Reflecting on your journey, what initially drew you to pursue a career in law, and what inspired you to choose this path? Could you share some of the challenges you faced during your early days in the legal profession and how you overcame them?
My first inspiration towards the legal profession came from my father who himself was a lawyer and practiced income-tax for a few years in Jammu and Kashmir. While my father’s initial footsteps were in law, he eventually transitioned to the family business of manufacturing high tension aluminum wires. However, he would always lovingly recount memoirs and anecdotes from his practice days and would consistently motivate me to take up law as a profession. From a very young age, I was exposed to the intricacies of the legal world through his work, experiences and stories. His influence remained a constant in my life, serving as a beacon of inspiration as I forged my own path in the legal profession. His commitment to integrity, diligence, and service instilled in me a deep respect for the law and a desire to become a lawyer.
Entering the legal profession, I encountered a range of challenges typical of any newcomer to the field. One of the most significant hurdles was navigating the transition from academic halls of college to practical application of law in Courtrooms. The theoretical knowledge gained in law school provided a solid foundation, but applying that knowledge in real-world scenarios required a different skill set altogether. Be that as it may, I guess I always had the vision and belief in myself to navigate these challenges. Even though I come from a small town, Jammu, I decided to practice in the capital of the country, which offers the best exposure to fresh law graduates. I was never attracted to practice in the comfort of my hometown.
Another challenge was building credibility and establishing myself within the legal community. As a young lawyer, earning the trust of seniors, clients and colleagues was quintessential for success. I faced skepticism and uncertainty from some quarters, but I approached each interaction with unwavering professionalism, competence, and a commitment to excellence. Over time, through hard work and dedication, I earned a reputation for integrity and competence, gradually gaining the confidence of those around me.
Despite these challenges, the inspiration that I drew from my father’s example kept me focused and motivated. His unwavering support and blessings and belief in my abilities gave me the strength to persevere during the tough times and celebrate the victories along the way. Reflecting on my journey, I am grateful for the foundation he provided and the lessons he imparted, which continue to guide me in my career as a lawyer.
Your journey from Associate to founding your own full service law firm, i.e., Expert Legal Services is inspiring. What personal qualities or characteristics do you believe played a significant role in your career progression, and how do you nurture these traits in your team members?
Reflecting on my journey, I believe that humility, focus, hard work, attention to detail, approachability and giving precedence to the interest of the client have been the core tenets of my practice. I cannot single out any one quality that helped in my career progression and it is always the right mix of attitude, aptitude, luck and hard work that helps you grow.
While mentoring my team members, I focus on their all-round development. I give them exposure to deal with clients independently under my supervision and to argue matters before various forums. This provides them with the much-needed exposure and also helps them in learning from their own mistakes and enables them to think on their feet. I always tell them to learn from their lows and to perform better. I am otherwise, in my peers’ view, an easy going and jovial person. This in my view helps them to perform without any stress and anxiety and to give their best in everything that they do. I also encourage open communication and constructive criticism. By fostering an environment, based on core values, we promote collaboration, respect, and continuous growth within our team.
Given your expertise in litigation, could you share a memorable anecdote that exemplifies the dynamic nature of legal advocacy and the importance of quick thinking under pressure?
I believe every day in court brings new lessons and stories. Through divine grace, I have been blessed with the opportunity to represent clients in diverse jurisdictions, providing me with first hand insight into the dynamics of these various courts across India. I believe that preparation and patience are the key virtues for any litigation lawyer. You may not get favorable orders everyday and therefore, you should carefully weigh all factors and avoid pushing your luck.
While there are many instances in my 17 years of practice, a recent incident that vividly comes to my mind, where a case demanded urgent interim protection for our client in securing a disputed amount. The opposing party was in the process of winding up their operations in the country and therefore, swift action was imperative. We immediately approached the court and recognizing our urgency, the court directed the party to obtain prior permission before parting with their assets in India. At the end, we had a very happy and contented client.
Instances like these are the heartbeat of daily courtroom engagements, offering invaluable learning opportunities for legal practitioners at every level. In the realm of law, growth is perpetual, and each day brings forth new lessons to enrich our understanding.
Your clientele includes renowned fortune 500 companies spanning different industries. What are some common legal issues or trends you have observed across these sectors and how do you tailor your approach to address their specific needs?
In my experience, serving a diverse clientele across various industries has exposed me to several legal issues and trends. Every industry has its own set of issues and there is an overlapping legal trend as such. Consequently, there is no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to addressing these diverse challenges. As a lawyer, it is our responsibility to tailor our approach to each unique situation, providing customized solutions that best align with the specific needs and circumstances of our clients.
One requires a comprehensive understanding of both the legal framework and the practical realities of the business world, to successfully cater the needs of any client. At Expert Legal Services, we try to achieve the best possible outcome for the client while ensuring compliance with legal requirements and ethical standards. Cultivating an approach that prioritizes innovation, collaboration and problem-solving, has helped our clients succeed in an ever-evolving business environment.
Collaborating with esteemed legal professionals such as Senior Advocate Mr. Amarjit Singh Chandhiok, Senior Advocate Mr. Siddharth Luthra and Mr. Raian Karanjawala must have provided invaluable insights. Can you share a lesson or mentorship experience that significantly influenced your legal career?
Certainly, being associated with esteemed legal luminaries like Senior Advocate Mr. Amarjit Singh Chandhiok, Senior Advocate Mr. Siddharth Luthra and Mr. Raian Karanjawala has provided me with invaluable experiences that have profoundly shaped my legal career. These experiences have instilled in me values of perseverance, decision making, hardwork and efficiency. From understanding the minutiae to grasping the broader legal implications, I have learned that attention to detail is of paramount importance. Moreover, the significance of punctuality has also been deeply ingrained in me.
One important lesson that I learnt from Mr. Chandhiok was that a good lawyer is one who is not impacted by the outcome of the case. One should always give their best and leave the rest to the judge.
As someone deeply entrenched in the legal domain, how do you maintain a work-life balance amidst the demanding nature of the profession? Are there any mindfulness practice or routines that you find particularly beneficial in managing stress and staying focused?
Balancing work and life in the legal profession, especially in litigation, is indeed a constant juggle. While striving for equilibrium between professional demands and personal well-being, I’ve found that maintaining a structured approach to my workday helps manage this delicate balance. Each task is allocated a specific time slot, allowing for a more disciplined workflow.
However, the unpredictable nature of legal practice means that flexibility is key. Clients may require urgent assistance at any hour, whether it’s seeking bail or filing a habeas corpus writ. In such instances, attending to these immediate needs takes precedence, often disrupting planned schedules. Nonetheless, amidst the demanding nature of the profession, I make a conscious effort to carve out time for personal pursuits and family. Engaging in hobbies or spending quality time with loved ones serves as a crucial counterbalance to the intensity of legal work.
Your expertise in navigating anti-bribery and anti-corruption investigations is commendable. What proactive measures do you recommend to prevent such occurrences in businesses?
To overcome illegal practices, I always advice clients to follow best practices and confirm to ethical standards. It is also important to introduce a system of checks and balances for early detection of any such occurrences. Swift Action can help the companies to minimize the impact and nip such instances in the bud. Though, one cannot guarantee against any possible leaks but in my view, this shall considerably safeguard the exposure to a significant extent.
Beyond legal practice, you’re known for your philanthropic efforts. How do you integrate social responsibility into your professional life, and do you believe there’s a symbiotic relationship between community engagement and legal advocacy?
Compassion, generosity and large heartedness are again virtues that I have inherited from my parents. Their dedication and persistent desire to help others has left a profound impact on me. I was always taught to help the poor and the needy. This is an extremely relevant trait that I also wish to pass on to my daughters. I also believe that being an advocate comes with a profound responsibility to serve the less fortunate, especially within the context of the legal system.
At our firm, we prioritize social responsibility and actively integrate it into our daily practice. We are committed to serving not only our well to do clients but also individuals and causes that may not have the means to afford legal representation. We are engaged in various pro bono matters, dedicating our time and expertise to assist marginalized communities, champion social justice causes, and address systemic inequalities. To give an example, we recently assisted a young boy who had been charged under POCSO and was languishing in jail and helped him in securing bail from the High Court. I see a clear symbiotic relationship between community engagement and legal advocacy. Our involvement in the community fosters trust, builds meaningful relationships, and amplifies the voices of those who may otherwise go unheard.
You’ve been instrumental in mentoring young lawyers throughout your career. What advice do you impart to aspiring lawyers entering the field today, and what qualities do you believe are essential for success in the legal profession?
Certainly, mentoring young lawyers has been a rewarding aspect of my career, and I’m always eager to share insights with aspiring lawyers entering the field today. My advice to young lawyers is that success is not an overnight journey and requires considerable hard work, toil and burning the midnight oil. The key to success lies in developing expertise and being consistent and punctual in your work. Invest in your work and you’re bound to reap success. Also, it is important to realize that one should not get disheartened by adversities and remember that the castle of success is not built on victories but on failure.
Could you please share with us your journey into the legal profession? What initially inspired you to pursue law, and what challenges did you encounter during your formative years in the field?
My journey into the legal profession was not pre-planned but rather a serendipitous occurrence that unfolded unexpectedly.
While my initial career aspirations varied in many different directions, fate had other plans in store for me.
I was doing a chartered accountancy course along with my graduation when I took Delhi University’s LLB entrance test in the final year of my graduation and got selected. I completed my law in 2002 from the Campus Law Centre, Delhi University, and that is how my journey into the legal world began.
In my initial years into the profession, I had the privilege to work under Hon’ble Justice Siddharth Mridul, who was then the Standing Counsel for Union of India in Delhi High Court and thereafter with Mr. Amarjit Singh Chandhiok, Senior Advocate. Working in the office of a standing counsel does provide a great deal of opportunity and it immensely benefited me too. Working in the most sought-after senior’s chamber in Delhi High Court inculcated discipline. It not only shaped my career but has also enriched my life in ways I could never have imagined.
With a special penchant for litigation, I decided against joining a law firm and chose to establish my own independent practice. Despite my enthusiasm, the journey was not without its challenges. As a first-generation lawyer, I lacked the familial connections and resources that are often advantageous in navigating the legal landscape. However, I refused to let these obstacles deter me. Instead, I embraced them as opportunities for growth and learning.
Yet, it was precisely this avant-garde journey that imbued me with a unique perspective and a tenacity to succeed. I embraced each challenge as an opportunity for growth, seizing every chance to expand my knowledge and hone my skills.
What motivated you to pursue and successfully complete the Advocate-on-Record (AOR) exam for the Supreme Court of India?
Initially, I did not realise the importance of being an AoR and did not take the examination despite being eligible in 2007-2008 itself, i.e., after 5 years of practice. However, I realised my mistake when it became evident that Supreme Court practise is an integral part of litigation and being an AoR is a clear advantage, more so, for a first-generation lawyer like me. Many of my peers went on to successfully qualify the exam and with their encouragement and support I also took the exam and became an AoR in my first attempt in 2011.
You have been involved in cross-border commercial disputes. Could you elaborate on the unique challenges and strategies required in such cases?
Since arbitration is a mechanism of resolution of disputes that, unlike court, takes place in private, it is always open to the parties to choose the substantive law and law governing the arbitration agreement as well as the seat and venue of the arbitration. Problems arising out of an arbitration call for the application of proper law of the contract, which is the law governing the contract creating the substantive rights of the parties; proper law of the arbitration agreement; and curial law, i.e., the law governing the conduct of the arbitration. Lawyers are confronted with situations where all these three may differ. Thus, one of the primary challenges in cross-border disputes is jurisdictional issues and matters related therewith. Determining the appropriate forum for resolution can at times be complex, owing to the parties based in different countries with conflicting laws and regulations. Also, building strong relationships with local counsel can be instrumental in achieving successful outcomes in cross-border disputes.
As a member of Insol International, how does your expertise contribute to resolving insolvency and restructuring matters?
Development in any other branch of law in India, in all likelihood, cannot be matched by the pace at which the insolvency regime contained in the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code has evolved in the short period that it has been in existence in India.
INSOL International is a federation of national associations of professional who specialise in turnaround and insolvency. It facilitates key stakeholders to come together and share experiences by promoting best practices and providing a forum for debate on key issues facing the industry and the profession. Through this organisation, I am constantly exposed to the latest developments, trends, and best practices in insolvency and restructuring from around the world. This global perspective allows me to adapt and apply innovative strategies that have proven successful in different jurisdictions.
With your extensive experience in telecommunications and technology-related litigation, how do you anticipate the impact of emerging technologies on future legal disputes?
The rapid pace of technological innovation has reshaped the legal landscape, presenting both opportunities and challenges for lawyers and their clients.
Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are poised to revolutionize various aspects of the legal profession, including case analysis, document review, and predictive analytics, which have the potential to streamline legal processes, improve decision-making, and enhance the efficiency of legal services.
Our Supreme Court has already started publishing the transcript of the hearing in select cases using Artificial Intelligence to transcribe hearings.
I see innovative technologies reducing administrative work for lawyers. However, it is unlikely that technologies and AI will replace human lawyers and judges.
You’ve been appointed as Arbitrator by the Delhi High Court multiple times. How does this experience contribute to your understanding of legal procedures and responsibilities? Please share some insights from this role.
The Hon’ble Chief Justice of India had recently remarked that the arbitration space in India resembles an old boy’s club. He highlighted how only retired judges dominate arbitral appointments, and, in the process, several promising candidates (such as lawyers and academicians) are overlooked.
I am glad to share that the Delhi High Court does appoint lawyers as arbitrators. Serving as an arbitrator appointed by the Delhi High Court is a significant and enriching experience that has deepened my understanding of legal procedures and responsibilities in dispute resolution. This role has afforded me invaluable insights into the complexities of arbitration proceedings and the nuances of adjudicating disputes outside the traditional court system. Additionally, this role has underscored the importance of effective case management and maintain procedural integrity in arbitration proceedings.
Beyond the courtroom, how do you engage in community outreach or pro bono work to promote access to justice and legal literacy among underserved populations?
Being the first one, in my entire family, to choose law as my profession, I do recognize the barriers that many individuals and communities face in accessing legal assistance. My office is open to everyone and anyone seeking any legal assistance. I am also empanelled with The High Court of Delhi (Middle Income Group) Legal Aid Society and I actively seek opportunities to leverage my skills and expertise to make a positive impact outside of traditional legal settings. My pro-bono work is driven by a deep-seated belief in the importance of promoting access to justice and legal literacy for all.
Outside of law, what hobbies or interests do you pursue that contribute to your professional development or enhance your perspective as a legal practitioner?
Balancing professional with personal interests is essential for maintaining a well-rounded perspective as a legal practitioner. One of my passions outside of law is literature and writing. I try to keep abreast of current affairs and make it a point to read couple of newspapers including financial ones. Additionally, I am an avid traveller and explorer. Traveling not only exposes me to diverse cultures, languages, and customs but also challenges me to adapt to new environments and navigate unfamiliar terrain—a skill that is invaluable in the legal profession, where each case presents its own unique challenges and complexities.
Can you share a pivotal moment or case from your career that significantly influenced your approach to law and litigation?
I have had opportunities to represent the Government of India and was part of the teams led by the Learned Law Officers before the Constitution Benches of the Supreme Court in several matters involving substantial questions of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India. I have handled numerous cases which are significant for one reason or another.
One pivotal moment in my career that profoundly influenced my approach to law and litigation was a case in the Supreme Court arising out of a controversial phone tapping. The issue involved as to whether a public figure has a reasonable expectation of privacy. Guidelines were issued by the Supreme Court which led to framing of the standard operating procedures (SOP) by the Government for legitimate phone tapping.
Having said that, I approach each case, with utmost sincerity, and take it as an opportunity to serve the clients in getting justice which they deserve.
With over two decades of experience in the legal profession, what suggestions or advice would you offer to the upcoming generation of aspiring lawyers and legal professionals navigating their way through the complexities of modern legal practice?
I would like to share with the upcoming generation of aspiring lawyers and legal professionals navigating the complexities of modern legal practice to embrace lifelong learning. The legal profession can be demanding and unpredictable, with its fair share of setbacks and challenges. Cultivate resilience by maintaining a positive attitude, embracing adversity as an opportunity for growth, and developing coping mechanisms to navigate stress and uncertainty effectively. You must uphold the highest ethical standards in all your interactions, prioritize the interests of your clients, and adhere to the rules of professional conduct and legal ethics.
Can you walk us through your journey, starting from your school days at Bombay Cambridge School to becoming a University Gold Medalist in Law from Mumbai University? How did your experiences during those formative years shape your aspirations and eventual career path in law?
I studied at Bombay Cambridge School. It was one of the finest of our times. I was always a first bencher because of my height and not due to academics. Upto class VII, I was an average student. In class VII, I failed in the History subject. My parents were upset. They never expressed it. That was the lowest point in my academic career. I promised my parents that I would never let them down. From class VIII onwards, I was amongst the top rankers throughout. I belonged to the State Board (SSC). I was a school topper in Class X. I was awarded a trophy for outstanding achievement in academics in 1996 by Shri. Udhhav Thackeray, the then President of Shiv Sena.
My grandfather wanted me to pursue medicine as, according to him, I was academically brilliant. Destiny had other plans. I took up commerce at Narsee Monjee College of Commerce and Economics. I participated in various debate and elocution competitions at State Level. I was part of the organising committee of the first ever National Inter-collegiate festival “Umang”. I was a member of the Drama Committee and performed in theatre plays.
I pursued law from Mumbai University. Though we did not have formal internships in our times, I had a long term internship with Mr. Subhash Jha, Advocate from Law Global, Advocates and Mr. Anil Balani, Advocate. Under their guidance, I learnt the authentic and functional aspects of working of courts. I was actively participating in Moot court competitions. To my surprise, I even won best speaker at a few of them (though I always felt I was not even close to the other contestants). I was always eager to learn the art of advocacy. I completed the three year law course. I have been a University Gold medalist for all these years. I was awarded the Gold Medal by the then Governor of State of Maharashtra Shri. S. M. Krishna. I was even offered a scholarship for an LLM course at London University of Law. However, I felt I was not worthy of it, neither financially nor academically. I recuse myself. The same was offered to the girl who stood second. I felt she deserved it more.
I believe these formative years are the bedrock in your career. It shapes you as a person. It instilled, in me, a mighty infrastructure of legal knowledge, critical thinking skills and commitment to ethical practice.
As a University Gold Medalist in Law from Mumbai University, what key lessons from your academic journey do you find most valuable in your practical legal work today?
All of us must never forget that no education or training goes in vain. Every grade teaches us something new and significant. The most valuable lessons from my academic journey that I apply in my practical legal work today include Research Skills, Analytical Thinking, Effective Communication, Time Management and Ethical Awareness.
You have been recognized with prestigious awards such as the “Young Achiever under 40” Legal Award and “TOP individual Lawyer” – Tax by Forbes Legal Power List. How do you rate this recognition?
I am humbled. These accolades serve as affirmations of my dedication, expertise and contribution to the legal profession. They are a testimony of the fact that I love this profession and everything associated with it. It is my passion and not my profession. I am in love with the courts. I, for one, honestly and firmly believe that the judiciary is the only pillar which holds our constitution together. Every judge, I must applaud them all, right from the district judiciary to the Hon’ble Supreme Court, with limited infrastructure at disposal, is doing a remarkable and phenomenal job.
However, these awards come with supplementary responsibility. They serve as reminders of the high standards I must uphold and the expectations I must meet in my role as a legal practitioner and leader within the firm. I am keenly aware of the need to continue striving for excellence, both in terms of the quality of legal services we provide and the ethical standards we uphold.
How do such above said accolades impact your professional journey and the responsibilities you bear as a managing partner?
As the Managing Partner of UBR Legal, I recognize that these awards not only reflect individual achievements but also the collective efforts of our entire firm. I am committed to fostering a culture of excellence, collaboration and mentorship within the firm, empowering every member of our team to reach their full potential and contribute to our shared success. I am honoured by these awards and remain dedicated to upholding the highest standards of legal practice, leadership and service to our clients and the community at large.
You have authored articles and publications on intricate legal subjects that demonstrate a depth of understanding and a commitment to disseminating knowledge. Could you share insights into your writing process and how you select topics to address in your articles?
Certainly! Articles on intricate legal subjects require careful consideration and a structured approach. It is important to stay abreast of developments in the legal landscape and understanding the needs and interests of my target audience is paramount. One needs to conduct a thorough research of the topic which involves case law, statutory provisions, academic literature and expert opinions.
Overall, my writing process is guided by a commitment to disseminating knowledge, fostering understanding and providing practical insights. From 2020 onwards, I have introduced a monthly newsletter “Lex Loquitur” that culls out the ratio of some important rulings from various judicial fora in the areas of Indirect tax, Direct Tax, Arbitration and Conciliation Act and Insolvency and Banking Code.
As an arbitrator appointed by the Hon’ble Bombay High Court, what unique perspectives do you bring to alternative dispute resolution and how does it complement your litigation practice?
Being appointed as an Arbitrator by the Hon’ble Bombay High Court brings with it a unique set of perspectives and experiences that greatly enrich my approach to alternative dispute resolution (ADR). My background as a legal practitioner and litigator complements my role as an arbitrator, allowing me to apply my substantive legal knowledge and advocacy skills to the arbitration process to, mostly, a resolution to the dispute.
As an arbitrator, I am committed to upholding the principles of impartiality and neutrality in resolving disputes. I believe the alternate dispute resolution mechanism is intended to bring a pragmatic approach, emphasizing efficiency, flexibility and procedural fairness. The same aids the litigating lawyer in me to advise and counsel clients approaching me for legal opinions.
Reflecting on your time at Advaita Legal and Lakshmikumaran and Sridharan, what were the most significant learnings you garnered from those experiences and how have they influenced your leadership style at UBR Legal?
During my tenure at Advaita Legal and Lakshmikumaran and Sridharan, I had the privilege of working with some of the most distinguished legal minds in the industry. I worked with Mr. Sujit Ghosh, Senior Advocate at Advaita Legal. However, I am indebted, and shall always be, to Mr. V. Sridharan, Senior Advocate (Founding Partner of Lakshmikumaran and Sridharan) and Mr. R. Nambirajan, Senior Partner LKS. Whatever experience in life I have today, apart from the professional training, I received those valuable lessons from both of them. They taught me that a good man can only be a good lawyer. Ethics were embodied in me by them.
The dedication towards research, attention to detail and commitment to delivering high-quality legal services were ingrained in every aspect of our work. This relentless pursuit of excellence has become a cornerstone of my leadership style at UBR Legal, where I strive to uphold the same standards of excellence in all our endeavors.
I learned the importance of building strong client relationships based on trust, integrity and responsiveness. This client-centric approach guides my leadership at UBR Legal, where we prioritize client satisfaction and strive to exceed client expectations in every interaction.
With your expertise in GST could you elaborate on how you navigate the intricacies of these areas to provide tailored solutions for your clients?
GST is a new law. It is technology driven. It is system based. It is at a nascent stage. It would certainly evolve with passage of time.
Navigating the complexities of GST requires a deep understanding of the ever-evolving legal and regulatory landscape. At UBR Legal, we approach this by combining our expertise in tax law with a thorough analysis of our clients’ specific needs and circumstances. We tailor solutions for our clients by:
Staying updated on the latest developments in GST, budgetary changes, and service tax regulations through continuous research and training;
We engage in detailed consultations with our clients to understand their business operations, financial structures, and tax obligations; and
We provide legal advice on strategic tax plans that minimize their tax liabilities, maximize available benefits and incentives and mitigate risks.
How do you foresee the future landscape of taxation evolving and how does UBR Legal adapt to these changes to best serve its clients’ interests?
Tax laws are here to stay. Only two things are certain: death and taxation. As long as people exist, laws would exist. As long as laws exist, litigation would exist. At UBR Legal, we adapt the changes by staying ahead of the curve through ongoing education, investment in technology and close monitoring of legislative and regulatory developments. This allows us to anticipate emerging trends and proactively adjust our strategies to best serve our clients’ interests.
Beyond your professional endeavors, what personal hobbies or interests do you pursue and how do they contribute to your overall well-being and effectiveness as a legal practitioner?
I enjoy reading non-fiction and business oriented literature. Political news also excites me. This habit assists me in my role as leader of a law firm and fuels my legal practice as well. Regular reading also provides mental stimulation and helps maintain focus. I cycle everyday for about 20 kms. I enjoy cycling. It is a natural form of exercise. A healthy body is an expression of a healthy mind.
With your wealth of experience and achievements, what advice or suggestions would you offer to the upcoming generation of legal professionals who aspire to follow in your footsteps?
I am no preacher. I believe I am still learning. All of us are. We are all students of law. Learning never ends. However, I would like to share a few words of advice with the younger generation:
First, there is no substitute for hard work. Not everyone is gifted with exceptional talent. However, with hardwork and average intelligence, lawyers can go places.
Second, ethics and moral values are priceless. Be honest to yourself. Be honest to your work. Be honest to the court. Life would throw several challenges where your feet would tremble, that’s where the test lies. No legacy is as rich as honesty.
Third, conduct, behaviour and demeanour in court is the first court craft a lawyer should learn. Never hoodwink the Judge. Relationship between the bar and the bench is based on mutual trust. Respect your opponent. Respect his/her arguments, even if you do not agree. He/she is fighting for the client, the way you are.
Fourth, listen to your parents. Parents are the best teachers. They are the only true well wishers who want to see you succeed. Their blessings are very powerful.
Fifth, be and stay humble. Humility is a hallmark of great men. It was pride that changed angels into devils.
Your educational journey is quite diverse, transitioning from becoming a Chartered Accountant first and then an LL.B. What motivated you to pursue a diverse career in accountancy and law, and how has this multidisciplinary background influenced your approach to risk, forensics, and dispute advisory?
Though I have qualified as both, I have not practiced as either of them. I have been in consulting for all my professional career, right since my internship days back during 2002-05. I started with a lot of risk advisory and corporate governance work, working with various consulting firms. But it was when I started conducting forensic investigations and when I interacted a lot more with lawyers, I was intrigued enough by their role and wanted to, if not practice as one, but think from their perspective as well.
What this has done is that while I am conducting the investigations, it helps me wear a lawyer’s hat also and foresee, of course in my limited knowledge and capacity, certain aspects which are distant to someone who is just a forensic accountant. And needless to mention the extra help I get to interpret various documents in my dispute advisory work as well.
In this context and as an accredited arbitrator and an empanelled mediator, what unique insights do you think you bring to the table to resolve disputes effectively?
Globally, the arbitration practice as such is led by the legal fraternity and rightfully so. Having said that, in my view, there is good space for technical professionals other than lawyers. Technical experts like accountants, engineers, doctors, architects, etc. can immensely contribute as a neutral to resolve disputes.
If a technical professional is an appointed neutral on a case, be it as a sole arbitrator or as a co-arbitrator, I think there is a lot of merit in the process. Imagine a complex commercial dispute or a construction dispute, where you have a chartered accountant or an engineer as one of the arbitrators respectively; not to mention if they additionally are qualified lawyers as well. Not only is the arbitrator adept in the legal aspects but also aware of the complex technical aspects of the case, which may lead to a better conclusion on the case. It is also better to understand the prevailing entitlement, causation and quantum of a case.
With your extensive experience in forensics and dispute advisory, what are some common pitfalls you’ve observed in organizations regarding risk management, and how do you help them navigate these challenges?
The most common and critical one that I have observed is to not have a risk management framework at all or to have it led by a risk champion who is relatively inexperienced in the role or function.
Another pitfall is that a lot of corporates have failed miserably in integration of data, systems and people. Multiple fragmented systems and processes lead to inconsistencies and non-standard procedures.
Over emphasis on financial risks with no or limited attention to operational, reputational and strategic risks are leading corporates to last minute surprises and resort to course corrective actions.
Policies and procedures are often poorly drafted and hence lead to multiple gaps and loopholes being exploited by the perpetrators.
In my experience, we are usually brought in largely when there is a crisis in the company and our support is sought to investigate and course correct the situation. However, in a growing number of cases, management does realise that a proactive approach to have a robust fraud risk assessment will be more effective to save money, time and the huge energy that they are drained off of in a reactive approach. So, I would recommend that risk and fraud management frameworks are of utmost importance. These frameworks also help avoid various disputes and compliance issues that may crop up due to identified procedural shortcomings.
Founding Konvêrj-Zeûs represents a significant milestone in your career. What inspired you to establish your own consulting firm, and what unique approach does Konvêrj-Zeûs bring to the table?
Yes, it is. Back in September 2021, I thought that the timing was just right. Things were just starting to recoup post the Covid-19. After working with various well-known accounting / consulting firms of global repute, I thought it made sense to take the plunge and explore new avenues. As a budding professional, you have always dreamt of having something of your own someday. I think the entrepreneurial bug bites you really hard.
At Konvêrj-Zeûs, we offer multiple consulting services to corporates, banks, other non-banking entities and law firms, which include Risk Advisory, Forensic Investigation, Dispute Advisory, Financial Advisory and Transformation Advisory Services.
I think being brought up professionally in some of the large consulting firms does develop a professional approach and attitude that is appreciated by clients globally. So, even though Konvêrj-Zeûs is still in its nascent stages of its journey to expand, the kind of work we do is acknowledged to be at par, if not better, with some of the leading consulting firms around.
I think the ‘attention to detail’ that we pay on each of our projects helps us give our clients exceptional service experience. At the end of the day, we immensely value the trust that our clients place on us.
Could you elaborate on the intersection between forensic accounting and economic damages assessment, and how this expertise aids in resolving disputes and providing expert witness testimony and also uncovering financial irregularities and providing expert testimony in legal proceedings?
Forensic accounting is actually a combination of accounting and investigative techniques used to discover financial crimes and as Forensic accountants; we explain the nature of a financial crime to the courts. Many cases, where we are on-boarded, require us to quantify the damages due to certain breaches, for example, or quantify the losses due to fraud or misrepresentation, or value IPs like Trade Secrets / Brands in cases of IP infringements or data theft and so on. So, the investigation does not end at authoring a report and concluding whether a fraud was committed or not, but also goes ahead and quantifies the losses / damages.
Likewise, in case of disputes, the Tribunal relies more upon and takes into consideration an expert’s report than that from the parties to a dispute, while they decide and award the damages or lost profits as it is from a neutral standpoint. Once the legal tenability is proven, often the question of ‘How Much’ is core to the Tribunal to decide upon, which is where our quantification helps them.
So apart from the economic analysis, I think the forensic accounting skill set does play a crucial role in setting right the facts and figures of the case and eventually also limiting the assumptions and extrapolations used in the quantum exercise.
Similarly, in cases where financial irregularities are concerned, we analyse financial data and identify discrepancies that may indicate fraud or other financial crimes. We work closely with law enforcement agencies, attorneys, and other professionals to investigate financial irregularities and provide evidence to support legal proceedings. For doing the same, we use different techniques, tools and technologies to unearth the financial irregularities.
Your role as a mediator at the High Court of Bombay indicates your involvement in alternative dispute resolution mechanisms. How do you see the role of mediation evolving in the legal landscape, particularly in complex commercial disputes?
We all know that mediation can be one of the quickest, cheapest, effective and sustainable methods to resolve disputes. It adds advantages to the case, for being informal and of a flexible nature while maintaining confidentiality.
While a lot of parties do attempt mediation on the first go, a lot of courts have also resorted to mediation before litigation. Also, for a majority of people, the prospect of going to court is daunting both emotionally and in terms of the financial strain it can pose, and it can mean that proceedings take a considerable time.
When widely accessible, mediation can be a successful way of keeping cases away from the stress and expense of court. This saves numerous hours of court’s time, which can be useful for cases that are not resolvable through mediation.
Even in complex commercial disputes, it may sometimes be at the parties’ advantage to use mediation as a channel to resolve the dispute. The complex nature of dispute can be simplified by seeking help of technical experts, while the legal aspect can be taken care through mediation. This not only saves the parties huge amounts of effort and money, but it can also give the parties that critical time to decide and make critical decisions after the resolution that they would have lost in a long-standing dispute.
Given your wealth of experience in the field, what advice or suggestions would you offer to the upcoming generation of professionals aspiring to make a mark in risk management, forensics, and dispute resolution?
I genuinely believe that there are numerous avenues where one can practice and expertise apart from the traditional fields of professions of a Chartered Accountant and a Lawyer.
A dual qualification or skill set is always going to be an added advantage, be it of any specialized profession. So, I would always advise one to be on the lookout for opportunities where one can expand the horizon to add the necessary skill set to one’s profile.
In my case, internal audit led me to risk and corporate governance, which led me to forensics, which led me to expert report & evidence and currently I also support resolving disputes. So, one has to hold on to the leading strings to explore new avenues of consulting.
Branching out to this particular niche practice area has worked for me until now. For someone else, it can be a different combination. But one has to explore into various formats and see for themselves what suits them. We often are bound to one particular field observing our mentors or seniors or partners around us, but in my view, one has to take some risks in early years to establish a strong foundation.
For practicing in forensics and dispute resolution, I would finally advise to be qualified or acquire the requisite skill set where one understands the legal and one technical side of things.
Could you take us back to the beginning of your career journey? What inspired you to pursue law, and can you share any pivotal moments or experiences that shaped your decision to enter this field? Additionally, what were some of the challenges you faced when starting out, and how did you overcome them to establish yourself as a prominent figure in the legal profession?
I have always believed that God has bestowed grace upon me. Importantly, my parents have always encouraged me to make decisions and have provided enough freedom and information to make an important decision that has a long-term impact on my life.
I have always wanted to be in a profession that is more society-centric and has good opportunities to meet people from different walks of life. In this context, law as a profession was an obvious option for me. I consulted many of my friends/seniors and some reputed lawyers before taking this decision to pursue law. Their encouraging words (along with challenges in the profession that they mentioned) encouraged me to pursue my career in this field.
Since I am first generation lawyer, there were plenty of difficulties. I was very clueless in my initial days (after completing my law degree) about my next step and other related aspects. But, there is always someone to help me or guide me in such difficult situations. They were either friends/colleagues or strangers (as well). I am thankful to all of them.
Lexspectrum is known for its comprehensive legal services. What inspired you and your partner to establish this firm, and what sets it apart from others in the field?
I have always believed that there is enough space for new law firms in the sector that can be more focused (handholding approach) towards clients. Additionally, having experience of a certain number of years, acted as an asset for me in this endeavour.
Importantly, I sought feedback from various clients/friends to provide their suggestions regarding setting up a new law firm. In most the cases, I got very positive and encouraging suggestions/responses that helped me make such a decision.
Your bio mentions you’re recognized as a recommended lawyer for Corporate and Mergers & Acquisitions. What advice would you give to young lawyers aspiring to achieve similar recognition in their careers?
Well, such recognitions are always welcome. It gives a sense of satisfaction and improves confidence. In my opinion, consistency with quality work is key to success in the field. It is important for a young lawyer to be very consistent with quality work to achieve their professional goal.
In your opinion, what can the current generation do to carve out successful careers in law, especially in a field as dynamic as yours?
The current generation of lawyers should focus (in addition to basics) on the changes which is taking place in the field of law. For example, legal practice in the field of data/AI/the international context of multi-party disputes/PE/VC transactions was not so common a few years ago but now it is very much mainstream practice. Hence, it is imperative that a lawyer should pay adequate attention to the development/changes in the legal field wherein such lawyer is practising.
Additionally, quality of work and timely response to clients is imperative. I have noticed that these days clients are well informed about the existing legal provision(which affects them) and their expectation from the lawyer is not only to be better informed about applicable legal provisions but also to have good understanding of the case which such a lawyer is handling. Hence, a lawyer should be much more attentive to the case/assignment that they are being entrusted with.
Outside of your professional life, do you have any hobbies or interests that you’re passionate about? How do you balance your personal interests with your demanding career?
Typically, I do not get much time to pursue my hobbies which has changed with time. I love travelling with my family and friends and I try to do the same whenever it is possible. Being with family and friends is always a wonderful experience.
With the constantly evolving legal landscape, how do you stay updated with industry trends and changes, and how do you ensure your team at Lexspectrum remains ahead of the curve?
We, as a firm, have weekly sessions on the legal updates on the matter concerning the current assignments and generally related to the subject matter of practice area. Additionally, we encourage our team members to write articles/updates regularly to get a better understanding of the subject matter. We also encourage our team to participate in relevant conferences to be fully updated.
There is always an emphasis that we as Lexspectrum should be well aware of the subject matter which we are dealing with. There is also an emphasis on having a good understanding of the sector in which such client is engaged.
Being recognized as one of the highly recommended lawyers in Mergers & Acquisitions is a remarkable achievement. For students aspiring to excel in this field, what specific skills or knowledge areas would you recommend they focus on during their education and early career to position themselves for success in M&A transactions?
Typically, I have noticed that law schools have a higher degree of inclination towards litigation than corporate matters. Likewise, law students have better exposure to litigation matters. Hence, it is imperative that law students must participate in all relevant events /seminars (typically organised by Investment banking firms/law firms/CA firms) to get exposure to the subject matter.
Additionally, various blogs/research paper are being published by law firms that should be referred regularly. Having internships in law firms with maximum exposure to corporate matters will be very helpful.
Could you share with us the experience of the first time you stepped into a courtroom to argue a case? What was going through your mind, and how did it shape your approach to advocacy?
I consider myself lucky in this respect wherein my senior permitted me to argue a matter when I was just 4-5 months into the profession. My senior mentored/guided me well on the said case. However, it was a bit shaking moment for me till I started making submissions to the Hon’ble Court. Once, I started, it became relatively normal for me.
Courtrooms often witness intriguing moments and unexpected twists. Can you recall any particularly memorable anecdotes or moments from your time practicing law that stand out to you?
On several occasions wherein the Hon’ble judge and/or opposite counsel has agreed to deviate from the established norms keeping the larger interest of the litigants in mind and the same has served very well in the interest of justice. On one such occasion, a key witness has arrived here in India for a minimal time period. Such a witness was critical to the matter. On our request, the Hon’ble court and opposite counsel agreed to complete all procedural aspects concerning such witness on the same day which is not so common.
On several occasions, we are informed about certain documents/events on the day of the hearing which is critically important. Such events on many occasions require us to immediately make suitable changes in our strategy/submission. Due to confidentiality, I will not be able to delve into this any further.
You’ve had an impressive journey from working in prestigious firms like Khaitan & Co and AZB & Partners to founding Catkin Legal. Could you please walk us through your journey and share how each phase of your career contributed to your growth as a legal professional and entrepreneur?
AZB & Partners and Khaitan & Co, are important institutions in my growth as a professional. It provided me with the experience and finesse that a corporate lawyer requires to navigate the era where lawyers are considered valid in board rooms and business transactions, other than just court rooms. While I was working with the firms, they provided me with opportunities to work on some important transactions in the business world. The firms gave me an idea of acceptable global standards and exposure to global working environments. The pedigree I got from the firms has shaped a lot of how we do business in Catkin Legal.
Given your extensive experience in Corporate & Commercial laws, what unique challenges have you encountered in advising companies on Information Security Privacy Law and Cyber Risk Management amidst the digital surge in various industries?
AZB We are seeing a surge in the relevance of lawyers in the new business era. Business heads are recognising the importance of working with lawyers on a day-to-day business to ensure smoother operations of their businesses. While old business houses are passing on hands to the new generation new leaders are very encouraging of legal support to their business teams in closing transactions and operational issues. While real time businesses are going digital sensitizing leaders on the security of information they are procuring, and the importance of certifications is increasing.
As a strong advocate for mental health, how do you integrate initiatives for well-being within Catkin Legal, and what impact do you believe it has on the overall performance and satisfaction of your team?
At Catkin, we propagate mental health and well-being. Our employees may avail of mental health leave once a month for a day which can be extended. The associates do not need to cite their reason for being on MHL. Additionally, the partners are very aware of not overburdening our associates with manic hours. Associates have the freedom to tell their leaders that they need a break. As leaders, we are responsible for the work but not for deciding when one need a break. The career is very demanding, and we want our associates to run long not fast.
Considering your multifaceted experience, what advice would you give to aspiring legal professionals aiming to build a successful career that transcends traditional boundaries and embraces new dimensions of law and business?
With the energy and enthusiasm the young blood brings to the profession, I would always advise not just new but any lawyer to marry the facts and understand how the business or product runs along with the law. If this does not happen the advice we are dispensing to the client becomes redundant as they cannot execute it on the ground. Due to this gap, there have been numerous judgements that are impossible to implement.
Mentors often play a crucial role in one’s professional development. Could you discuss the influence of any mentors or role models who have inspired and guided you throughout your career journey?
My career is basically me being a living proof that I have had the most amazing mentors. They have helped me navigate the legal profession and understand how to manage teams and clients. But more importantly in their understanding of the law, people management skills, negotiating skills, and life skills
Founding Catkin Legal marked a significant milestone in your career. What motivated you to establish your own firm, and what were some of the initial challenges you faced in setting up and establishing its reputation in the legal industry?
I think starting my own law firm was always a goal. My parents- who have always been the wind beneath my wings were very encouraging of starting my own practice even though I do not come from a family of lawyers. Believing in my goal every day in the last 15 years and working on that goal every day and working on myself made me start my firm. One of the key challenges we face is to keep being relevant. We keep upgrading our skill set and recrafting our working models to ensure we are a relevant and sustainable firm
Building a clientele and reputation from scratch can be daunting. Can you share some strategies or initiatives you implemented in the early days of Catkin Legal to attract clients and differentiate your firm in a competitive market?
Balancing multiple responsibilities as a managing partner, legal advisor, and advocate for mental health advocacy can be demanding. How do you prioritize your time and commitments to ensure both professional excellence and personal well-being? I think all these roles are interdependent. I try and understand the urgency and support required for each situation on a weekly basis and set my priority on a need basis. I believe in a physically fit and mentally healthy life, so for me, that comes first. I do not work alone. I have teams for all tasks and project- Home-work -or anywhere else where I want to contribute. Creating and cherishing capable leaders and individuals within or teams, helps us go a long way.
Your career has seen transitions from working in prestigious law firms to in-house legal roles and eventually founding your own firm. Could you share your experience of navigating these transitions and highlight the differences in working environments between law firms, corporate settings, and running your own legal practice?
Law firms and business houses systems are already in place. You come in and integrate into an already existing system and grow with the system. Starting a law firm or any business involves starting or creating systems that others can integrate into. As a business owner, the biggest challenge is not creating that ecosystem but ensuring its sustainability. A huge part of my role is troubleshooting to ensure the ecosystem of catkin remains healthy and sustainable in all areas.
With your busy schedule and diverse professional engagements, how do you unwind and recharge outside of work? Could you share some of your favorite relaxation techniques or activities that help you maintain balance and rejuvenate your energy?
A good cardio workout and yoga is my favourite kind of unwinding. I try to pack in this at least six times a week. I enjoy a good movie. I like to read, but we read a lot at work and usually, it becomes my last option. Oh, recently I’ve been enjoying reading storybooks to my two-year-old son.
Reflecting on your journey from college to becoming a Managing Partner at Lawgical Associates, could you share what initially inspired you to pursue a career in law? What experiences or influences shaped your decision to specialize in diverse areas such as labor law, corporate law, and sexual harassment laws?
From my earliest memories, the legal world was ingrained in my upbringing. I come from a family of lawyers and judges and growing up in such a family where law was not just a profession but a way of life, I was surrounded by discussions about cases, debates over legal principles, and the importance of justice. As I delved deeper into my legal studies, I became fascinated by the complexity and diversity of legal issues. I realized that the law touches every aspect of our lives, from business transactions to workplace dynamics and individual rights. This realization motivated me to explore different areas of law and develop expertise in various specialties.
Corporate law appealed to me because of its intersection with business and commerce, offering opportunities to work with diverse clients and navigate complex legal frameworks. Abor and employment law was an extension of my experience as a HR professional. It brings in a human element while engaging with real people be it employer, employee or unions. Labor law has a potential for social impact as you have to handle a diverse range of issues.
My interest in sexual harassment laws stemmed from a deep commitment to combatting gender-based discrimination and creating safer, more inclusive workplaces. I recognized the importance of addressing workplace harassment and discrimination and saw an opportunity to make a meaningful impact through legal advocacy and representation while holding perpetrators accountable.
Overall, my decision to pursue a career in law and specialize in diverse areas was shaped by a combination of personal passion, intellectual curiosity, and a desire to contribute to positive social change. As I progressed in my career and eventually became a Managing Partner at Lawgical Associates, I remained committed to these core values and dedicated myself to using my legal expertise to serve clients and advocate for justice in all its forms.
Your educational journey is quite diverse, starting with a B.Com followed by an MBA before transitioning to law. What motivated this transition?
My family was very professionally driven and encouraged us to have a professional career of our choice and an identity of our own. I did B.Com and MBA in HR as I wanted to be professionally qualified. Post my MBA I worked in private Organizations including Telco wherein I realised that having a law degree especially working in HR & Labour Law domain was not only an additional advantage but necessity especially while dealing with women, blue collared and white collared employees. It also gives you an advantage to see things from a larger perspective. My journey through different fields of study was driven by a combination of curiosity, passion, and a desire for personal growth. In this diverse journey, I have learned that education isn’t a linear path; it’s a mosaic-each piece contributes to the whole.
You have achieved lot of credibility and recognition on the area of Sexual harassment matters with clients across industries. Please elaborate your journey in this area.
Thank you for appreciating and recognising my work in the area of sexual harassment matters. It’s a field that requires both dedication and sensitivity due to the complex and often emotionally charged nature of the cases involved. My journey in this area has been multifaceted, involving both professional development and personal commitment to advocating for justice and equality. It began with a recognition of the pervasive nature of sexual harassment in workplaces across industries and a commitment to addressing this issue head-on. Early on, I sought out opportunities to educate myself on the legal frameworks surrounding sexual harassment, including relevant laws, regulations, and case precedents.
As I delved deeper into this field, I actively sought out opportunities to work with clients across various industries, offering legal guidance and support in navigating sexual harassment allegations and incidents. This involved providing advice on policies and procedures for preventing and addressing sexual harassment, conducting investigations into allegations and representing clients in legal proceedings when necessary.
One of the key aspects of my journey has been building strong relationships with clients and earning their trust as a knowledgeable and reliable advisor in this sensitive area. I prioritize open communication, empathy, and a commitment to understanding each client’s unique needs and concerns. Over time, my efforts have been recognized, leading to increased credibility and recognition in the field of sexual harassment matters. This recognition has opened up opportunities to collaborate with diverse industries, including corporate, nonprofit, educational, and governmental sectors. I provide comprehensive legal counsel on developing and implementing effective sexual harassment policies, conducting investigations into complaints, and advising on appropriate disciplinary actions.
I’ve been actively involved in raising awareness about sexual harassment prevention through speaking engagements, training sessions, and contributing to publications and thought leadership initiatives. By sharing insights, best practices, and practical strategies, I aim to empower organizations to create environments where harassment is not tolerated and where all individuals can thrive.
My experience and commitment in this area has led me to be empanelled with the Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India.
Throughout my journey, I remain dedicated to supporting victims of sexual harassment, holding perpetrators accountable, and promoting environments where all individuals feel safe, respected, and valued. My work in this area is driven by a passion for justice, equity, and creating positive change in the workplace and beyond.
How do you leverage your expertise in consumer laws and medical negligence matters to ensure fair representation for your clients, especially when dealing with sensitive issues like healthcare?
As an advocate with a focus on consumer laws and medical negligence, my approach is to ensure fair representation for clients with a blend of legal acumen, empathy, and strategic advocacy. I delve deep into consumer protection laws, medical jurisprudence, and precedents. Healthcare issues are always emotionally charged so having empathetic listening is crucial which also allows me to tailor legal strategies to align with their unique circumstances. At the same time, it is my responsibility to demystify the legal complexities to my clients and give them right potential outcomes and available options so that they can make informed decisions.
Building a strong case is equally important which I do by gathering medical records and taking expert opinions. I collaborate with medical experts, doctors, specialists and forensic professionals. Their testimony provides objective and insight which in result strengthens our case. At the same time, I believe not all cases need to be courtroom battles so I also explore negotiation and mediations. A fair settlement can provide for a quicker relief without prolonged litigation.
Having advised both Indian and multinational clients on anti-corruption laws, what unique challenges do you encounter in ensuring compliance, and how do you address them effectively?
Advising clients on anti-corruption laws presents unique challenges that require a delicate balance of legal expertise, cultural awareness and strategic thinking. Operating across borders means navigating diverse cultural norms, business practices, and legal systems. Anti-corruption laws vary globally like FCPA (U.S.), UK Bribery Act, Indian Prevention of Corruption Act, (India). Therefore, I have to be constantly updated on legal developments in different jurisdictions to conduct a thorough due diligence. Multinational companies rely on third parties—suppliers, distributors, agents, etc.-these intermediaries can pose corruption risks. Therefore, implementing a robust due diligence process for such third parties is not only a compliance need but an obligation. Further, to strengthen the systems, I also advise my clients to encourage a whistleblower protection scheme to encourage employees to report corruption without retaliation.
Further, employees and stakeholders must understand anti-corruption policies for which regular training sessions and workshops have to be conducted to reinforce compliance expectations. For this also I conduct training workshops for my clients. Compliance is an ongoing process so risk assessment and updating of policies including being aware of changing legal landscapes needs to be there. Effective anti-corruption compliance fosters a culture of integrity, accountability, and transparency.
Given your involvement in conducting legal audits could you elaborate on the importance of due diligence in today’s legal landscape, especially in cross-border transactions?
In today’s complex legal landscape, due diligence plays a pivotal role, especially in cross-border transactions. Given the complexity and potential risks involved in cross-border transactions, conducting thorough due diligence is not just advisable but necessary for ensuring the success and legality of the deal. Different countries have varied laws and regulations governing business operations, contracts, taxation, employment, intellectual property etc. Conducting due diligence helps ensure that the transaction complies with all applicable laws and regulations in each relevant jurisdiction. Cross-border transactions often entail higher levels of risk due to differences in legal systems, cultural norms, political stability, and economic conditions. Due diligence helps identify and assess potential risks associated with the transaction, allowing parties to take appropriate measures to mitigate them.
Thorough due diligence enables parties to assess the financial health and stability of the target company or assets involved in the transaction. Due diligence helps uncover any issues that could damage the parties’ reputations or lead to negative publicity, allowing them to address these issues proactively. The insights gained from due diligence inform the negotiation process and enable parties to make informed decisions regarding the transaction’s terms, structure, and valuation. Due diligence helps ensure that legal documentation, such as contracts, agreements, and disclosures, accurately reflect the terms and conditions of the transaction and adequately protect the parties’ interests.
Whether acquiring a foreign company, forming joint ventures, or expanding globally, thorough due diligence maximizes the chances of a mutually beneficial and successful transaction
As someone who has handled employment and labor law matters extensively, what advice would you give to organizations aiming to foster a harmonious employer-employee relationship while ensuring compliance with labor regulations?
Fostering a harmonious employer-employee relationship while ensuring compliance with labor regulations is essential for organizational success and stability. A positive employer-employee relationship contributes to productivity, loyalty, and overall organizational success.
Having extensive experience in this domain both as a lawyer and a HR professional my advice to Organization would be: firstly, stay updated on labor laws, regulations and compliance requirements relevant to your industry and location. Secondly, encourage open and transparent communication between management and employees. Thirdly, Implement non-discriminatory policies and practices in recruitment, hiring, promotion, compensation, and other employment-related decisions. Fourthly, develop clear and comprehensive policies and procedures that outline employee rights, responsibilities, expectations, and disciplinary processes. Implementing an effective mechanism for resolving conflicts and grievances in the workplace ensures that disputes are addressed promptly and fairly
Further, invest in training and development programs to enhance employee skills and knowledge. This not only improves job performance but also demonstrates a commitment to employee growth and well-being. Creating a positive work environment also goes a long way in building employer-employee relations. Recognize and reward employee contributions and achievements regularly. Encourage teamwork, collaboration, and mutual respect among colleagues
With the ever-increasing stress which individuals face these days, it is advisable to recognize the importance of work-life balance and support initiatives that help employees achieve it which may include offering flexible work arrangements wherever feasible.
When in doubt about compliance with labor laws or handling complex employment related issues, it is advisable to seek guidance from experienced legal professionals specializing in employment and labor law. This would help Organizations in mitigating risks and ensuring adherence to legal requirements.
With your extensive experience, what advice would you offer to aspiring legal professionals looking to carve a niche in multiple practice areas, similar to your trajectory?
First and foremost, advice to young professionals is always consider yourself as a student throughout your lifetime and commit to lifelong learning. Explore diverse legal fields during your education and early career. Master the fundamentals before branching out into multiple practice areas.
Another important aspect is understanding your own strengths and interests and not copying others. Reflect on what aspects of law resonate with you. Gain practical experience in different practice areas through internships, clerkships, or volunteer opportunities. Intern or work in different legal settings be it an individual lawyer, law firms, PSU’S, NGOs or private companies in their corporate legal departments. This hands-on experience will not only help you determine your areas of interest but also develop a versatile skill set.
Another crucial piece of advice I would like to give to young professionals is to develop effective communication skills. As you move forward in your professional journey, the ability to communicate complex legal concepts clearly and persuasively becomes paramount. Work on your oral advocacy, writing, and presentation skills to effectively convey your expertise to clients, colleagues, and other stakeholders.
With your demanding schedule and multifaceted legal practice, how do you unwind and recharge outside of work? Could you share some of your hobbies or activities that help you maintain a healthy work-life balance?
While my schedule can indeed be demanding, but I carve out time to maintain a healthy work life balance Outside work, some of the activities I really like to do is: Travelling – I like exploring new places and experiencing different cultures and cuisines. It allows me to break away from routine, gain new perspectives, and create lasting memories. Music also helps me to unwind and relax. I Iike listening to all kind of music be it classical or upbeat tunes. I myself have learned sitar and table during my college days. Spending time with family and friends helps me to recharge my energy; whether it’s sharing a meal, engaging in meaningful conversations, or simply enjoying each other’s company, these moments help me to unwind and relax.
Would you please share a memorable success story or a particularly challenging case you’ve handled, highlighting the lessons learned and the strategies employed to achieve a favorable outcome?
It was a sexual harassment case against a very renowned doctor of Delhi with more than 30 years’ experience. The complaint was made by two young nurses working with him. Unfortunately, the hospital was more concerned about the doctor and their own reputation rather than addressing such a serious allegation. It was a challenging situation where the credibility and reputation of a renowned doctor was being weighed against grave allegations of sexual harassment made by those nurses. Even within the ICC (Internal Complaints Committee), there was hesitation and discomfort among members about proceeding with the inquiry and few wanted to resign from the ICC. The reluctance of ICC members to continue stemmed from fear of backlash and disbelief in the allegations. It was understandable that the ICC members had reservations about their involvement in such a sensitive and high-profile case. However, their agreement to participate in the inquiry proceedings was a positive step forward, even if it left much of the responsibility on my shoulders as an external member.
Additionally, it was vital to create an environment where the complainants would feel safe and supported throughout the process, despite the challenges posed by the doctor’s reputation and the hospital’s stance. Gathering evidence and securing witness cooperation was equally challenging, compounded by the doctor’s over-confidence and references to high-profile contacts, requires careful management. I knew what was my role in this complex case and so I looked into the matter very objectively without getting pressured by external factors.
Despite the doctor’s challenges and references to high-profile contacts repeatedly, I remain impartial and focused on the facts of the case. I ensured that the inquiry proceeds according to established procedures and protocols, without being swayed by external influences. Though the doctor was very reactive and aggressive, I responded in a calm and professional manner clearly explaining to him the purpose and process of the inquiry, emphasizing the importance of gathering all relevant information to ensure a fair and thorough investigation. I also reassured the witnesses of their confidentiality and protection from any potential repercussions for cooperating with the investigation. I also reminded them that their safety is paramount and their testimony is critical to uncovering the truth. I documented all attempts to influence or obstruct the investigation and this information became relevant for inquiry proceedings. I followed up with witnesses regularly, addressed any concerns they may have, and continued to explore alternative avenues for obtaining information. I conducted a comprehensive investigation into the allegations, interviewing affected employees and reviewing relevant documentation. This helped in uncovering patterns of behavior that supported the claims of sexual harassment. I remained persistent and diligent in my efforts to gather evidence (both direct & corroborative) and secured witness cooperation. Finally, truth prevailed and despite the challenges faced, truth prevailed and appropriate action was taken against the doctor.
Dealing with challenges and resistance in such cases can be emotionally taxing, but it’s important to remain resilient and committed to upholding justice.
Can you share with us how your journey into the field of law began? What motivated you to pursue a career in law, and what challenges did you encounter during your formative years in the legal profession?
Frankly speaking, I was really bad at science and mathematics so that door was closed but had always liked to engage into arguments only to ensure that I have to fight for the right coupled with the attraction of the robes that lawyers carried in the courts which motivated me to the core. Now, I thank myself for choosing law as my career as well as my family and friends who supported my decision.
I never faced any challenge by the way, as I loved what I was doing, that included drafting, reading, researching as well appearing before the courts and tribunals. The only difficulty was to cope up with the financial doldrums. So, with whatever time I could manage and owing to my passion for teaching which I had developed during my law school, I engaged myself in taking up classes at universities, coaching institutes including taking up training sessions at ICSI and ICAI and was the youngest guest faculty at most of the places. That not only encouraged me to read and be well versed with the latest updates, it also helped me to have a harmonious balance between my expenses and income. Though the journey at Infosys, Vaish and thereafter with my litigation guru, Late Shri MR Singhvi, Senior Advocate and most importantly, my favourite mentor, Sr. Advocate Shri Ravi Bhansali was phenomenal and all the hard work and perseverance has led to the present day, for which I can’t thank enough to all those who had supported me in minutes.
As the Founder and Head of Singhvi & Co., what inspired you to establish your own legal consultancy firm, and what were some of the challenges you faced in the initial stages?
I always believe that as a team of young individuals, you can always do more, think more and prosper more. The idea to have a team was dawning on my mind since law school days when we used to intern at various law offices and see the seamless way of functioning and sharing of thoughts and ideas. As a first generation lawyer, when you think of having your team, it brings along that guts to incur expenses of having proper office space, payment of professional fee to the team as well as office administration expenses. So, during the initial days, I ended up squeezing all my income in order to cope up with the management of the office. Though, the scope of work increased along with the client base and we could eventually end up serving varied clients at different locations with ease and came out with amazing reliefs and results from Hon’ble Courts and tribunals apart from serving the clients on non-litigation work.
Empanelled as counsel for various esteemed institutions, could you shed light on the significance of such partnerships in your legal practice? Also could you please share some insights to your role.
In the beginning of my career, I always saw others engaging and thriving into empanelment of various private and government institutions but I was always busy serving my clients and could not spare time to invest in the effort to get myself empanelled anywhere. I always focused on work and ensuring timely resolution of my client’s grievances. With 7-8 years of experience in my kitty and having developed little name and reputation, there came a time when various institutions and companies approached for engaging me as a retainer/empanel as their lawyer and time just went in a jiffy without realizing the journey which has been extremely rewarding, challenging and full of learning nuance. The focus is yet again on serving clients with honesty and integrity and that is the success mantra.
Given your interest in contract and arbitration, could you discuss the evolving landscape of dispute resolution mechanisms in India, particularly in light of recent legal developments?
Even as a law student, I was very keen in learning about the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 and used to request the seniors during my internships to involve and engage me in the respective arbitration and dispute resolution team which nurtured my mind at the very inception. The timely resolution of the disputes with such flexibility in approach revolutionized my mind and shaped me to work more and more towards this stream and today I have the honor to have resolved disputes related to partnerships, infrastructure, construction and JV and working capital consortium agreements amassing more than 3000 Crores. India has passed the proverbial litmus test after conjoint efforts from across the wings of the government in the last decade or so and has left no stone unturned to transform India into a matured arbitration hub and the future seems to be extremely promising and fructifying.
As a visiting faculty member at various institutions, how do you integrate academic insights into your legal practice, and what do you hope to impart to aspiring legal professionals through your teaching engagements?
I always believe that the best way to keep yourself updated is to read and exchange. When you have to teach, you end up doing both though you do not realize that you gain so much from the students and professionals you engage with which will shape you into a better, healthier and smarter lawyer. I have been very practical in my approach towards my life as well as profession and that’s what I request each and every individual.
As someone deeply involved in real estate transactions, what are some key legal considerations that individuals or companies often overlook when engaging in such deals, and how do you ensure comprehensive due diligence?
Land due diligence is the most critical aspect which was not really considered by the general public, barring corporate dealing into big land parcels. Over the past 10-15 years, I have witnessed imperative growth and recognition which has been extended to DD which assists to thoroughly investigate and assess the details & risks associated with a transaction before taking a final decision on the execution and acts as a shield to protect against possible fraud which is very common these days.
As someone pursuing CS [Final], how do you perceive the intersection of company secretarial practice with your legal expertise, and how does it complement your role as a legal consultant? Also what motivated you to pursue a Ph.D. in Law, and how has this advanced degree contributed to your expertise and outlook in the legal field?
I understood the importance of studies and knowledge gaining while being a part of Infosys which believed in the Continuous Education Programme (CEP) and that motivated me to improvise my skills and knowledge and learn every day. The process of learning in an advocate’s life is imperative and keeps you in line with the advancement of life, law and technology. Doctorate in law allowed me to understand the importance of research which I was always very keen on and is one of the important pillars for any one practicing law.
As a visiting faculty member interacting with students, what positive attributes do you find most prevalent among the current generation, and conversely, are there any areas you believe they could improve upon to excel in the legal profession?
The present generation is advanced, well-read and extremely stylish. Though, I see that they need to learn to remain grounded and stick to the basics of law and life which will prepare them to accommodate and live with the day to day challenges and set-backs litigation can offer you. Being punctual can add feathers to your profession as you may miss your matter by a fraction of second and the litigant suffers. This is just not a profession, this is service to the society and that’s why we lawyers are known as social engineers. Though, I believe that the upcoming generation should focus on dress well, address well and redress well.
With your busy schedule and demanding profession, it’s essential to find moments of relaxation. Could you share some activities or practices you engage in to unwind and recharge outside of work?
I am fortunate to have my life partner, Deepika as a professional partner as well and that keeps us occupied and entertained. We travel a lot for work and use it for leisure as well and that maintains work-life balance. Thankfully, in Rajasthan we have a long summer break and decent winter break, which we dedicate to travel abroad with family and this has now become a norm of our lifestyle. We also enjoy cricket and our leisure time is mostly spent with family and friends while enjoying music and rejuvenating ourselves.
Your internship experience includes working with Infosys, a renowned IT company. How has this experience influenced your perspective on legal matters, and what differences, if any, did you observe between working in a law firm and an IT corporation?
The work there was limited to compliance and drafting with minimal court work. Though, working with the top in-house legal team with fantabulous work style and strategies shaped my capacity to perceive, interpret and implement complex legal issues which has culminated into a matured and calculated approach in the legal profession.
Hello and welcome everyone to Super Lawyer. Today, we have with us, Ms.Pallavi Pratap, who has been named BW Top 40 Under 40 Lawyer She is a legal influencer. She is a women’s rights activist, health enthusiast, and managing partner of Pratap and company. She is a legacy in herself.
Ma’am, our first question would be to understand how you enter the legal field. And what made you pursue this path? Then how did you come up with your Pratap and company and make it such a big name in this legal background? What were the challenges? Would you like to share it with us?
The challenges I think were stupendous, but, how it started, I am an accidental lawyer. It was not that it was something that was planned as a matter of fact. I remember that when people would talk about being a lawyer, at least in my generation. That was for people who had done nothing in their life. So because you’ve not achieved anything. So you become a lawyer. That is how, you know, a lawyer was perceived then. So my law happened because after graduation, I was preparing for UPSC.
And so I did my law, one year, I think I did then. Then, because I was not able to crack UPSC, my parents thought that you know, I should go abroad and maybe do an MBA, and back then MBA was like how it is right now, LLB. So everybody was doing MBA, so I went to Australia, and I did my MBA there. Then I did my research in France. I came back and then I started to work in a small investment banking company and, that was going okay. It was all right. By the time I think I was married also. So I had two years of law left. So I had to finish off my law and then pursue my investment banking career.
It was long, and it was difficult at that moment because I think the dot com bubble had just happened. Subprime mortgages that entire 2008, and 2009 time when the economy was not doing very well. We all had challenges then, especially since. I had done my MBA and I was looking at the corporate side to work in. Then interestingly, what happened was since I was married, my husband and I thought that, it had been some years and that we should go the family way. And so the job I was doing was not so easy to continue, because, with the kind of pressure that we had on the corporate side, it was not possible.
So, my father suggested that then, why don’t you pursue law? Because it will be easier. You won’t have to put in so many hours and just take it slowly. So I just started working with an AOR. And, I remember it was around 2011, 12, something like that, when I started. Went on for four, or five years, but I was never serious about pursuing law as a career.
I thought that I would go back to the private sector. Because at that time when I shifted, I was already associate vice president. I was associate vice president at the age of 28. So the next in line was VP, which is what I was due for. And then I would have been the CEO of the company that I was in.
At one point, I had aspirations of becoming a CEO by the age of 32 or 33. However, life has a way of throwing unexpected challenges our way. At that time, my husband and I were facing difficulties conceiving naturally, leading us to explore IVF options, which involved hormone injections and a break from my career.
During this hiatus, I began studying law, initially considering it a temporary measure until circumstances improved and I could return to my original career path. Life, however, had other plans. In 2015 or 2016, my husband and I decided to separate.
Around the same time, I found employment in an Advocate-On-Record’s office. It was a demanding role where I was the sole junior, responsible for a wide range of tasks—from clerical duties to drafting and translation. My workdays were long, often stretching from 9 AM to 8:30 or 9 PM, with additional work at home, particularly for translations.
Despite the challenges, this experience proved invaluable. Working on translations, especially for criminal cases, provided me with a deep understanding of the legal system. I vividly recall translating extensive criminal appeal files, including everything from FIRs to witness statements, which significantly enhanced my knowledge of the Criminal Procedure Code (CRPC). Despite initially viewing translation as a mundane task, it ultimately became a vital learning opportunity, enriching my understanding of legal proceedings.
So, I found myself in a unique position where I witnessed the entire trial unfolding before me. It’s interesting, as you mentioned, how the younger generation seems less inclined towards traditional legal tasks. Many shy away from such responsibilities, deeming them beneath a lawyer’s stature. I never viewed any task as beneath me. Perhaps it was my genuine interest or simply a lack of concern about status. However, I’ve encountered individuals who readily embrace tasks like using Google Translate, yet hesitate when faced with last-minute requests for simple tasks.
Everyone has their preferences, and I don’t expect anyone to work for free. However, these experiences taught me invaluable lessons, especially in service matters. Translating documents provided insights into the intricacies of drafting annual confidential reports, sending notices, and crafting representations. While building something akin to SAM or CAM was never my ambition, I recognized my limitations and aimed to excel within them.
I aspired to establish a reputable litigation firm, one that keeps me consistently engaged with meaningful cases. Initially, the thought of becoming a counsel didn’t even cross my mind. Yet, over time, everything seemed to naturally fall into place. Through gradual progression, I honed my skills in argumentation and management, embracing unforeseen opportunities as they arose.
Earlier today, I had a conversation at NCLAT with a fellow law firm owner, where we delved into the intricate challenges of managing multiple aspects simultaneously. Balancing client needs, court proceedings, and financial matters poses a significant challenge for all of us in the legal profession.
My background in MBA has played a pivotal role in navigating these complexities. From my early days in India, I’ve been deeply involved with startups, often spearheading new verticals or assisting nascent companies. This experience instilled in me a knack for cost-cutting and efficient work practices.
Despite the perception that our workload necessitates a large team, we operate with a lean staff of three to four individuals. Remarkably, my colleagues typically wrap up by early evening without the need to carry work home. Our ability to manage substantial workloads with minimal resources is a testament to our strategic approach.
This proficiency in streamlining operations and maximizing productivity stems from my understanding of running a small company or startup. While the journey has been challenging, it has also been immensely rewarding. As I reflect on our progress, I’m intrigued by what the future holds.
Could you elaborate on how your MBA background aided you in navigating the challenges of establishing and managing your law firm, especially during the initial stages when resources were limited? Many lawyers don’t possess an MBA, so it would be insightful to understand how this unique combination of qualifications has influenced your approach to addressing the complexities of running a law practice efficiently.
Let me share a personal anecdote that shaped my perspective early in life. During my MBA days in Australia, despite having financial support from my father, I chose to work part-time. In Melbourne, there’s a bustling spot called Victoria Market where I found myself selling a product called a spilling remover—a simple solution for common clothing woes like pilling or pet hair. Standing on a podium, I’d invite passersby to experience its effectiveness, selling it for $25 apiece. Essentially, it was just sandpaper in a plastic box, but to foreigners, it was a valuable solution, earning me commissions and teaching me the art of salesmanship.
My MBA background, particularly in finance, proved invaluable during this time. It equipped me with the skills to calculate ROIs, analyze top and bottom lines, and assess a company’s sustainability. These skills became especially relevant when I ventured into investment banking, where projections and financial viability are paramount in securing investments.
With my prior experience in startups, I quickly identified areas for improvement in my work. However, having faced challenges before, I knew how to navigate them efficiently. I attribute much of my success to the incredible support system I had. Individuals like Kunal, my office manager, and Anshini bhaiya, my clerk, played pivotal roles, often handling tasks beyond their responsibilities, which allowed us to achieve more with fewer resources. Their dedication and support were instrumental in overcoming obstacles and propelling our endeavors forward.
The backbone of any endeavor lies in its team and resources. Since the inception of our journey, our staff has been integral to our success. Through thick and thin, from the earliest filings to the present day, they have remained steadfastly by my side. While we may engage in spirited debates and disagreements, our loyalty and commitment to one another have never wavered. I am confident that this bond will endure for as long as we continue on this path.
Reflecting on my MBA experience, I came to realize the true essence of networking. Contrary to popular belief, simply meeting people at conferences or social events does not guarantee professional opportunities. People seldom recall such encounters, let alone entrust you with work. Recognizing this, I adopted a sales-oriented approach. Rather than passively networking, I embraced the role of a salesperson, focusing on promoting my skills and capabilities.
In the world of sales, one must shed inhibitions and relentlessly advocate for oneself. I vividly recall my time in Australia, where I worked for a charity, going door-to-door soliciting donations. It was a challenging task, compounded by cultural differences and occasional hostility. Despite the hurdles, I persevered, driven by a sense of purpose and determination to succeed.
I recall my experience working in a call center, specifically in Australia, where my role involved selling gas connections and DTH connections similar to Tata Sky. This exposure to sales was invaluable, as it instilled in me a sense of confidence and fearlessness when approaching potential clients. I never hesitated to assertively offer my services, knowing that showcasing my expertise was essential in securing work opportunities.
Even during challenging times, like the onset of COVID-19, the emergence of social media platforms provided a new avenue for me to showcase my skills. Despite facing skepticism and criticism from some quarters, I remained undeterred. I understood that to thrive in a competitive environment without the backing of a “Godfather,” I needed to directly engage with clients and demonstrate the value I could bring to their projects.
Over the past decade, I have accumulated significant experience and expertise. This journey has allowed me to reach a point where I can afford to take a step back and explore other interests while still maintaining a strong professional foundation.
But those 10 – 11 years. When I was putting in the effort, there was nothing else that I ever thought of. Nothing else except for work.
when did you decide to become an AOR?
As I mentioned earlier, I was struggling with my legal career at one point. I was employed in an AOR’s (Advocate-On-Record) office, and around 2010 or 2011, when I enrolled for a five-year program, I was disinterested in learning. I had convinced myself that returning to the private sector was my goal and that the legal work I was doing felt beneath me.
However, my perspective shifted when I began working in the AOR’s office in December 2015. Almost impulsively, I decided to fill out the AOR examination form. By May 2016, with just six months of experience in the AOR’s office and 15 days of preparation, I attempted the AOR examination and passed it on my first try.
Some may argue that the paper that year was easier, attributing my success to luck. Yet, passing the AOR exam gave me a newfound confidence. I realized that achieving such a feat, especially in my first attempt, meant I possessed a deeper understanding of the law than I had previously acknowledged. Many struggle to pass this examination even after multiple attempts, but I succeeded on my first try, affirming my competence in the legal field.
Becoming an AOR transformed my attitude towards law. Before this achievement, I had contemplated returning to the private sector, disliking my work in law. However, my success in the AOR exam propelled me into taking my legal career more seriously. I no longer viewed legal practice as beneath me; instead, I embraced it wholeheartedly.
This experience taught me the importance of self-belief and determination. It was a turning point in my career, marking the moment when I transitioned from a disillusioned legal professional to a committed and passionate advocate.
Given your passion for your company, how do you envision your plans for the next five to seven years, particularly considering the increased responsibility that comes with holding an AOR position? How do you intend to align this responsibility with your commitment to societal causes over the next three to five years?
To be honest, there isn’t as much involvement in societal causes for me anymore. It used to be more prevalent when I was handling those types of cases. Unfortunately, it seems now people view me more as a criminal lawyer, and I’m fine with that too. If such cases come my way, I won’t deny them. However, my passion still lies in issues related to women. It’s something that has always been close to my heart, stemming from my own experiences, and I believe it will continue to be so.
Looking ahead, my focus for the next three to five years is to engage more in courtroom arguments. It’s something I’ve grown to enjoy, albeit it took me some time to overcome certain inhibitions. Learning the art of effective argumentation—knowing when to speak, when to stay silent, and how to present without offending the judge—is an ongoing process for me. I’m still refining these skills, recognizing that I have much more to learn.
On the business front, I’m content with where our firm stands currently. While I naturally aspire to increase our turnover and the number of cases we handle, I’m grateful that growth seems to be happening organically. Our caseload is steadily increasing, almost on its own accord. This year, one of my resolutions is to travel extensively, aiming to visit at least one high court every month.
In January, I traveled to Bangalore, and this weekend, I’ll be heading to Indore. My purpose isn’t solely work-related; I’m eager to connect with more people, understand the challenges they face, and perhaps offer solutions where I can. Over the past year, I’ve noticed an intensification of challenges, particularly with the heightened competition in our field. It’s become overwhelming for many of us, prompting me to strategize on how best to navigate these obstacles.
Moreover, at 41, I find myself contemplating life goals and priorities. Having dedicated over two decades to work since 2006, I’m now at a juncture where I seek to carve out time for personal pursuits that have taken a backseat for far too long. I aim to pave the way for the next decade to embrace endeavors beyond the confines of immediate obligations.
Undoubtedly, there are struggles. Despite societal shifts, challenges persist, especially for individuals like us. As a woman in the legal profession, I continue to encounter hurdles in what is still largely a male-dominated arena. The landscape may have evolved, but the inherent obstacles remain, requiring perseverance and resilience to navigate effectively.
How do you approach supporting individuals, particularly women, who are encountering challenges in today’s rapidly evolving landscape, both in the physical and online realms? What strategies do you envision employing to navigate these dual challenges effectively?
You know, it’s been overwhelming. My Instagram feed is flooded with hateful messages. If I were to delve into each one of them, it would undoubtedly take a toll on my mental health. Not that it isn’t already suffering. But being on social media with an open profile invites all sorts of comments, and learning to brush them off is a skill I’m still struggling to master.
Unfortunately, it’s not just confined to social media. Even within the corridors of the Supreme Court, women are often objectified and subjected to gossip. For someone like me, with a past that seems to precede me, it feels like my right to exist is constantly under scrutiny.
No matter how many times people express admiration or claim to find inspiration in my social media presence, it’s that one negative comment that sticks, lingering and gnawing at my self-esteem. It’s a daily battle to overcome these obstacles, and for someone who has endured their fair share of hardships, it’s particularly draining.
I’m sure many other women can relate to this struggle. Moreover, there’s this tendency to label women who speak out as playing the victim card. Frankly, it’s disheartening. That’s why I’ve become increasingly selective about engaging online. This interview marks a significant departure for me, as I’ve largely refrained from public appearances due to the incessant accusations of victimhood.
I want to share with you the unfiltered truth about my life experiences. It’s not about playing a victim card – that won’t put food on my table, pay my bills, or sustain my livelihood. The notion of a victim card is dismissive; it doesn’t address the real struggles we face. Some may perceive my openness about challenges as playing a victim, but that’s far from the truth. I’m simply acknowledging the hurdles I’ve encountered.
It’s incredibly tough for people to grasp your reality. Instead of understanding, they’re quick to judge, criticize, and spread rumours. They’ll label you as overly emotional, assertive, or worse, without considering the battles you’ve fought and the strength it took to overcome them. It’s disheartening when your personal struggles are overshadowed by baseless gossip and scrutiny.
The most painful part is the lack of acknowledgement of your journey. Nobody talks about the countless hours spent preparing for battles in court, the mental health challenges conquered, or the physical changes and hormonal shifts that women face as they age. Society tends to brush these issues aside, reducing individuals to mere stereotypes, ripe for gossip and condemnation.
As a 41-year-old woman, I’m acutely aware of the changes my body undergoes and the societal pressures that accompany them. Yet, these struggles are often dismissed or exploited for gossip fodder. It’s a reminder that despite our accomplishments and resilience, society’s perception of us remains narrow and judgmental.
Many women in the legal profession, particularly those in the Supreme Court, encounter similar challenges. However, I must acknowledge a positive shift in recent times. The judges have become notably supportive and accommodating. It’s truly remarkable. They allow us to present our arguments and make our points heard, even in cases where they ultimately dismiss them. Regardless of the outcome, they ensure that we have a platform to voice our perspectives.
This newfound environment is instrumental in bolstering our confidence. We no longer feel scrutinized or judged based on our gender or professional standing. Instead, the emphasis is on fostering an inclusive space where everyone, regardless of gender, feels empowered to express themselves. Even if we falter or struggle to articulate our arguments convincingly, the judges still provide us with the chance to speak up and be heard.
For women practicing law, this shift has certainly made our journey smoother. We now have a supportive framework that encourages us to participate actively in legal proceedings without fear of bias or discrimination.
How can individuals facing similar situations find support? It’s essential to reach out and seek solace, even if it’s challenging. In my experience, friends outside India often find comfort in supportive communities that share their grief. This support, although seemingly small, can make a significant difference, especially for those from different generations.
This generation possesses a remarkable clarity of vision that I find truly inspiring. I often marvel at how certain they are about their aspirations; a quality I wish I had when I was their age. In my workplace, I am surrounded by exceptionally talented colleagues, particularly women, who exude confidence and decisiveness in their pursuits. Their directness and self-assurance are qualities I deeply admire, especially as I continue to grapple with moments of self-doubt.
I have always had a special admiration for women who excel in their fields. I recall my own approach to work—when a task was assigned to me, it became my responsibility, my challenge to conquer. This same work ethic is evident in the remarkable women I work alongside today. Take, for example, one of my juniors who is currently navigating a challenging phase in her career. Despite the obstacles she faces, I am immensely proud of her resilience and determination. Witnessing her growth and perseverance fills me with pride, and I am confident that she is destined for great success.
You’re deeply committed to mentoring, which is commendable. Have you extended this mentorship to your siblings, given that you’ve essentially established a legal dynasty within your family? Your journey must have been inspiring for them. Could you share more about how you’ve influenced and motivated your sister and brother in their legal pursuits?
My brother and sister, if you were to ask them independently, they would both attest that their successes were entirely self-made. They’ve each carved out their own paths without needing much guidance from me. It’s remarkable how they’ve managed to flourish independently. In our household, everyone is quite aware of each other’s endeavors.
However, collaborating with individuals from diverse backgrounds and mindsets has been a transformative experience for me. Working with these incredible women has been an eye-opener. Take Muskan, for example, she’s sitting right here. She has taught me invaluable lessons. I merely have to express what needs to be done, and somehow, she accomplishes it effortlessly. Her efficiency has significantly lightened my workload, allowing me to breathe more easily since she joined the team.
Then there’s Kinjal. What sets her apart is her laid-back demeanor. She effortlessly integrates modern slang and vibes into her work. It’s truly refreshing to witness their relaxed approach. I’ve always envied their ability to stay cool under pressure. Even now, I find myself bogged down by stress. Yet, these young individuals produce impeccable work effortlessly. Their talent and composure never cease to amaze me. I wish I possessed their level-headedness and skill.
Muskan, even though I had been practicing in NCLAT for a long time when Muskan came, she told me so many things about NCLAT procedures that I had no idea about. And similarly, when Kinjal came. She taught me so many things about lower court proceedings that I had no idea. So it’s just that you learn so many things from them.
Now, shifting gears, could you share how you unwind and manage stress? Specifically, what hobbies or activities do you engage in for your mental well-being? Additionally, given your dedication to fitness, could you elaborate on your workout routine and its impact on your personal and professional growth?
Let me share a bit about my journey. When my husband and I were trying to conceive, I underwent hormone injections, and I was around 80 kgs at that time—I mean, significantly overweight. This led to a myriad of issues, including depression, body image concerns, and a lack of confidence. It was a challenging period.
However, I gradually discovered the power of exercise. The endorphins released during workouts made me feel happier and more content with myself. It became a habit—one that I’ve maintained to this day. Even if I take a short break from the gym, I find myself back there on the fourth day, even if just for some cardio. While I haven’t transformed into a thin person, due to my genetic makeup, exercise has become a cornerstone of my routine.
Starting my day with a workout sets a positive tone that lasts until at least four o’clock. Achieving small victories in the gym, like lifting my body weight during a deadlift, instills a sense of pride and confidence that carries over into other aspects of life.
I’ve been open about having a therapist, and I speak with them once a week. It’s essential to address mental health issues, whether it’s depression or anxiety, which are prevalent among lawyers. Seeking help is crucial; you can only do so much on your own. Since the onset of COVID, I’ve maintained this routine, seeing my therapist regularly.
As for my reading habit, it’s part of my daily schedule. By 8 o’clock, after the kids are occupied, I dive into work, reviewing files and preparing for the next day. By 9 o’clock, I wrap up, and that’s when I look forward to the highlight of my day—relaxing in bed with a book. It’s a simple pleasure that keeps me grounded.
Previously, before I incorporated reading into my routine, I’d anticipate watching a show like Frasier or any comedy series at 9 o’clock. Having something to look forward to at the end of the day helped me navigate through it. That’s been my survival strategy.
How do you tackle the challenge of motivating first-generation lawyers and aspiring legal professionals to take their roles seriously and enhance their skills? How can they overcome obstacles such as lack of mentorship and difficulty in establishing connections within the legal community? What advice would you offer to these newcomers to the profession?
Look, I’ll be the first to admit that I sometimes struggle to keep up with emails and messages. Frankly, we receive an overwhelming volume of them every single day. Ideally, I’d love to have a larger team to ensure every email gets a prompt response. However, the reality is, we operate with limited resources.
As much as I’d love to have a team of interns, our resources simply don’t stretch that far. It’s not about lacking the space; it’s about ensuring that if we do take on interns, we can provide them with a valuable learning experience. I wouldn’t want to bring on interns only to find we can’t offer them adequate stipends or meaningful guidance.
Internships here are rare occurrences, happening perhaps once every couple of months. The main challenge isn’t space but our court commitments. Until 4 o’clock, we’re typically tied up in court proceedings, and even if interns were to join us, the complex nature of legal proceedings means they wouldn’t gain much insight. Understanding court proceedings takes years, not months.
While it’s possible to observe court sessions virtually, it doesn’t necessarily translate to meaningful learning. Instead, I believe interns would benefit more from gaining hands-on experience in lower courts where they can actively engage and learn the ropes of legal practice.
Maybe you can go to the High Court and see how the original side works. But coming directly to the Supreme Court, I think the challenges are huge and very difficult. You can maybe learn bail applications and how they are being argued, but I still think that there’s just so much to learn that in five years you can’t learn all of that.
The other thing I think is that, see, you get to know whether you’re good at it or not. You know, you are always true to yourself. So the moment you know that you’re good at it, and you’re able to generate work, and you think you will be able to do it, you will be able to put in the hours, do it. Do litigation.
But if you think that you’re not cut out for it, don’t waste your time trying to prove something that, you know, is not possible. If I were to be a corporate lawyer, maybe that’s not something that I would have been able to do. I enjoyed litigation and that’s why I’ve been able to do it.
And I think the last thing that I would want to say to the interns. I honestly feel that internship is not the most important thing. Believe me, an internship is no way that one would want anything to happen. Not true. It’s not the internship. But it is primarily what you make of yourself after law school.
You are studying in law school, but once you are out of law school, how willing are you to work in court and learn? You know, there have been kids who’ve come to me and they’ve said that we want work-life balance. I said, that’s fine. My office gives you a work-life balance because it’s quarter to seven.
My office is empty. And this is a Thursday. Why? Because there is always a work-life balance in my office. Nobody has to come into the office in the morning. Everybody comes to the court at 10 o’clock and then by 6.30, everybody’s out. So if then you are coming and telling me that you can’t even put in eight hours or nine hours of work, then I think, then you are not cut out for this profession.
Because the office is closed, now my staff is gone, I have put in 8 hours already, and now I have to put in 6 more hours, be it in the morning 2 hours and 4 hours in the night, to figure out how to do the billing, to figure out, briefing for tomorrow’s matters, like I have a conference at 8.30, now nobody else is going to do it, I will only have to do it, so you have to be prepared that you can work 14 hours a day.
Can you share your diverse and enriching journey from IIT Kharagpur to founding Umbrella Legal. What inspired you to transition from a technical background to a career in law and entrepreneurship?
Thank you Superlawyer Team for this opportunity and I feel very lucky to be approached and interviewed for the second time in my legal career. To begin with, I am a first-generation lawyer who, in my third year of engineering, made the decision to shift gears. Throughout 4 years of engineering college, I participated in various extracurricular and events, which gradually led me to realize my passion and aptitude for law. During the final year of my engineering studies, subjects such as introduction to patents and technology transfer solidified my resolve to pursue law after engineering, with the aim of integrating knowledge from both fields to tackle complex issues. So, at the end of 4 years of engineering college, I opted for a three-year law program specialized for individuals with a technical background at RGSOIPL, IIT Kharagpur, instead of pursuing MTech or joining a corporate job. I had wonderful cohorts and friends at law school, who added to the need to challenge myself for learning and gaining experience.
Following campus recruitment at IIT Kharagpur, I joined Hero MotoCorp’s R&D setup as part of their IP cell, gaining valuable experience in handling patent-related matters. After a tenure of 2.5 years at Hero, I transitioned to TCS as an IP analyst, where I delved into core IP issues and gained extensive exposure to domestic and international IP laws, particularly in the software domain. While recognized as a valuable asset at TCS, I felt the urge to broaden my legal expertise, leading me to join Bajaj Electricals as Manager-Legal and IP. In this role, I provided comprehensive legal support across various departments, refining my leadership skills and navigating complex legal challenges across multiple business verticals over a span of 2.5 years. Subsequently, I moved to ATC Tires Private Limited, further expanding my legal exposure and expertise in handling legal and compliance matters.
The transition from an in-house counsel role to an entrepreneurial position is not abrupt but rather rooted in a steadfast aspiration that began during law school to establish my own firm. Through exposure and accumulated experience in the legal field, I eventually reached the point where I felt confident enough to leave my corporate position and embark on this entrepreneurial journey.
Starting Umbrella Legal must have been an exciting yet daunting venture. What were some of the initial challenges you faced, and how did you overcome them to establish a successful legal practice?
I think the decision to leave my position as Senior Manager-Legal in 2022 to start my own firm has been the biggest challenge. The magnitude of this challenge becomes evident when starting without an existing client base, despite a decade of experience. Over time, I learned to cultivate relationships and instil trust with clients gradually. My background as an in-house counsel proved invaluable in comprehending the intricacies of transactions from both business and legal perspectives, affording me a distinct advantage in handling certain complex matters.
Your involvement with teaching and providing legal exposure to students at NMIMS Mumbai and IIM Bodhgaya is commendable. What drives you to impart knowledge and mentorship, and how do you believe it contributes to the legal profession?
My father, a teacher himself, instilled in me the value of imparting knowledge and contributing to the community. I have a fondness for teaching, and whenever the opportunity arises, I am committed to delivering my best as a faculty member. As a legal professional, I actively engage in continuous learning, staying updated on emerging trends in law, and giving back to the legal community through knowledge sharing, mentorship programs, and academic collaborations.
I had the pleasure of teaching two modules of the executive law program at IIM Bodhgaya, where participants engaged in discussions on legal interpretation, case studies, and shared their experiences in addressing similar issues within their organizations. Teaching law, to me, is about more than just imparting knowledge; it’s also an opportunity to learn from diverse perspectives and experiences.
As someone deeply involved in the startup ecosystem, what do you believe are the key legal challenges that startups often overlook, and how can they proactively address them to ensure long-term success?
The legal challenges start from selection of entities to incorporate to finally implementing practices to mitigate legal risks. I remember having this discussion with a client wherein they were ready to deploy all measures to ensure that accounts become up and running from day 1 but when it was time for legal compliances, the reply was “is it absolutely necessary” and what would be the penalty, if not complied.
Certain startups fail to recognize the significance of completing legal paperwork, safeguarding intellectual property, establishing legal frameworks, and formalizing co-founder agreements and equity distribution plans. The initial action to tackle these matters involves engaging an attorney for in-depth discussions concerning your needs, financial constraints, and deadlines. Establishing a structured timeline ensures that all necessary steps are taken in a timely manner.
Becoming a registered patent agent is a significant achievement. Could you share with us your experience preparing for and passing the Indian Patent Agent Examination?
In 2013, while serving as Deputy Manager at Hero MotoCorp, I successfully passed the patent agent examination. In my role, I was tasked with various responsibilities such as conducting patent searches, drafting, filing, and providing related advisory services. Given the frequent engagement with patent-related matters, I found myself referring to the relevant laws and regulations multiple times a day, inadvertently preparing me for the examination. Moreover, drafting patent specifications as part of my duties involved comprehending the inventions conceived by inventors, further enhancing my preparation for the examination.
Your involvement in advising on software patents and navigating the complexities of international patent filings is impressive. What unique considerations or challenges arise when dealing with software-related inventions in the context of patents, and how do you address them?
My exposure to software patents and challenges around them began with my engagement with TCS, Mumbai. I joined TCS in January 2015 and just a few months before, the Alice vs. The CLS case was decided in the US Supreme Court and every software company was concerned with the verdict. In that case, it was held that patent claims granted for computer-implemented electronic escrow services were directed to abstract ideas and not patentable subject matter. This case had a profound impact on the way of examination of software patents and laid out two step analysis. India patent office on the other hand was busy drafting CRI guidelines for examination of computer related inventions but there were a lot of comments and recommendations given by industry players upon release of those guidelines due to clarity and interpretation issues. One of the biggest challenges after the Alice case was to overcome the 101 rejections in the US with limited support available from pre-Alice patent specification.
You’ve mentioned handling complex transactions during your tenure with some of India’s biggest companies. Can you share some strategies or approaches you utilized when faced with particularly challenging cases, such as those involving intricate IP issues or high-stakes legal matters?
Navigating transactions entangled in numerous legal complexities demands meticulous strategic planning, clear communication with the business team, and scrupulous attention to detail when reviewing documents and disclosures. In the initial stages, it’s crucial to engage in thorough discussions with relevant teams, delving into the nature, rationale, and expected outcomes, while also conveying expectations and providing regular updates.
At the outset of such intricate transactions, establishing a risk matrix is imperative, allowing for the identification of potential risks and the implementation of mitigation measures to secure a favourable outcome. Complex transactions often involve unanticipated challenges and it becomes important to strategize and work to ensure that you do not deviate significantly while revisiting and adjusting the transaction structure.
Your journey from a deputy manager at Hero MotoCorp to founding Umbrella Legal is quite inspiring. What lessons or experiences from your early career do you carry with you today, and how have they influenced your professional growth?
Thank you for your kind words. I appreciate your kind sentiments. Transitioning from my role as deputy manager at Hero MotoCorp to establishing my own firm has been a journey rich in valuable lessons and experiences, supported by the guidance of family, friends, and mentors at various stages of my career. One paramount lesson I’ve embraced and applied is that there are no shortcuts to professional advancement, and there’s no justification for compromising on the highest standards of professionalism and quality.
Balancing a career as a legal entrepreneur and being a strategic legal advisor requires excellent time management skills. What are some strategies or habits that you’ve found effective in maintaining this balance and staying productive?
In today’s fast-paced professional landscape, many individuals encounter the dual challenges of time management and maintaining a healthy work-life balance. Within the legal profession, given the demanding nature of the work and long hours, it becomes essential to implement strategies for effective time management. One particularly beneficial approach is establishing clear priorities and developing the skill of delegation.
In the past, I struggled with setting boundaries regarding personal time, often allowing work-related matters to encroach upon my personal life. However, I gradually altered these habits. Now, I prioritize carving out dedicated time for my personal life to prevent burnout and ensure rejuvenation. This shift has been instrumental in enhancing my overall well-being and productivity.
