understanding industry nuances, and aligning legal strategies with business objectives are crucial elements in navigating these distinct landscapes. Over and above, I believe working in any industry to be an able legal counsel, innate understanding of the business/industry is crucial, each industry is unique in its own way and to understand critical parts of business where we can partner as a counsel is the expectation.  

    You’ve been recognized with awards such as the “Cowboy Award” at Amazon and “Best Employee of the Year” at Kingfisher Airlines. Can you share a memorable moment or achievement that stands out in your career and made you particularly proud?

    Winning the “Cowboy Award” at Amazon was truly a standout moment. It recognized my collaborative effort in successfully restructuring the business within challenging timelines. Working cross-functionally and limiting the impact on an ongoing business was complex.  Similarly, being awarded “Best Employee of the Year” at Kingfisher Airlines for spearheading a debt restructuring initiative was a proud moment. While we do so many important issues in our day to day engagements, but some standout given there shear impact on business continuity. These accolades reinforce the value of teamwork, resilience, and innovative problem-solving.

    From your early years negotiating complex agreements in aviation to your current role at Amazon, what have been the most significant lessons you’ve learned, and how have these lessons shaped your approach to legal counsel?

    The journey from being an aviation finance lawyer to my current role taught me the significance of meticulousness, adaptability, and foresight. Understanding the bigger picture while focusing on intricate details, anticipating regulatory changes, and fostering proactive legal strategies have become key elements in my approach as a legal counsel. I am a great believer in hard work and learning from mistakes – in my view to innovate it’s essential for you to fail fast and move quickly. Especially at Amazon, I have an equal seat at the table, the culture fosters independent thinking, and the ability to go beyond legal realms and be able to drive decisions and execute these in real world. Factors that help me shape myself are understanding the business and its needs, having a pragmatic approach and solution orientation.

    Given your experience in international negotiations and dealings with companies like Honeywell, how do you approach building and maintaining effective relationships with stakeholders, both within and outside the organization?

    Building effective relationships in international dealings involves understanding diverse cultural nuances and aligning legal strategies with mutual interests. Communication, transparency, and a collaborative approach are vital. Being proactive in addressing concerns and maintaining open channels of communication has been instrumental in fostering lasting relationships. Additionally, what I have realized is that you keep meeting folks you would have dealt in the past, so keep your relationships flourishing and even in most difficult situations treat people respectfully.

    As a Senior Corporate Counsel, you’ve been instrumental in setting up legal, secretarial, and product compliance teams. What challenges did you face in building these teams, and how did you foster a culture of innovation and efficiency within them?

    Each function requires a unique skill set, it is critical to understand the deliverables for each role and look for subject matter (SME) experts. Once you have the SME, it’s essential to help them scale up, making them aware of organizational nuances and let them flourish, help them build their respective teams and reducing your oversight to ensure their independence. Establishing legal, secretarial, and compliance teams presented challenges in resource allocation, skill development, and instilling a culture of innovation. Encouraging open communication, investing in professional growth, and fostering a culture of collaboration and creativity were vital in building efficient and innovative teams.

    Your success story highlights your ability to provide pragmatic legal advice for scaling up businesses. Can you share a specific instance where your legal insights played a crucial role in a significant business decision or strategy?

    Given we are bound by confidentiality; it may not be possible to provide a specific example. However, I can talk about implementing a business structure that operates pursuant to a regulatory approval and in this case a plain reading of the approval may have not have permitted us to even have a sustainable business model, I had the opportunity to interpret it ensure compliance and find the right balance for the business to operate. The one practice I find helpful in providing pragmatic advise is risk assessment frameworks – One way Door Vs Two Way Door i.e. reversible vs Irreversible decision making, risk heat matrix – judgment calls with an understanding what was legislative intent to have law/ regulation in place. On multiple occasions, my legal insights identified potential risks in a proposed partnership. Addressing these concerns strategically enabled us to reframe the deal terms, mitigating risks, and ensuring a mutually beneficial collaboration. This underscored the critical role of legal counsel in shaping pivotal business decisions.

    Apart from your legal expertise, how do you find a balance between the demanding legal world and personal life, and do you have any hobbies or activities that help you unwind?

    Achieving a balance between the demanding legal sphere and personal life involves prioritization & time management. I love to Ride and Drive, have driven cross country, I also enjoy going for long walks and playing table tennis occasionally, every year I make a list of books to read (albeit haven’t been able to accomplish this feat for the last two years), and spend quality time with family. These rejuvenate me and help maintain a healthy work-life balance.

    As a seasoned legal professional, what advice would you give to the upcoming generation of legal minds entering the workforce, particularly in navigating the complexities of the legal and business landscape? 

    To the upcoming generation of legal professionals, I emphasize the importance of continuous learning, adaptability, and developing a holistic understanding of the interplay between law and business. Embrace challenges as opportunities for growth, fail fast and learn from these failures, prioritize ethical practices, and strive for innovative problem-solving to thrive in the evolving legal landscape.

    Get in touch with Harshit Ratan-

  • The intersection of technology and law has been a recurring theme in my career, and it’s a space that continues to excite and challenge me- G.V. Anand Bhushan, Founder, Bhushan Rajaram, Advocates & Consultants

    The intersection of technology and law has been a recurring theme in my career, and it’s a space that continues to excite and challenge me- G.V. Anand Bhushan, Founder, Bhushan Rajaram, Advocates & Consultants

    This interview has been published by  Priyanka Karwa and The SuperLawyer Team

    Sir, could you please share with our listeners what initially inspired you to pursue a career in law and how you navigated your way to specializing in Corporate, Intellectual Property, Technology, Litigation, and Real Estate laws?

    Certainly, the journey to a legal career is often as varied as the individuals who undertake it. In my case, I stumbled upon the field of law somewhat serendipitously. Like many young lawyers of my generation, I wasn’t particularly inclined towards math or science. However, I had a deep-rooted fascination with technology—I even built my own computers and was an avid proponent of open-source platforms, particularly Linux.

    As fate would have it, my graduation coincided with two significant developments in the Indian tech landscape: the enactment of the Information Technology Act and the onset of a multi-decade growth spurt in the Indian technology industry. These events were not just pivotal for the sector but also set the stage for my own career trajectory.

    The legal challenges posed by the burgeoning tech industry were both complex and novel, offering a fertile ground for specialization. My affinity for technology naturally led me to focus on Corporate, Intellectual Property, and Technology laws. Over time, as I gained more experience and exposure, I expanded my practice areas to include Litigation and Real Estate laws as well.

    While my entry into the legal profession may have been somewhat accidental, the path I’ve carved within it has been intentional and guided by a combination of personal interests and market opportunities. The intersection of technology and law has been a recurring theme in my career, and it’s a space that continues to excite and challenge me.

    Over your impressive 20-year career, you’ve gained extensive experience in General Corporate, Projects, Technology, and Dispute Resolution. Could you highlight some of the key milestones or projects that have played a pivotal role in shaping your expertise and career trajectory?

    One must always remember that competition is fierce. There is terrific talent in the market in the next generation of lawyers. There’s a saying in private practise “You are only as good as your last deal”. Lol, I remember being quite taken aback as a young lawyer when I first heard that! But if you understand that in this economy you always need to upskill to stay relevant and competent, you will be able to thrive. For me, that meant things like pursuing my master’s as a Fulbright scholar and exploring both opportunities in-house and as a Partner in Shardul Amarchand. For example, in Cognizant I was the lawyer hired to set up both the India and the wider Asia Pacific teams as General Counsel. At Shardul Amarchand, I was given the opportunity to start our Chennai office. That kind of entrepreneurial journey is something that I will always cherish. 

    You’ve held significant roles such as General Counsel and Board Member of Cognizant Technology Solutions Asia Pacific. Could you tell us about the challenges and rewards of managing diverse practice areas, resolving complex disputes, and advising on multi-million dollar technology deals?

    The scale of operations at Cognizant, one of the fastest-growing Fortune 500 companies, meant that even seemingly routine matters like EULAs, Labour issues or client Master Service Agreements (MSAs) involved high-stakes financial implications, often running into tens of millions of dollars. The urgency was palpable, and the need for effective prioritization and execution across diverse geographies in the Asia-Pacific region was paramount.

    My experience in private practice at Shardul Amarchand was marked by an intense performance culture. Clients often presented us with complex, unprecedented challenges. It’s worth noting that most large clients have highly sophisticated in-house teams, so when they seek external counsel, it’s typically for issues that are both novel and intricate. This necessitates original research and innovative problem-solving, skills that are indispensable in the legal landscape. Our office of 4 partners advised on Tech, Corporate, M&A, Real Estate and litigation matters. 

    The common thread between these diverse roles has been the critical importance of a strong, well-trained team. Whether it was navigating the complexities of multi-million dollar technology deals, resolving intricate disputes, or advising on regulatory compliance, the strength of the team was often the determining factor in the successful outcome of these endeavors. I’ve been fortunate to work with exceptional teams both at Cognizant and in private practice, and their contributions cannot be overstated.

    Throughout your journey, you’ve been hailed as a trusted legal advisor. What do you believe sets you apart in terms of building strong client relationships and delivering effective legal counsel?

    What distinguishes my approach in building robust client relationships and offering effective legal counsel boils down to two key elements: trust and capability.

    In today’s fast-paced business environment, clients are inundated with challenges and operate under immense pressure. They aren’t seeking a legal lecture; they’re in search of actionable solutions, a quantifiable assessment of risks, and a straightforward strategy for compliance. To earn their trust, it’s imperative to communicate in a clear and direct manner that aligns with their commercial objectives.

    The legal industry often falls into the trap of obscuring advice with layers of disclaimers and complex jargon. This not only dilutes the impact of our counsel but also hampers the decision-making process for the client. My focus is on cutting through the noise to deliver advice that is both clear and actionable.

    Consistency is the final, yet crucial, ingredient in this equation. Trust isn’t built overnight or through a single transaction; it’s cultivated over years of reliable and consistent service. The ability to consistently identify and mitigate client risks transforms a transactional relationship into a long-term partnership.

    You’ve received recognition from esteemed publications like Legal 500, Chambers, and Asian Legal Business. How has this recognition influenced your approach to your work, and what does it mean to you to be acknowledged by your peers in the legal industry?

    Recognition from esteemed platforms is an honor. I’m deeply grateful for it. In a competitive market where credibility is often scrutinized, these accolades serve as a valuable endorsement. Operating under my own name, Bhushan Rajaram, these recognitions act as a seal of approval, opening doors that might otherwise remain closed.

    However, it’s crucial to understand that these accolades are essentially a foot in the door, not a guarantee of sustained success. Clients today are incredibly savvy. They have a keen eye for expertise and can quickly discern whether an advisor possesses the depth of knowledge required to address their unique challenges. So, while the recognition is validating, it’s merely the starting line, not the finish.

    Lastly, could you leave our listeners with a piece of wisdom or a mantra that has guided you through your remarkable legal journey, and which you believe can resonate with those embarking on their own paths in the legal profession?

    Before we conclude, I’d like to share a guiding principle that has been invaluable to me on my legal journey—a piece of wisdom from my father that I believe will resonate with many of you.

    We live in a time where ambition and intelligence are in abundance, especially among young professionals. The drive to reach significant milestones—like making partner, buying a home, or achieving financial independence—often takes center stage. My father, however, offered a different perspective: “Life is not a checklist but a journey.”

    The relationships you cultivate, particularly with your life partner during these formative years, are incredibly enriching. These bonds are built on shared struggles and triumphs, and they often become your most reliable support system.

    So, as you ascend the ranks in the legal field, by all means, be ambitious and aim high. But also remember to live your life fully. The journey itself is just as important as the destination, and the relationships you form along the way make the journey all the more rewarding.

    Get in touch with G.V Anand Bhushan-

  • In Conversation with: Mugdha Sharma, Senior Legal Counsel at Optum, UnitedHealth Group |DCPP

    In Conversation with: Mugdha Sharma, Senior Legal Counsel at Optum, UnitedHealth Group |DCPP

    This interview has been published by Prabhjot Singh, Priyanka Karwa and The SuperLawyer Team

    ***Disclaimer***

    The opinions and views expressed are that of the author and Optum, United Health Group bears no responsibility whatsoever. The thoughts shared are for general informational purposes and should not be construed as any official advisory.

    Why did you choose law as a career, was it planned or all of a sudden you decided to be a lawyer?

    I was a science student, who was coaching herself to be a doctor honestly, so I didn’t really know if law was something I would want to pursue.

    It was definitely not a planned decision to begin with. It was at the middle of my 12th grade, when my fellow students started discussing about courtroom dramas and how they are being inclined towards pursuing law, I started reading and exploring the opportunities in legal field.

    On a lighter note, it wouldn’t be wrong to even admit that I became attracted to courtroom dramas and the more glamorized view of law.

    I started to then consider more seriously what I wanted the most in my career and think I wanted professional stability and financial security. I was also keen to follow a career path that allows me to leverage my communication skills and offers an avenue for continious learning and keeping myself updated with the latest in a field.

    At the time it felt that the law provides both, so I imagined it would be an ideal career for me.

    Then the more I read about it, I started to understand that being such a fascinating field it would offer nuanced challenges to resolve while demanding a variety of skills and this piqued my interest in the field law.

    What were the challenges that you faced in the beginning of your career?

    Learning about law in classrooms compared to real life application in time bound scenarios was the first challenge that I faced.

    There were many days that I had to go back to refer to my internship days or leverage experience of my batch mates/seniors to draft an appropriate clause or provide the most effective advice. Initial days required a lot more hours being spent making the transition from academics to a law associate all the more challenging.

    Apart from this, settling in a big city like Bombay was also a real challenge. Coming from a small town and then being in law schools’ protected environment, it was only now that I had to “go figure” for everything from renting a house, setting it up, making transport arrangements, at the same time putting the extra work in the first few months of your career. The trouble is, no one teaches you this part!

    Mugdha, do you think that for a first-generation lawyer, the journey becomes a little difficult? Please explain the same wrt to your own experience.

    Stepping into law school was a new world, where people who had families with multiple generations of lawyers talked fluently about topics I was making hard efforts to understand myself and that made me feel I had more catching up to do. I had to assess all opportunities independently with my own lens and learn concepts from scratch that some had been exposed to from childhood.

    Looking back I feel now that the extra effort I had put in also created the appreciation that I hold for the field of law.

    Being able to build an experience in M & A and VC deals, what according to you are the most important skills to have?

    Within my limited experience of M&A and VC deals, I believe one of the most important skill is to see the bigger picture. You need to be able to get your head out of the documents to see that you are working the whole process from scratch to end and therefore must be able to build your opinion on the end goal and the manner in which you’d assist your client to achieve it.

    This requires strong business awareness and equally strong legal and commercial understanding of the transaction.This in no sense should take away from the importance of paying attention to detail as the devil is always in those details!

    Apart from this I believe, building a good relationship with both your client and also opposing counsels, help you navigate the negotiations better and sometimes even builds your own power of persuasion. While this may not be practical all the time, trying never hurts.

    As someone who got a chance to work with big companies, was it a smooth sail for you?

    I don’t think it was all rosy by any means. It did take some time and effort and a lot of of unlearning for ultimately learning some more. I worked towards moving from a law firm mindset and started to imbibe an in-house midset.

    The in-house mindset I speak of is much more closer to business, stakeholder requirements and is also customer driven. In the beginning one of the challenges that I personally faced was balancing expectations as an in-house counsel, keeping the business needs ahead of the legal structures and nuances, yet being within the scope of law.

    I’d say, I am still a work in progress.

    India is witnessing amazing growth because of the startups, according to you Mugdha, what are the roles and responsibilities of a lawyer in dealing with start-ups?

    In my opinion, you need to be more of a generalist in the real sense of the word. As a startup lawyer you must know a bit of everything as you advise startups throughout their lifecycle on a variety of issues, while all along living the risks and uncertainties associated with startups. This begins with setting up of their venture and related legal & regulatory compliance, which then moves to routine advisory for general corporate or commercial transactions undertaken on a regular basis.

    The role of the startup lawyer doesn’t end here as now they will also assist the startups for raising capital from angels and VCs and help the startups sail through legal and business issues arising as it scales and grows its businesses.

    Finally, also taking the full circle and reaching the finishing line is the most toughest, but perhaps also one of the more satisfying tasks of a startup lawyer who has seen the emergence and growth of the startup and is now able to help them sell the business or take the company public in an IPO.

    Creating a work-life balance and focusing on mental health has been a challenge lately in this industry, but you manage it well, please tell our audience how?

    I think I am far from managing it well, but I am now at a place where I constantly aim to strike that balance between work and personal life and try and give time to a lot of my dreams beyond just the law and my professional commitments. I now understand when to pause and enjoy life and when to get back to the rigorous work routine.

    I am comfortable assessing how much work is too much work and to take a step back (including mentally), when needed.

    I enjoy creating content when I get some time while I am travelling or just some happy stuff on Instagram. I unapologetically think that it is okay and so I am active on social media because I enjoy it.

    While I understand, to some social media is trivial or toxic and to an extent it maybe is, but I think it is also a great tool to voice your opinion, teach, learn or for just any form of expression and I believe a part of my ‘work-life balance’ comes from being able to show who I am or where my heads at by simply expressing it. It is a very personal view though and to each their own!

    For this I believe one sincerely has to put in efforts to create this space and the right kind of work place often accelerates that effort.

    Apart from expression on social media platform, I love experimenting with food, both to cook and eat. I travel across continents just to experience the culture and I believe a part of that culture is their food. Once am back, for weeks I try to recreate food that I eat on my escapades and I enjoy reliving my travel stories through this.

    I love to travel as it adds perspective to life and keeps me grounded too knowing that theres a huge World out there with variety of people and culture and we, as an individual, are such a small part of this whole story and there is so much to learn and know.

    They say nowadays a lawyer must have that business acumen, do you believe this as well? If yes, briefly describe our audience about it.

    Yes, definitely. The journey becomes smoother once you are able to amalgamate your legal knowledge with business acumen and are able to communicate effectively and efficiently with your stakeholders.

    A lot of decision making is done by weighing and analyzing differentiated opinions and often conflicting priorities, that may even sometime require you to say “No”. As in-house counsel, one should learn to strike that balance.

    In the rapidly growing and dynamic world, it becomes important to anticipate and understand how various factors such as geopolotical scenarios, changing landscapes of policies and increased focus on risk mitigation will impact both businesses and laws.

    Lastly, few tips for our young law professionals?

    For the young law professionals I have just a few tips from my own experiences and that is ;

    ‘Use this time to understand where you want to be in next 10 and 20 years of your career and start making those career choices early on, if possible’

    These are the days of maximum learning but also maximum hardwork so put in that extra effort and it will take you a long way.

    Having said that, don’t lose the sense of self and try and understand your own boundaries, that can help you create space for self-awareness and mental stability.

    Get in touch with Mugdha Sharma-

  • Jyoti Kakatkar- Senior Legal Counsel with Eight Roads Ventures- an international VC/PE firm and an ardent animal lover breaking ceiling in the Investment sector

    Jyoti Kakatkar- Senior Legal Counsel with Eight Roads Ventures- an international VC/PE firm and an ardent animal lover breaking ceiling in the Investment sector

    This interview has been published by Tanmaya Sharma. The Interview was taken by The SuperLawyer Team.

    How smooth is it to be an in-house counsel? Or is it the other way round?

    In my view, neither the in-house counsel role nor the law firm role is completely devoid of challenges and hurdles. Having been a part of both legal worlds I can safely state that each role comes with its own set of challenges and privileges.

    However, it is extremely incorrect to assume that in-house counsels are just “glorified paper-pushers”. There is a lot of responsibility that comes attached to an in-house role. When you hire an external law firm, its role and liability are limited to the ‘scope of work’ and ‘exclusion’ clauses elucidated in its engagement letter. My employment contract as an in-house counsel is devoid of any such sections. The legal liability of the organisation/transaction rests on your shoulders; even simple human errors can sometimes cause you sleepless nights due to the potential repercussions they may have. Even if you hire an external counsel, they have limitations either on bandwidth or the complete know-how regarding the commercial dynamics of the deal. There are many matters which are done/resolved without any external help. 

    So many assumptions have been made over the years regarding my move to an in-house role; that I left the law firm life “to retire”. With quality legal work coming my way at Eight Roads, I feel anything but retired. I can say that the work of an in-house counsel is exciting as well as challenging. Unfortunately, in-house roles are not always given due recognition or respect.

    People may have come across some in-house lawyers who may take their role lightly but people equally come across some law-firm counsels who may shirk responsibility. I believe that the generalization of any work role — legal or otherwise, is unfair; it’s honestly up to each individual on how they want to make the best use of the opportunity they have been presented with. I truly hope I am!

    You worked in the most renowned law firms like Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas & Khaitan & Co for about 5 years and now working as a Senior Legal Counsel with Eight Roads Ventures (an international VC/PE firm). What major changes have you found in the working approach between the three?

    It was an absolute honour to start my career with the likes of Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas and Khaitan. Both the firms are filled with some of the most reputed lawyers, and I had the chance to train under some of the very best.

    As a junior, I had the opportunity to work on some complex, high-stake transactions; and even if I wasn’t lead counsel, I got to do the groundwork, research on obscure legal points, and observe and learn from all parties involved.

    As the years progressed, so did my responsibilities, direct exposure to clients, and the learning curve was steep. However, as a part of a law firm, my daily work interactions were primarily with other lawyers. While it is the best way to garner more legal knowledge and stay abreast with the constant change in-laws, it also limited my views on how the corporate world truly applied our legal advice to their business. 

    Within the Eight Roads ecosystem, I am interacting with persons from different spheres globally — investment, finance, HR, communications, founders, company CFOs and so forth daily.

    Listening to their various conversations has given me a better understanding of how businesses operate and how best to curate my legal advice. As an in-house counsel, you don’t work “for” the client but “with” the client. You are part of the same team and are equally responsible alongside the investment members for the success or failure of any investment/project. Knowing the law is important but it is meaningless if not practically applied in any given situation. More often than not, I am aware of the commercial nuances of each deal and this helps me negotiate the key legal points, take commercial calls, and reach a mid-way understanding on other issues. There is a more holistic approach to my legal review which goes beyond just the transaction at hand. While the work of an external counsel ends once we close a deal, my work continues well beyond. I must help maintain ongoing collaborations. 

    Now we know that you work as a Senior Legal Counsel with Eight Roads Ventures, could you highlight your role in the firm?

    The role at Eight Roads is a multi-faceted one. I deal with a range of legal issues right from investment agreements, exit documents, tax matters, confidentiality concerns, debt financing, vendor documents, legal notices, insurance, corporate governance to employment contracts.

    As part of the Eight Roads’ Ventures India team (ERVI), I help strategize, negotiate and close investments in the early/growth stages of companies operating in fields of healthcare, technology, consumer, and financial services.

    I also play an important role in negotiating and implementing fund exits. The legal work at Eight Roads is not merely transactional but also relates to internal fund compliances and portfolio management. Given that Eight Roads is a part of a global platform, my work goes beyond Indian law issues. I regularly encounter matters concerning international jurisdictions and it is very interesting to compare how people commercially and legally view and assess risks associated with VC/PE deals in different jurisdictions.

    ERVI also endorses CSR activities and I am honoured to have been given a chance to spearhead these.

    A very important aspect of my role is balancing commercial considerations and relationships with founders/partner companies while ensuring I negotiate in the best legal interests of Eight Roads. Many times, I am also required to chase law firms (sometimes even my ex-peers). There may be some commercial implications, which are highly confidential if a deal does not close within certain timelines. 

    I often joke with my colleagues that the founders and law firms must equally dislike me! Unfortunately, that is the nature of my job and I can only hope that the industry can know me beyond my in-house counsel role — I am not that bad a person (at least that is my view!). I strive to the best of my ability to be practical under the given circumstances and help cultivate lasting partnerships. 

    Not many young female lawyers reach the height you achieved, what was the story behind your success? Were you the privileged child or had to dig in deep to quench the thirst? 

    I was extremely privileged to have loving parents who were supportive of my education and career decisions. Having said that, I am a first-generation practising lawyer in my family and had to find my own feet in the legal profession.

    I have no godfather in the legal industry. Before joining the three-year law course in Government Law College, Mumbai (GLC), I had completed my graduation in Mass Media from Jai Hind College. It was an altogether different field.

    While many of my media classmates had already secured jobs and earned their first salaries, I was studying hard, with no promise of a job and limited financial means.

    During my law school days, it was difficult to secure internships with law firms if you weren’t from an N-law school or had influence with a law firm partner. Having been rejected by several internship programs, I remember wanting to give up on my legal profession dreams. I nevertheless studied hard and made the most of the few internship opportunities I did manage to secure.

    My real break came on 22 September 2011 (yes, the date is imprinted in my mind) when I secured a job with the Mumbai office of the then Amarchand Mangaldas through the GLC campus placement program. After all the rejections I had faced till then, I was absolutely over the moon to have been selected by one of the best names in the industry based purely on merit. My years of hard work and my family’s faith in me had finally paid off. I couldn’t wait to treat my family to a lavish dinner with my first salary (it was Konkan Café at the President Hotel — my mother’s favourite). The rest, as they say, is history.

    In India, working females still have a responsibility to maintain their household. You are on the next level of achievement, how do you balance your professional and personal life? 

    A lot is written about working mothers and their struggles (rightfully so!). However, there is an unspoken challenge being faced by many working women in India — balancing professional lives while also being the caregiver of aged parents. With age come many illnesses, and unfortunately, India’s professional caregiver services are very expensive and unreliable. Further, not every Indian woman is a part of a large joint family with several helping hands at home. After everything our parents do for us, we would be unjust in abandoning them in their hours of need. Invariably, the caregiving duties fall on the women of the house.

    My mother was extremely ill and constantly in and out of hospitals for about a decade which spanned through my law school and the formative years of my career. At that time, we were not working from home, but I feigned sickness and worked from home, hospital, and everywhere else.

    I will not lie that it was a struggle to balance my stressful work hours, caregiving responsibilities, and just finding time to unwind; I came close to having a nervous breakdown. However, with the support of my immediate family members, I dragged myself through the hard times and found normalcy in mundane tasks.

    Today work from home has helped me find a better balance between my professional and personal life.

    During my mother’s caregiver journey, I rarely asked for help and kept my situation under the wraps at the office to continue with the image of normalcy. I have now learned that it is important to be open about any difficulties you are personally facing and not fear being judged or professionally reprimanded — especially women. Even if people return to their office full time, they should be more than encouraged to seek any assistance if needed. After all, each office colleague also has her/his own family and we can make it a safe working space by supporting each other.    

    Apart from being suit up, what interests you in your leisure time? 

    The two things I love the most and help with my stress management — spending time with animals and exercising.

    For several years, I have fostered and helped with the adoption of stray animals. In the coronavirus-induced lockdown, stray animals in my locality (and all over India) were cut off from their daily food source and were going hungry. With work from home, I was able to feed and take care of the strays in my area every day. This has now become a part of my routine and I feel incomplete without greeting my furry friends. Lately, I have also been researching animal protection laws (or lack thereof) in India. All life forms need to be equally respected and protected by law. My work and views about speciesism, animal rights, and preserving the natural environment would make for a whole separate interview!

    Exercise and the endorphins released as a result have helped me emotionally cope with some of the toughest phases in my life. I would especially recommend it to lawyers; our work can be extremely overwhelming. Physical fitness does not necessarily mean an hour of HIIT session or pumping heavyweights at the gym; it may be a brisk walk for 30 minutes around your colony. If you do not exercise, please do not wait for the New Year or a Monday! Please start slowly and you will notice positive differences — physical and mental.  

    We found that you are an active social worker. Would you like to mention your beliefs about the same?

    Jyoti Kakatkar

    Many years ago, I had read a quote by American actor Lily Tomlin which stuck with me — “I always wondered why somebody doesn’t do something about that. Then I realized I was somebody.”  It dawned upon me that I had the power to help those in need myself and did not have to wait for NGOs to do the work; NGOs are already inundated with the work pressure.

    A small act of compassion can go a long way in improving someone’s life. The act can be as simple as buying Diwali lights and giveaways every year from NGOs instead of an established brand.

    As lawyers, we do hold a certain position of power in society and legal aid is one of the most useful services we can offer to non-profits. I have had the privilege of helping a few with their legal affairs; the work is challenging and only improves my legal acumen. There are several causes out there, be it children’s education, women empowerment, poverty, terminal illnesses, environment, and so forth. If each of us picked one cause that we felt passionate about and donated our money and time towards it, our future generations will experience a kinder world. 

    The covid-19 pandemic was tough for all of us and we can still find its traces now and then. Do you want to suggest anything specific to the readers concerning the same?

    Covid-19 has been surreal and its effects devastating globally. Many people have lost livelihoods and many more loved ones. In this light, the pandemic has brought about discussions on an extremely pertinent and unspoken topic in India — grief. The Oxford Learners Dictionary defines grief as “a very sad feeling, especially when somebody dies.” I never felt the need to research the meaning of grief until my mother passed away pre-pandemic pursuant to her illness. To me grief is undefinable.

    Fully being aware of my mother’s oncoming death and having mentally prepared for the same, grief took me by surprise after a month of her passing and punched me hard in my gut. I was on my way to the airport for a work trip abroad when it hit me that I will never again receive the hundred “annoying” calls/messages from my mother asking me if I had gone through security, landed safely, had eaten well, and have enough jackets to brace the cold. It was the most damning feeling in the world.

    Since then grief continues to hit me in waves, even at some of the most inappropriate occasions with varying intensities. The reason I was so surprised at feeling grief is that none of my close friends or relatives who had lost loved ones ever warned me or confided in me how hard it is to lose someone. Every single person experiences their own, highly curated version of grief, and each version is hard. 

    While the circumstances are extremely unfortunate, it has been encouraging to see more people come forward and speak about their encounters with grief. Reading other people’s experiences with grief had helped me feel less alone, and I hope to spread more awareness on this issue. In India, Bhavana Issar’s organisation, Caregiver Saathi has created a safe space for family caregivers to exchange stories on caregiving and grief, and I am extremely happy to be associated with it. Mental well-being is necessary to be able to perform well at your job. There is no shame in asking for help. If anything, you will be doing your job and yourself a disservice if you don’t.      

    Where can we see you in the next 10 years? Are you planning for something big or staying low at the moment?

    Hopefully still be alive, healthy and happy — a decade is a long time away! Experience over the years has taught me to take one day at a time. Too many of my plans have been foiled due to unseen circumstances. Then there were plans I never made, and still, life fell into place. I do hope to continue making a positive difference — whether in the lives of animals or human beings (several or even one). 

    Any career tips to the young minds in the investment sector?

    Foremost, I would like to give a general but a very important tip to every young professional out there —please do not compare your career trajectory to others and ever feel less worthy. Yes, it is important to draw inspiration from success stories, but success again is a relative term. Each of us comes from varying backgrounds, societies, support systems (or lack thereof) and we can only try our best. 

    For young lawyers looking to start/move in-house and particularly enter the investment sector — it is a very exciting space to be in and there is ample opportunity to do good challenging legal work.

    Even the pandemic could not dampen the ever-buzzing VC/PE activity in India. India is filled with talented founders and ambitious teams, and it gives great joy to be a small part of this thriving ecosystem. However, move in-house for the right reasons — there is also hard work involved and timelines to meet. Instead of verbose paragraphs, please learn to put legal advice in simpler words. Even I am learning to better my skills every day; learning is a continuous process without an expiration date. Enter the field with an open mind. As stated earlier, in-house is less about interacting with other lawyers and more with persons from different career backgrounds. It is a great opportunity to learn different topics from them while sharing your legal expertise. In the end, find joy in the work you do, and the rest will follow (and if it doesn’t, do not be disheartened, your time will come!).

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