Super Lawyer

Category: Interviews

  • “If you enjoy the law, keep your head down and work when times get tough, respect your seniors, there are enough reasons to pursue your journey.” – Udayan Verma, Independent Legal Practitioner.

    “If you enjoy the law, keep your head down and work when times get tough, respect your seniors, there are enough reasons to pursue your journey.” – Udayan Verma, Independent Legal Practitioner.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    You’ve built a distinguished independent practice, representing both high-stakes private clients and government enterprises. What inspired your transition from being an Associate under a Senior Advocate to establish your own practice?

    Thank you very much. As much as I appreciate the kind gesture, I feel it is too soon to say that I have a distinguished practice. I am definitely humbled and grateful by the opportunities that have come my way; there is still a lot of learning left and I hope to achieve more at the right time.  

    While practicing law, as one matures and learns to grasp how the legal industry operates in India, one reaches a stage where there is a simultaneous urge to make your own mark in the profession. One’s personal aspirations coupled with the rigorous training which is undertaken during the initial years of practice leads one to desire more from their capabilities as a lawyer. You get down to brass tacks, work on your thought-process and make an honest attempt at handling a legal brief sans supervision. In the process, you wish to hold your own turf, work with the tools which you have gathered, seek client(s) and navigate the case accordingly. You also become accountable and feel ready to take the flak when things don’t go as per expectations. In essence, this feeling is very subjective and the inflection point cannot be attributed to a single event.

    To answer your query, I feel ‘inspiration’ is not a linear term. It can come from the mundane to the magnificent moments of your personal and professional endeavours. They are building blocks of your personality which end up getting chronicled in the vicissitudes of life. In my case, there have been various instances which have inspired me to cut the cord and carry my own weight. Growing up in New Delhi one has an early exposure to the power corridors and legal circles of India. One of the earliest exposures which I can recollect is watching parliamentary debates and reading interviews of many senior lawyers and distinguished legal luminaries.  This was a constant source of inspiration during my formative years. A chance-meet with some of the prominent figures in the legal world was also a source of encouragement to consider joining the profession.  

    While these are contributory factors, I owe substantial credit to my Senior Mr. Prashanto C. Sen, Sr. Advocate who, being a first-generation lawyer, has established a flourishing litigation practice in India. His noble approach to the profession, impeccable standards and going the extra mile to serve the legal needs of his clientele inspired me the most. While taking me under his wings, he not only taught me the fundamentals of law; his training and invaluable wisdom which I imbibed, helped me come out of my shell at an early stage of my litigation career and further encouraged me to start my own practice.  

    Your practice spans infrastructure, mining, energy, and arbitration sectors known for their complexity and regulatory intensity. What drew you to these domains, and how did your early exposure during internships and associate years influence this path?

    Yes, my practice till now has ended up within the four corners of these domains that you have mentioned. Just to give you a brief overview, after graduating in B.A. (Hons.) from the University of Delhi where I read Economics, I pursued the three-year LL.B. course at Campus Law Centre, Faculty of Law, University of Delhi. While attending law school, I used to be drawn towards understanding the dynamics of laws and regulations which are applicable while conducting business activities and commercial dealings. This was probably because of my background in Economics which is a commercially – oriented field. 

    With time I was clear that I would like to gain further knowledge and deeper insights into commercial laws which are applied in business affairs. My interests and curiosity piqued during Company Law classes at CLC, and I wanted to further analyse how these laws end up navigating businesses in the real world. In order to see whether I fit into these domains, apart from general reading at law school, I simultaneously undertook multiple legal internships at some of the most prestigious law firms as well as the Attorney General of India’s office. My internship days taught me the basics of not just corporate law practice but also how to conduct oneself in law firms. Although as interns we had limited roles, it was during these rigorous training sessions that I got the initial exposure to these domains. At corporate law firms, I was able to understand how lawyers apply the law on a day-to-day basis to help corporations and other businesses solve complex legal issues in these sectors. I was fortunate to intern under some of the best legal minds in the country, many of whom showed excellent qualities of being a lawyer and were very patient with the younger lot.  

    When I decided to pursue a career in litigation, Commercial Litigation and Disputes Resolution came as a natural choice since it includes a mix of both – appearing before judicial forums and practicing commercial laws. It also includes within its fold advisory, ADR and counsel work. I chose counsel-chamber practice since there is more responsibility which is put on your shoulders thereby shortening the learning curve. In chamber practice, you are directly dealing with clients while single handedly assisting your Senior. 

    Importantly, Mining, energy and other areas of the infrastructure sector are highly regulated and routinely end up being exposed to major and complex litigations against the State. They require consistent consultations with counsels, legal experts and sectoral specialists. I was lucky to be selected at the Chambers of Mr. Prashanto Sen, SA to start my legal career.  It was during my initial days as an Associate where I got a proper exposure to these domains.  During my term as an Associate, I was tasked with handling very high stakes litigations for not just infrastructure MNCs but also government/PSU bodies as well as sector-Regulators such as CCI and AERA. This was a golden opportunity since one got to analyse issues from both ends of the spectrum – as a private entity as well as a public body. We were tasked with counsel work in diverse fields of law and I was taking care of briefs concerning three major sectors: mining, electricity and aviation. I was therefore very fortunate to get the right exposure in these fields at an early stage of my litigation career, and perhaps this was the inflection point since the exposure helped me shape my domain knowledge, and provided the required impetus to refine my legal craft. 

    Representing clients in high-stakes disputes involves navigating regulatory and commercial pressures. Could you share a particularly challenging or defining case and how was your experience dealing with it?

    That is correct, it is a high-pressure area of practice. Room for error is minimal.  The stakes are very high and the timelines equally rigid.  

    Till date, one of the most challenging and defining cases as an Independent Counsel has been C.A. No. 262/2020 (titled Vedanta Ltd. v. R.N. Mohapatra and Ors.) where I was engaged before the High Court in writ proceedings as well as the Supreme Court. The case involved various complex and interesting legal issue(s) concerning Constitutional Law, Contracts, Customs and Trade Law, Civil Contempt Jurisprudence. This litigation spanned over a period of close to 3 years and was one of my very first legal brief(s) as a newly-minted independent Counsel. It was during the course of this litigation that I ended up building great rapport with many able lawyers – both in-house and outside Counsels and commercial-management specialists with whom I still share a working relationship. I was also fortunate to have been guided by Senior in-house counsels and industry leaders, who were very kind to acknowledge my efforts and support me further in my practice.  

    I would say that handling high stakes disputes help you come out of your comfort zone as a lawyer. The experience(s) ends up educating you on the ground realities of how academic knowledge is to be applied whilst handling a matter, to the benefit of the client whose business interests are at stake and who is relying on your capabilities to assist them.

    These opportunities don’t knock on your doors very often; therefore, it is imperative that you take up such cases without any hesitation. You can always learn along the way. While handling these disputes one faces a lot of challenges – both professionally and personally – which end up testing your mettle. These cases are laborious and demand long hours which at times run into late nights and early mornings, working on weekends, gruelling schedules and exhausting deadlines, all while micromanaging immense pressure from the client. However, when you come out on the other end, you will always be satisfied irrespective of the outcome of the case and be glad that you pushed through.

    Having advised both government enterprises and Fortune 500 companies, what key differences have you observed in their legal cultures, decision-making processes, and approaches to risk?

    In my limited experience, I would say that the legal culture per se is not very distinguishable. At the end of the day both sets of corporations engage lawyers who play a very specific role. Lawyers have their tasks cut out and are only performing their duties as per the terms of engagement/Vakalat.  

    While it is true that private and public corporations have their distinct characteristics and cultures, both do have their sector-specific targets and goals which are required to be fulfilled at all times. The legal team(s) of both are answerable to the management’s needs. Thus, at a macro level and from the outside one does not feel that there is much difference in the day-to-day operations and engagements. 

    I cannot comment much on the decision-making process of either of the two, but I would say that there is a certain level of risk-taking appetite, which is much higher in private corporations as compared to government enterprises. This is borne out of various factors: Private corporations are Laser-focused on profitable outcomes of their decisions with minimal externalities. The time lines are very strict and there is little to no room for any ambiguity. The targets and management/commercial asks are very clearly classified and is percolated through a chain of command. As a corollary, the expectations from an outside Counsel also becomes crystal clear. Private corporations are democratic in that there is much more room to express creative ideas, out-of-the-box thinking is encouraged during conferences and at times appreciated. Frankly, one sees a very peculiar pattern where, due to the fact that private organisations encourage quick and bold decision-making efforts, the unnecessary clutter and irrelevant thought process are weeded out at the very initial stages of brainstorming, helping the team to clearly demarcate the tasks at hand and focus on the relevant issues. 

    On the other hand, PSEs work in a more conservative fashion but are professional in their conduct. There are already established norms and set patterns/traditions which are adhered to and followed while performing the tasks at these organisations. I would say that the propensity-appetite to take risks in PSEs are much lower and there is a consistent effort to avert exposure to untoward outcomes. Being a government company which is answerable to the state exchequer and other departments, a PSE always has a touch of public duty in their actions which ends up contributing to the behaviour of not being very intrepid. This factor is ingrained in the functioning of many PSEs and is reflected while handing litigations and taking decisions. PSEs do command a lot of admiration and respect for the work which they are doing in the infrastructure domain – they are very clear on their roles and the primary objective of building the nation. In that pursuit, many are working tirelessly to achieve this goal.

    You initially studied economics before pursuing law. What led you to choose a career in law, and how has your academic grounding in economics complemented your legal work?

    This is a very interesting question. I will say that an error of judgment led me into reading economics which then led me to law. It was during my first year of graduation at Sri Venkateswara College (University of Delhi) where I read taxation and basics of Public Economics. I had an epiphany and I started reading more basics of law which was available in the University library. This made me realise that law was my actual calling throughout. Since I did not want to let go of the opportunity of pursuing a coveted course such as Economics from DU, I decided to sit tight and then pursue the three-year LL.B. course offered by the Faculty of Law, University of Delhi. 

    Although Economics and Law only converge in certain specific legal fields such as Competition/Anti-Trust, Aviation, etc., in my personal opinion I feel Economics helped me to a great extent in shaping my commercial analyses of legal issues. B.A. (H) Economics is rigorous and is a highly analytical course rooted in problem solving capabilities. Further, commercial clients need a result-oriented approach to a dispute. The grounding in economics certainly complemented my legal work and till date helps me understand business-commercial needs in a better fashion.

    For young litigators looking to build a niche in infrastructure or regulatory disputes, what skills and experiences should they focus on early in their careers?

    For young litigators my advice is to undertake a lot of drafting work during the initial years of their career. Drafting is like solving mathematical equations – the more you do it the more skilled you become. Secondly, stay up to date with what’s happening around the world – read at least 2 national dailies. It is very important that your client believes that their lawyer is not living under a rock! Thirdly, you need to know which laws and bare acts to look into whilst dealing with a client query – while no one expects you to verbatim learn the statutes, it is expected that you can figure out the applicable laws on the issues. This comes with practice and it is important that you keep revising the bare acts occasionally/during vacations. Fourthly, it is a harsh suggestion but in order to survive in litigation you cannot look at the clock till you finish a task – infrastructure and regulatory sector is a very demanding branch with gruelling working hours. Just like building muscles during strength training, you need to build stamina to brave the requirements in independent practice. The longer hours you pull during your initial days will make or break your practice in the subsequent years. So be ready to give it your all. Lastly, and most importantly no matter how much pressure is put on you or how powerful your clientele is, never compromise on your ethics and integrity. Go to bed with a clean conscience. As Advocates, the Standards of Professional Conduct and Etiquette under the Advocates Act, 1961 is our Holy Scripture. As Officers of the Court, it is our solemn duty to uphold the Code’s sanctity. Make sure your professional standards don’t drop by any margin whatsoever. 

    What’s one core principle or motto that has guided your legal journey? How do you envision the growth of your practice and your role in the evolving legal landscape of India?

    There is a Latin phrase ‘Incende naves’ which means burn the ships. It isn’t about ships, it is about committing oneself to a belief, and striving towards achieving your goals and endeavours to the best of your abilities without looking back. This core principle has guided my legal journey from the day I stepped into law school. Legal practice (of any nature – litigation/corporate) is a complicated voyage riddled with uncertainties and externalities. I believe in order to survive in litigation you need this core principle ingrained in you at a very initial stage of life. If you enjoy the law, keep your head down and work when times get tough, respect your seniors, there are enough reasons to pursue your journey. 

    To answer your other question, I feel litigation and disputes practice is here to stay notwithstanding the onset of the Artificial Intelligence revolution across fields. Law is a distinct arena where no matter how much technology one infuses, one will always need the reassurance of a legal mind and a human touch. The legal landscape of India is definitely undergoing successive churns; this is part and parcel of a growing economy. I am looking forward to seeing more ADR mechanisms being put in place. I see a significant growth in arbitration as well as mediation sectors in the next couple of years. While my practice is already within the core litigation space, I do envision to move more and more into the arbitration and other ADR practice. There is a lot of work to be done in these fields. 

    With a practice that spans high-stakes matters and sectoral expertise, how do you maintain personal balance, and what keeps you intellectually and professionally motivated in the long run?

    In independent practice, how you manage your time is mostly up to you. It is important to have a daily routine and more important to stick to it. In my case, there are days when you don’t get time to even sit for a minute, but then there are days which are fairly light. So, I balance it out. On lighter days I do strength training, read a lot of non-fiction books (especially on current affairs, economics, etc.), and occasionally travel with family. 

    In the long run, the only thing which motivates you is your passion for law, helping people in need, and knowing that you are now part of a very illustrious and prestigious community, be it litigation or transactional practice. There is fairly no other stream of motivation because your career is not a straight steam-lined path. In order to find more motivation, it is important that you go to courts even on days when you don’t have a matter listed, sit and observe the judges as well as the seniors who are arguing a case, stay up to date on any important judgments and maintain very healthy professional boundaries between your practice and your clientele. 

    Get in touch with Udayan Verma –

  • “The need of the hour is to ensure good governance of sports governing bodies (“SGBs”) so that the interest of athletes is at the forefront.” – Srinjoy Bhattacharya, Dual Qualified Lawyer and Principal Associate at Khaitan & Co.

    “The need of the hour is to ensure good governance of sports governing bodies (“SGBs”) so that the interest of athletes is at the forefront.” – Srinjoy Bhattacharya, Dual Qualified Lawyer and Principal Associate at Khaitan & Co.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    Sir, you have extensive experience advising and representing clients across diverse legal domains. Looking back, what initially inspired you to pursue a career in law? How did your integrated B.S.W., LL.B. degree from Gujarat National Law University shape your early understanding of the legal system and its role in society?

    Firstly, thank you for inviting me to your platform to share my journey. From a young age, I took a keen interest in public affairs. I religiously read the newspapers and followed the news on television. The dynamics of politics, society and international affairs fascinated me. To me, the study of law seemed like the perfect pathway to enter public life. I felt, and was also advised, that the subjects one would study in law school would hold me in good stead in achieving my goals at that point in time. So, that is how I found myself in law school. It is a different matter that at present, I’m doing something slightly removed from public affairs in the way I understood it as a teenager. But then again, litigation also intersects with public affairs, so I am content doing it.

    As far as choosing BSW as my stream in law school goes, it was entirely by happenstance. I was allotted GNLU after the third round of CLAT counselling, by which time seats in my preferred Bachelor of Arts stream were unavailable. Given that BSW also aligned with my career objectives at that point of time, I decided to take the plunge. There was some trepidation, given that we were the first batch that was being offered this course. However, looking back, I have no regrets, given that it exposed me to a range of experiences, especially in the course of field work in rural areas, that I would otherwise not have had.

    In the early stages of your legal career, what were some of the key formative experiences or challenges that deepened your understanding of the law and helped shape the direction of your professional journey?

    Before I joined law school, I had a vague idea that the practice of law is demanding. It was during my internships while in law school that I got my first glimpse of what it actually meant. I had the privilege of doing most of my internships in Delhi at the Supreme Court and Delhi High Court. At first, I was star struck, seeing stalwarts of the legal profession in such close proximity. Over time, I saw them in action and gradually, began to recognise the mastery in their craft. Often, the fees charged by top lawyers get the spotlight, but what people do not see is the years of effort, hard-work, dedication and sacrifice that precedes that. Being exposed to that environment gave me a sense of what it takes to succeed in the profession. I, very reluctantly, came to terms with the fact that the conventional notions of work life balance would have to be foregone. After all, one has to work seven days a week for most of the year. Professional life is often fast paced and dynamic. It is certainly not for every personality type. At the same time, the profession also offers a sense of fulfilment and reward, provided the right effort is put in. Therefore, if one is able to accept the trade-offs, the profession can be deeply rewarding. 

    It was also during my internship phase and subsequent professional life that my understanding of the law truly started taking shape. It’s still an ongoing process. For me, it was essential to move beyond books and see the law in action to truly internalise it.

    What was your motivation behind taking the England & Wales Solicitor Qualification Exam (“SQE”)? How has your dual qualification influenced your approach to your practice area?

    My decision to prepare for the SQE was guided by multiple factors. Primarily, I believed that since the Indian legal system is largely derived from English law and is relevant to some extent in shaping Indian jurisprudence, pursuing it would be a good idea. The area of English law that I was keenest on learning was civil commercial law, which is especially relevant to my practice area. It has a rich jurisprudence dating back almost three centuries and continues to be the preferred legal system to govern a range of commercial contracts. A hallmark of English law is that it has adapted itself over time to facilitate commerce by balancing predictability and flexibility. That is why it continues to be referred to for guidance across the Common Law world. I was eager to learn about its development in greater detail.

    Preparing for the exam was a unique experience, offering its share of excitement and overwhelm. It felt like going through law school again with the advantage of some professional experience, which made grasping concepts easier. The fact that Indian law aligns with English law in many aspects also helped. For me, being exposed to facets of civil commercial law and civil procedure were deeply enriching. It was remarkable to see the level of detail with which the Civil Procedure Rules along with the practice directions dealt with. Another subject which fascinated me was Equity and Trusts. It did not occupy a prominent position in Indian law school syllabi at our time. However, once I entered the profession, I understood the importance of this body of law, especially to my practice area. 

    On the whole, studying for the SQE certainly broadened my perspective on my legal practice, which I try to bring to bear in my work. One example that comes to mind is the guidance on steps to be taken and best practices at different stages of a litigation (from pre-claim to execution) are pieces which I have sought to incorporate into my practice. 

    You’ve represented and advised clients in and relating to both, domestic and international arbitrations. What are your thoughts on the evolution of the arbitration landscape in India and where it stands in the international landscape?

    One of the most important considerations while incorporating arbitration clauses in contracts is the choice of seat, given its ramifications on the conduct of the arbitration and enforceability of the award. While choosing a seat, parties would essentially look at whether the legal framework, predisposition of courts and the general structure of the legal system is favourable to aiding arbitration, from the interim measures stage to enforcement of the award. In the last 15 years, there has been a concerted effort in India to encourage arbitration, be it through judicial decisions or legislative change. Pain points have sought to be resolved. The general trend has been positive. After all, it must be recognised that to attract and encourage trade and commerce, India needs to provide an effective and efficient dispute resolution mechanism to businesses. Arbitration provides a potential answer to this. However, one hurdle that is yet to be overcome entirely are the delays in courts processes, right from appointment of arbitrators to hearing challenges to awards. This is primarily a consequence of the heavy roster of Indian judges. This structural bottleneck would have to be addressed if India is to compete as a hub of international arbitration. Here again, the general trajectory has been in the right direction. We must also recognise that the effect of changes sought to be made will not appear overnight. We can certainly be hopeful that in the coming decade, India will occupy a more prominent role in the international arbitration landscape.

    As a Principal Associate in Khaitan & Co’s dispute resolution practice, you’ve dealt with complex matters across insolvency, arbitration, and constitutional litigation. Can you please talk about some of the key strategic and legal insights from your experience?

    Without going into the specifics of matters, one of the significant learnings from my professional life is that no matter how good or bad a client’s case might appear to be, its ultimate outcome is far from certain. Therefore, while humility is the order of the day in all situations, it assumes even more importance when your client appears to be on a strong footing. One must never let their guards down.

    On the other hand, even when your client does not appear to have the best of cases, earnest effort can get your client a result favourable to it in the circumstances. Essentially, the outcome of a case is not always black and white in terms of winning or losing. There are a range of outcomes in between which can be of tremendous help to clients. It is, therefore, important to understand the Client’s needs and devise strategy accordingly. While the Client should be given an accurate account of the merits of their case, it should not influence how you defend the case. 

    Finally, and perhaps most importantly, lawyers must remember that they are officers of the court and they have a responsibility to assist the court in arriving at the right decision. Therefore, it is important to strike a balance between the responsibilities towards your client and the court. 

    Also, while litigation strategy is essential, it has to be balanced with thinking on the feet. We operate in a dynamic environment, where evolving circumstances might require a complete reorientation of strategy. Therefore, it is important to develop the muscle to deal with such changes.

    With your interest in public policy and sports governance, what institutional or regulatory reforms do you believe are most needed in India’s sports ecosystem? Are there specific areas where legal intervention could drive meaningful change?

    The need of the hour is to ensure good governance of sports governing bodies (“SGBs”) so that the interest of athletes is at the forefront. A report by the Indian Express earlier this year highlighted that 770 sports-related litigations pending in courts across India, out of which more than 200 related to governance of the SGBs. This means that valuable energy and finances that could have been used to support athletes is being diverted towards other causes. Ensuring that SGBs get their houses in order is essential so that athletes can receive the support they need and deserve. There are numerous accounts of athletes having to fight against the system to achieve their goals. If we are to become a sporting nation, reform of SGBs is fundamental.

    The Union Government has taken several steps in the right direction. The Draft National Sports Governance Bill, 2024 which was published for public comments in October 2024, offers some hope. The Minister for Youth and Sports Affairs recently announced measures to foster more accountability from National Sports Federations. However, it must be remembered that sport is a State List subject under the Constitution. Therefore, the onus is on states to ensure good governance of SGBs at the State and District level. Orissa has shown the way in this regard. Moreover, it is critical to understand that to build India’s sporting credentials, we cannot look at the government for all our solutions. Private sector involvement and investment has to be facilitated across sports. For that to happen, a favourable sporting ecosystem conducive to investment has to be created, which takes us back to reform of SGBs. Private players will be wary of supporting sports which are not well administered. On the other hand, if the sport is being administered well, it will naturally attract private sector support. Rugby India is a case in point. Despite not being a major sport in India, it has managed to secure private sector funding because it is well governed and is more likely to achieve its targets, however modest they may be, than a sport which is more prominent but ill-administered.

    What advice would you offer to young lawyers aspiring to work in the dispute resolution practice in a law firm? Were there any particular habits, values, or resources that played a significant role in your own professional development?

    In a law firm, you don two hats- one of a lawyer and the other of a businessman. The latter does not get highlighted enough. As a junior, you are so engrossed in the minutiae of the legal side that the business side gets neglected. Before you know it, you are eligible for partnership and to stake your claim, you must show your business building credentials. It is then that you truly start focusing on it. While it is certainly true that the initial phase of your career should be spent honing your craft, some time should also be devoted to learning the business of law. As you move up the ladder, the amount of time you devote to it would necessarily need to go up. So, my advice to those aspiring to work in law firms would be to start learning the business of law early in your career so that you don’t have to endure baptism by fire.

    As far as values go, the ones that have served me best are responsiveness and reliability, be it with colleagues, clients or even the Bench. These are fundamental to success in a service industry like ours. 

    To develop professionally, I have tried to push myself out of my comfort zone by embarking on educational endeavours frequently. Time is always a constraint but I have never let that be an excuse. 

    Finally, as lawyers, it is important to remain updated about developments in my practice area. It is also essential to anticipate areas where I could bring my professional skills to bear in the future, so that I can position myself accordingly. To this end, I try and read about developments and trends within and outside the law on a daily basis. I immensely enjoy reading and learning new things. I love that I’m able to do that in this profession.

    Given the high-pressure nature of litigation and arbitration, how do you maintain a healthy work-life balance? Are there specific practices, routines, or philosophies that help you stay grounded, focused, and resilient in your career?

    As I said before, to work in the law, you have to forego conventional notions of work-life balance. However, that does not need to come at the cost of spending time with your family and yourself. In fact, both are basic human needs.  Even within this system, one can find a way to give them the time they deserve. All it requires is conscious effort and awareness. Being particular with your schedule helps. It goes without saying that support from family is also necessary in adjusting to this way of life.

    It is important to underline the importance of taking care of one’s physical and mental health so that you are able to be the best version of yourself every day. It is very easy to go off the rails, given the demanding work environment. I try and fit in 3-4 days of physical activity every week. To regulate my emotions and nervous system, I have incorporated breath work into my routine. The third area which I try to focus on is the food I eat. I love eating but to operate optimally, I avoid eating foods that inhibit my mental functioning. I do indulge myself from time to time but not on a regular basis.

    Get in touch with Srinjoy Bhattacharya –

  • “When a brief comes your way, defend your client like a warrior: with full commitment, clarity, and confidence.” – Angad Baxi, Advocate on Record and Principal Associate at J. Sagar Associates.

    “When a brief comes your way, defend your client like a warrior: with full commitment, clarity, and confidence.” – Angad Baxi, Advocate on Record and Principal Associate at J. Sagar Associates.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    Coming from an academic background in economics, what inspired you to pursue a career in law? Has your background in economics enhanced your ability to navigate complex commercial and transactional disputes?

    Looking back, I believe I was always meant to be a lawyer. I distinctly remember in Class 6, I wrote in my slam book that I wanted to be one, without fully understanding what it meant. One vivid memory is from a school session where we talked about our parents’ professions, and I was fascinated by a friend whose family included a prominent criminal counsel — I was hooked. My time at Modern School, Vasant Vihar, further shaped this instinct. I was drawn to history, public speaking, dramatics, and editorial work, all of which naturally nudged me toward law.

    However, as a first-generation lawyer with no immediate role models, I had to be practical. At that time, I had topped in economics and was equally passionate about history. I faced a real conundrum: pursue economics, follow history academically, or take the uncharted path into law.

    I chose to study Economics (Hons.) at Delhi University, knowing well that if law was truly my calling, I could always pursue the three-year law course later. That clarity helped me focus. Though I did well academically, I realized early on that economics was not my true passion. I enjoyed its rigour but not the heart of it. The day I graduated was the day I gave myself permission to fully pursue law.

    That said, I don’t regret my economics background — it has deeply shaped my approach to litigation. Understanding economic models, financial structures, and market behaviour enables me to unpack complex commercial disputes with greater insight. Whether it’s a shareholder conflict, contractual dispute, or regulatory challenge, my economics training helps me grasp the underlying commercial drivers, spot inconsistencies in financial narratives, think strategically and to ask “why” until something actually made sense. In high-stake litigation, clarity of thought and structured analysis make a tangible difference, and this analytical discipline has been a real asset throughout my career.

    Early in your career, you worked with a range of law firms and senior lawyers. What are some of the foundational experiences during that period that continue to shape your legal practice today?

    Early in my career, as a first-generation lawyer with a three-year law degree, I was acutely aware that I needed to make every internship count. I sought out diverse experiences, interning with Tier 1 and Tier 2 law firms, specialized litigation boutiques, corporate firms, and even spending time with trial court, High Court, and Supreme Court lawyers. This breadth gave me a panoramic view of the profession and helped me understand its many facets.

    My final internship was with Mr. Amarjit Singh Chandhiok, Senior Advocate, which eventually led to me joining his chamber. Many questioned my choice to work with a senior counsel straight out of law school, but I knew the value of the environment I was entering. Fali S. Nariman’s phrase resonates deeply with me: “When you mention a famous racehorse, the first question is always, ‘From which stable?’ The stable matters.” For me, Mr. Chandhiok’s chamber was that stable, the ideal place to hone one’s craft.

    Mr. Chandhiok is the quintessential mentor. His razor-sharp eye for detail, encyclopaedic knowledge of civil and commercial law, and unmatched clarity of thought set a high bar for anyone aspiring to excel in litigation. It was there I truly understood the critical importance of strategic thinking before stepping into court and the necessity of being impeccably prepared. The chamber handled a wide spectrum of complex cases—arbitrations, election petitions, shareholder disputes, guardianship matters, civil suits—each presenting unique challenges and learning opportunities.

    The work ethic instilled in that chamber remains with me. Often, the briefs would come only by late evening, requiring all-nighters to prepare comprehensive notes for Mr. Chandhiok’s arguments the next day. This rigorous training taught me the value of hard work, discipline, and an unwavering attention to detail. But beyond the technical skills, it was Mr. Chandhiok’s words of wisdom after every case, his humility, and relentless pursuit of excellence, that reminded me there is always more to learn and room to grow.

    Many successful lawyers speak warmly of their formative chambers, and I echo that sentiment. That environment shaped not just my legal skills but my approach to the profession and to clients, grounded in diligence, strategy, and integrity. It remains the foundation upon which I continue to build my practice today.

    What made you switch from a Senior Counsel’s chamber to a tier 1 law firm, JSA Advocates & Solicitors. What changes did you encounter making the shift from a senior counsel to a law firm. 

    I wanted to broaden my horizons and take on the role of a drafting and filing counsel, while engaging with a wider spectrum of complex commercial and transactional disputes. I first learned about a vacancy on Mr. Dheeraj Nair’s (Partner) team through my best friend who works at JSA. I had also seen Mr. Nair in action, strategizing thoughtfully and decisively alongside Mr. Chandhiok during a court hearing, which left a lasting impression on me.

    Having now worked alongside Mr. Nair for seven years, I can confidently say that I owe much of my professional growth and success to his exceptional mentorship. He is not only an outstanding lawyer with a deep strategic mind but also possesses exemplary client management skills. It was with him that I truly understood the importance of building long-term client relationships, something that requires not just hard work but countless sleepless nights until those eventual eureka moments arrive, and trust me, they always do. His ability to simplify complex problems, think several steps ahead, and communicate with clarity is truly inspiring. What stands out most is his commitment to nurturing young lawyers by instilling confidence and encouraging independent decision-making, qualities essential to growth in the formative years of a legal career.

    JSA is a visionary firm that genuinely values every lawyer’s contribution, fostering a culture of collaboration, continuous learning, and innovation. The firm’s forward-thinking approach and emphasis on teamwork create the ideal environment to develop as a well-rounded legal professional. At JSA, talent is recognized and nurtured, and I continue to learn and grow every day.

    Of course, working at a law firm involves a shift in perspective. You move to the other side of the spectrum, from pure advocacy to client interface, drafting, filing, conferencing, arguing in court, and even raising bills. You need to stay on top of all these aspects. Importantly, it is here that you truly appreciate the commercial side of law, the strategic thinking, client focus, and business realities that shape legal advice and advocacy.

    What made you give the prestigious Advocate-on-Record examination? As an Advocate-on-Record at the Supreme Court of India, how has this designation influenced your practice, particularly when appearing before the Supreme Court? What additional responsibilities does this role entail?

    My decision to pursue the Advocate-on-Record (AOR) examination was inspired by Mr. Dheeraj Nair, who is an AOR himself. His expertise and professionalism motivated me to deepen my engagement with Supreme Court practice. The AOR designation is a prestigious credential that signifies mastery over Supreme Court procedures, drafting, and advocacy.

    Being an AOR has significantly influenced my practice by enabling me to file and argue cases directly before the Supreme Court, enhancing my ability to manage cases end-to-end. It has sharpened my drafting skills, improved my understanding of complex procedural nuances, and instilled a greater sense of responsibility and ethics.

    Additionally, the role involves coordinating with multiple teams within the firm who seek to file cases before the Supreme Court, which helps expand one’s professional reputation. Being an AOR requires a comprehensive approach that balances client expectations, legal strategy, and court requirements. This designation has been instrumental in broadening my professional capabilities and strengthening my commitment to delivering high-quality advocacy at the highest judicial level.

    You’ve advised on a wide array of legal issues including shareholder disputes and commercial contracts. What is your approach?

    I have advised on a wide range of legal issues, with shareholder disputes being a key area of specialization. These disputes involve complex interpersonal dynamics, competing interests, and nuanced corporate governance challenges. Successfully resolving them requires a solid grasp of company law, contractual frameworks, and sharp negotiation and strategic skills.

    My approach combines meticulous fact-finding with anticipating opposing strategies, crafting compelling arguments, and managing sensitive negotiations. This combination of legal acumen and practical strategy enables me to help clients navigate these disputes toward effective and sustainable outcomes.

    With respect to gaming laws and regulatory compliance, how would you assess India’s legal framework in comparison to internationally accepted norms? What are the major compliance challenges businesses in this sector face?

    India’s legal framework for online gaming is evolving but remains fragmented compared to more cohesive international models. The 2023 amendments to the Information Technology Rules introduced self-regulatory bodies and defined permissible real-money games, but the overlap between central guidelines and varied state laws continues to create compliance uncertainty.

    Major challenges include regulatory ambiguity, inconsistent licensing processes, complex tax structures, and an aggressive enforcement climate. In contrast, many global jurisdictions offer streamlined, centralized regulation that promotes industry growth and investor confidence.

    To align with international standards, India needs a unified national policy that reconciles state and central regulations and provides long-term clarity. In this landscape, lawyers play a key role in helping businesses navigate legal risks, ensure compliance, structure operations, and engage effectively with regulators.

    You regularly advise foreign clients on Indian legal matters, especially in high-stakes, cross-jurisdictional transactions. How do you navigate the differences between the legal systems?

    Advising foreign clients on Indian legal matters, particularly in complex, cross-border transactions or disputes, requires more than just a knowledge of Indian law. It involves simplifying the law, explaining the procedural nuances, and often, the practical vagaries of the Indian legal system. A lawyer’s job in this context is not only to identify the risks but to provide clear, actionable solutions.

    Foreign clients and firms come to us for results, not just analysis. I make it a point to move beyond theoretical advice and focus on pragmatic, commercially viable strategies. Over time, I’ve built strong rapport with several international clients and counterparts, owing to my problem-solving approach and my ability to communicate local complexities with clarity and confidence. That balance between legal insight and practical execution is what truly makes cross-jurisdictional work successful.

    Given your work with India’s leading e-commerce platforms, what are the recurring legal challenges these platforms face regarding intermediary liability and content removal, especially amid changing digital regulations? How effective are current mechanisms in resolving these disputes?

    E-commerce platforms in India operate under increasing regulatory pressure, particularly concerning intermediary liability and content takedown obligations. While the IT Act provides a “safe harbour” to intermediaries, the practical enforcement of this protection remains inconsistent.

    Many courts across the country are still hesitant to extend timely protection under the safe harbour principle, which creates urgency in seeking relief. Given how time-sensitive these issues can be, I often find myself moving quickly between courts in different parts of the country to secure interim protections and maintain operational continuity for clients.

    A key challenge lies in navigating overlapping obligations, balancing compliance with evolving IT Rules, addressing takedown demands, and mitigating exposure to reputational and legal risks. Current mechanisms such as self-regulatory bodies and grievance redressal structures help to an extent but lack uniform enforcement and often do not provide swift remedies.

    From a strategic perspective, it is essential for intermediaries and e-commerce platforms to establish clear internal protocols, escalation frameworks, and litigation preparedness. As counsel, we do not just advise on what the law says, but help clients anticipate regulatory action, build proactive compliance systems, and craft legal strategies that ensure effective and timely results.

    Could you share your experience handling one of the most challenging cases you’ve come across? How do you approach such complex matters, from research to strategy and how do you manage the pressure in high-stakes situations?

    I cannot single out one particularly challenging case because my work spans a wide range of complex matters. I regularly handle commercial and contractual disputes, shareholder and joint venture conflicts, domestic and international arbitration, banking fraud, insolvency, white-collar crimes, gaming laws, regulatory compliance, and public law issues. Many of these cases require creative thinking and tailored strategies, which clients expect from us.

    I focus on extracting detailed information from my clients because as lawyers, we often find solutions or key documents that laypeople might miss. Asking questions, and then asking more, is essential. Clients appreciate this thoroughness over time. One important lesson I have learned from senior colleagues is the power of asking the right questions. An eye for detail makes all the difference.

    My approach starts with deep research and understanding of both legal and commercial aspects. I develop dispute resolution strategies that combine pre-litigation efforts with litigation or arbitration while always aligning with the client’s business goals. Managing pressure in high-stakes matters requires discipline, preparation, and staying calm under uncertainty. Working across courts, tribunals, and regulatory bodies, I rely on meticulous planning and teamwork to navigate complex situations and deliver effective results.

    This broad exposure has helped me develop a flexible mindset and problem-solving skills to meet clients’ needs even in the most challenging matters.

    With rapid developments in data privacy laws and digital regulation, how do you foresee the legal landscape in India evolving over the next few years? Are there any trends that businesses or legal professionals should be particularly mindful of?

    India’s data privacy and digital regulation landscape is evolving rapidly and is expected to become much more robust in the next few years. The upcoming comprehensive data protection law will impose stricter requirements on how businesses collect, process, and transfer personal data, emphasizing user consent, data security, and cross-border data flows. This will push Indian companies and foreign investors to enhance their compliance frameworks and technology safeguards.

    Regulators are likely to increase scrutiny, focusing on transparency, accountability, and enforcement against violations. Cybersecurity norms will also tighten, and there will be closer coordination between data privacy laws and sector-specific regulations like finance, healthcare, and telecom.

    As a lawyer advising clients in India, I focus on helping them understand these evolving rules in practical terms, not just the legal text. This means guiding them through data audits, compliance program design, and risk assessments, while also preparing them for potential regulatory investigations or breaches. 

    I work closely with clients to build proactive strategies that balance legal requirements with their business realities, helping them stay compliant while minimizing disruption. This client-centric, solution-driven approach is critical given how fast and complex the regulatory environment is becoming in India.

    Is there a guiding principle or professional motto that you’ve followed throughout your career? What  advice would you offer to young law graduates aspiring to build a career in litigation and dispute resolution?

    A guiding principle I’ve followed throughout my career is to be practical, business-friendly, and bold in representing my clients. While developing strong legal arguments are important, often the most effective solutions come from understanding the client’s commercial realities and crafting strategies that balance legal rigor with practical outcomes. When a brief comes your way, defend your client like a warrior — with full commitment, clarity, and confidence.

    Also, keep saying YES. Even when it feels daunting or you feel unprepared, step forward and volunteer. Some of the most defining moments in my journey came from saying yes to opportunities I wasn’t sure I was ready for.

    For young law graduates aspiring to build a career in litigation and dispute resolution, my advice is to develop not only your legal knowledge but also your ability to think strategically and communicate effectively. Be willing to ask the right questions, dig deep into facts, and understand the context behind every dispute. Litigation or Dispute Resolution is not just about winning arguments; it’s about delivering solutions that work in the real world. Stay bold, stay curious, and never lose sight of the client’s goals. Practicality and fearlessness will set you apart as a trusted advocate.

    You maintain a diverse and demanding practice appearing in courts, advising clients, contributing thought leadership, and more. How do you find balance between your professional obligations and personal life, and how do you manage stress in such a high-intensity career?

    There is no such thing as work-life balance in law—that’s the honest truth, and I wouldn’t want it any other way. A good lawyer never really stops working; clients’ legal challenges keep coming, and you’re constantly thinking through solutions and next steps. Trust me, all of us in this profession enjoy that challenge. 

    To manage stress, I try to make some time for reading non-fiction, playing pickleball, taking family vacations, and catching up with my non-lawyer friends to stay grounded and keep my “other” world alive. But I’d be lying if I said there is any perfect balance between work and life.

    Get in touch with Angad Baxi –

  • Navigating Complex Immigration Pathways – Prateek Babbar, Director of Settle Immigration Services Inc. and Chair of the Board at the Canadian Association of Professional Immigration Consultants (CAPIC).

    Navigating Complex Immigration Pathways – Prateek Babbar, Director of Settle Immigration Services Inc. and Chair of the Board at the Canadian Association of Professional Immigration Consultants (CAPIC).

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    Let me start with the most important question, what motivated you to specialize in immigration consulting, particularly in areas like humanitarian and compassionate, medical, admissibility, and other complex matters? And how did Settle Immigration Services come into existence?

    Interestingly, this is actually my second career. Back in 2009, I was pursuing Chartered Accountancy. My father is a CA in both India and Canada, and as is often the case in India, the son typically follows in the father’s footsteps.

    At that time, immigration consulting was a growing field, and I thought I’d explore it as a side interest. But once I attended my first course, I realized this wasn’t something you could do casually – it’s vast and nuanced. There are so many areas: economic immigration, business streams, enforcement, family sponsorship, and more. So I decided to commit fully. Back then, ICCRC was the regulatory body.

    I completed the program, passed the licensing exams, and launched my practice in 2012. In the beginning, I handled every type of case to gain hands-on experience. Over time, I developed deep expertise in certain areas – especially humanitarian and compassionate applications and Procedural Fairness Letters (PFLs).

    For context, a PFL is issued when IRCC has concerns about an application. It gives the applicant a chance to respond. Often, the officer may have already made up their mind, but the process demands procedural fairness. We’ve had a strong track record – over 90% success in responding to PFLs in the last 12 years. Most PFLs we deal with are the result of DIY applications, which is why retaining a legal expert is so important.

    Settle Immigration offers a full range of immigration services, but my personal focus is on refusal cases, H&C submissions, and family sponsorships.

    From almost becoming a CA like your father, you built a successful career in a completely different field and are now Chair of the Board at the Canadian Association of Professional Immigration Consultants (CAPIC). Can you share more about that journey and your responsibilities?

    It’s been an interesting and rewarding journey. Initially, without business experience and determined not to rely on my father, I learned the hard way. There were moments when people suggested unethical practices – selling LMIAs, for example – which unfortunately occur in the industry, even among some lawyers.

    But I chose integrity. I wanted my work to speak for itself. It took years, but today I’m proud to say our clientele is purely referral-based – 100% word of mouth.

    I started with the Finance Audit Committee at ICCRC, which later became the College. I joined CAPIC in 2018 as a committee member, became a board member in 2021, and was elected Chair of the Board in 2024. This would not have been possible without the support of my parents – financially and emotionally.

    As Chair, my role includes providing strategic leadership, ensuring CAPIC remains a strong voice for immigration consultants across Canada. I work with the Board to set long-term goals, advocate for policy reforms, and maintain professional integrity. I also attend stakeholder meetings with CICC, IRCC, and CBSA. In fact, I recently co-chaired a meeting with IRCC’s Assistant Director Tammy Lynn on December 18th.

    The role allows me to help shape the future of our profession through reforms, continuing education, and advocacy.

    For skilled professionals abroad, particularly from India, how do you guide them in immigrating to Canada? What are key considerations?

    I start with a comprehensive assessment. I like to call myself an immigration doctor. I diagnose eligibility, identify the right stream (Express Entry, PNP, etc.), and tailor the path to the client’s goals.

    People often confuse Express Entry with PR. Express Entry is a system that manages applications under multiple programs: CEC, Federal Skilled Worker (FSW), and PNPs. For FSW, you first need 67 points out of 100. CRS is separate and draw-based.

    Many applicants fixate on the IELTS “7778” benchmark, but language is just one of six FSW factors. Job duties – not titles – are critical. Under section 87.1 of IRPR, the applicant must perform the majority of duties listed in the NOC. Even if your title is “Receptionist,” if you perform the duties of an “Administrative Assistant,” your role may be skilled.

    We pay close attention to experience letters – ensuring 60% of duties align with the NOC. Many employers, especially large ones, use rigid templates, which can be problematic. If needed, we request alternate letters from supervisors.

    Foreign experience letters often lack detail. I advise clients to secure complete, detailed letters before leaving their job. And never copy-paste duties, customization is key.

    We’ve never received a PFL for PR applications we handled from scratch in 12 years, that’s our benchmark.

    Could you elaborate on Express Entry vs. other pathways, and the common challenges applicants face?

    Express Entry gives you a score and lets you create a profile. But eligibility is the first step. The system favors younger applicants; points start dropping after age 29.

    Even if your score is low, register. Back in February 2021, there was a draw with a cut-off of 75 – the lowest ever. Profiles are valid for one year, and you can update them if you improve your language scores.

    If you’re paid in cash, that’s okay, just document it. Get a letter from your employer, bank statements if available, or tax filings. If income is below the tax threshold, provide an affidavit. If documentation is limited, secondary evidence like supervisor letters can help.

    For PNPs, some require job offers and others are draw-based. Applicants inside Canada usually have more options. Some streams like Ontario’s Human Capital Stream, pick you from the Express Entry pool.

    If you’re already here, Ontario has pathways for recent graduates and skilled trades. A master’s degree can give you 30 extra CRS points and some PNPs allow direct PR application after graduation.

    Alternatively, prepare well for IELTS and French. The French TEF or TCF can boost your CRS by 62 points, and IRCC now conducts French-specific draws. This is often underutilized.

    Spending $40K–$70K on a degree might not be necessary if you can reach a higher score through language preparation. That money could go toward a house down payment instead.

    What are some of the most common mistakes applicants make?

    First, eligibility is misunderstood. Selecting the wrong NOC can lead to refusals. Documentation errors are also frequent, such as submitting the wrong form.

    People also fail to disclose past visa refusals, even from other countries. That’s serious – under Section 40, it’s misrepresentation, which leads to a 5-year ban or removal if you’re in Canada.

    Always disclose, and always hire a legal expert if unsure. Small errors can lead to big consequences.

    How have global events like COVID or regional conflicts impacted immigration, and what does the future look like?

    Conflicts in Ukraine, Israel, and elsewhere have led to increased refugee claims and backlogs. Despite claims that AI only assists decisions, we’ve seen refusals issued by automated systems.

    Processing times have been affected, though IRCC says they’re using historical and projected data to improve accuracy. With high immigration volumes, economic pressures have led to reduced targets.

    Now more than ever, improving your score through language tests, especially French, is critical.

    Is there any final piece of advice you’d like to share?

    Yes – do not misrepresent. It’s taken very seriously here. Don’t submit false duties or experience. It may seem like a shortcut, but it jeopardizes your future and your family’s future too.

    If you want to gain skilled experience, ask your employer to give you those duties first, then apply. The integrity of your application must be protected at all costs.

    Thank you.

    Get in touch with Prateek Babbar –

  • “What started as a passing interest grew into a true passion, and today, that commitment to justice is what drives my legal career.” – Ramandeep Bawa, Founder of RDB Associates.

    “What started as a passing interest grew into a true passion, and today, that commitment to justice is what drives my legal career.” – Ramandeep Bawa, Founder of RDB Associates.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    What inspired you to pursue a career in law? Was there a defining moment or personal experience that influenced your decision to enter the legal field?

    I wasn’t always drawn to law. As a child, I was more interested in creative pursuits, exploring stories and ideas rather than legal principles. But over time, I found myself captivated by how law shapes society and protects individuals. One pivotal moment was when I witnessed a close family friend navigate a complex legal issue. Seeing how the right legal guidance could change someone’s life made me realize the profound impact of this field. That experience planted the seed of curiosity, and the more I learned, the more I saw law as not just a set of rules, but a way to advocate, solve problems, and create meaningful change. What started as a passing interest grew into a true passion, and today, that commitment to justice is what drives my legal career.

    Early in your career, what experiences significantly shaped your understanding of legal practice? Could you share any pivotal moments or cases that contributed to your growth as a trial lawyer?

    Early in my career, I was fortunate to be mentored by Senior Advocate Mr. Ajay Burman after graduating in 2011. Under his guidance, I learned the nuances of trial advocacy—everything from drafting precise pleadings to developing effective courtroom strategies. His mentorship provided an invaluable foundation, shaping my approach to legal practice and reinforcing the importance of meticulous preparation.

    When I started my independent practice in 2013, it was a turning point in my journey. Representing clients across district courts, High Courts, and tribunals across India sharpened my ability to handle diverse procedural complexities. Each case brought its own challenges, but those experiences pushed me to refine my skills and deepen my understanding of the Indian legal system. Whether it was navigating intricate statutory interpretations or advocating for clients in high-stakes matters, those years played a crucial role in shaping me as a trial lawyer.

    As Nelson Mandela once said, “I never lose. I either win or learn.” That philosophy has resonated throughout my career—every challenge, every case, and every setback has been an opportunity to grow and refine my craft. The lessons I’ve learned early on continue to guide me, shaping the way I approach advocacy and justice.”

    What led you to establish your own practice, RDB Associates? What vision drove this decision, and what challenges did you encounter during the process?

    The decision to start RDB Associates in 2022 wasn’t just a career move—it felt like the culmination of everything I’d learned and cared about as a lawyer. After years of working independently across different courts and states, I kept thinking, What if I could build a firm that doesn’t just handle cases but truly fights for people? I wanted a place where strategy and empathy weren’t buzzwords but the foundation of every case. That’s how RDB Associates was born—a team built to tackle tough legal battles while keeping clients’ voices at the center.

    Funny enough, the name “RDB” wasn’t part of some grand plan. Back in law school, friends and professors started calling me that as a nickname—almost like a joke! But over time, it stuck. By the time I started my practice, clients would say, “We’re going to RDB for help,” and I realized it had become part of my identity. When I launched the firm, using that name felt right—it carried the trust I’d earned and the scrappy, personal approach I’ve always believed in.

    One case early on shaped everything for me. A client came to me completely broken by a legal battle—they’d almost lost faith in the system. I remember sitting with them, hearing their story, and thinking, This is why I do what I do. We worked day and night, dissecting every angle, and when we won, it wasn’t just about the judgment. It was about watching them walk out of court with their heads held high again. That moment crystallized my philosophy: Law isn’t just about arguments in a courtroom; it’s about restoring people’s dignity.

    Building the firm hasn’t been easy. Finding the right team—people who genuinely care about clients as much as winning—took time. Scaling across states while staying true to our “human-first” approach? That’s still a daily balancing act. But every time we take on a tough case or hear a client say, “You made this feel possible,” I know we’re on the right track. For me, RDB Associates isn’t just a firm—it’s a promise to turn legal battles into stories of resilience, one client at a time.

    You’ve been at the forefront of medical ethics and healthcare litigation, especially during the COVID-19 crisis. Based on your experience, what legal reforms are essential to better safeguard the rights of patients and healthcare providers in future public health emergencies?

    During my time working on the front lines of the COVID-19 pandemic—advising hospitals, patients, and government agencies on everything from vaccine mandates to life-and-death resource allocation decisions—I saw firsthand how our legal frameworks struggled to keep pace with the chaos of a public health crisis. Those years weren’t just about interpreting policies; they were about sitting across from exhausted ICU directors wondering if they’d face lawsuits for triage decisions, or patients’ families begging for clarity on why loved ones couldn’t access treatments. Those experiences convinced me that we need fundamental reforms to protect both caregivers and communities when the next crisis hits. That’s the exact reason why I enrolled in the Postgraduate Diploma in Medical Law & Ethics (PGDMLE) at NLSIU Bangalore. I realized I couldn’t just rage at the system’s flaws; I needed the tools to rebuild it. Studying the ethics of triage protocols, patient autonomy, and distributive justice gave me language for the moral vertigo I’d witnessed. But it also hardened my resolve: we must do better next time.

    A few priorities stand out to me. First, we have to address the legal gray areas that left healthcare providers paralyzed by fear of liability. I’ll never forget a Zoom call with a rural hospital team who’d reused PPE against normal protocols because they had no other choice—they spent more time worrying about lawsuits than patient care. We need laws that shield providers acting in good faith during emergencies, so they can focus on saving lives, not second-guessing every choice.

    Second, patients deserve more than vague promises during crises. Early in the pandemic, I worked with families who couldn’t get straight answers about vaccine access or ventilator allocation. That confusion eroded trust. We need enforceable rights to transparency—clear, legislated standards for how hospitals communicate priorities and allocate scarce resources. It’s not just ethical; it’s practical. Trust is the currency of public health.

    Third, the pandemic exposed how rigid regulations can stifle rapid response. I saw hospitals delay adopting telehealth because reimbursement rules weren’t updated, or scramble to interpret conflicting state/federal guidelines. We need “emergency mode” compliance frameworks—agile, pre-authorized systems that let providers adapt quickly without drowning in bureaucracy.

    And finally, telemedicine isn’t going anywhere. But its legal foundation? That’s still catching up. I advised dozens of clinics on privacy and licensing hurdles when they pivoted to virtual care overnight. We need durable laws that secure telehealth’s role in equitable care, not just temporary pandemic fixes.

    These lessons didn’t come from textbooks—they came from late-night calls with nurses, tense meetings with regulators, and too many conversations with grieving families. If we want a healthcare system that’s both compassionate and resilient, we have to build these reforms into its DNA now. Because the next crisis isn’t a matter of if—it’s when.

    As technology continues to reshape the legal landscape, how do you foresee cyber law evolving in India over the next few years, particularly with advancements in AI, increasing concerns over data privacy, and the rise of digital defamation cases?

    When I think about the future of cyber law in India, I’m struck by how rapidly technology is outpacing our legal frameworks. We’re at a pivotal moment where innovation and regulation must collaborate to protect citizens while fostering growth. Let me share my perspective on the key areas shaping this evolution.

    The Rashmika Mandanna deepfake incident last year was a wake-up call for me. Seeing how easily AI can manipulate reality made me realize how unprepared our laws are. I’ve spent hours discussing with peers: Who’s liable when a deepfake ruins a reputation? The creator? The platform hosting it? Right now, it’s a gray area. I strongly believe India needs AI-specific laws—or amendments to the IT Act—that enforce transparency and hold both developers and distributors accountable. Without this, misinformation could erode trust in digital spaces altogether.

    The DPDP Act of 2023 was a milestone, but I’m not convinced it’s enough. Take the Aadhaar breaches—these aren’t just technical failures; they’re systemic risks. In my research, I’ve noticed smaller companies often lack robust compliance frameworks. We need stricter audits, sector-specific rules (like for healthcare or finance), and real consequences for breaches. Personally, I’d advocate for a public awareness campaign too. People deserve to know how their data is used—and how to fight back when it’s misused.

    Last month, a friend’s startup was nearly derailed by a viral false review. It reminded me how fragile reputations are online. While free speech is sacred, I’ve seen too many cases where social media platforms hide behind “neutrality” to avoid accountability. My take? We need specialized cyber tribunals to resolve defamation cases faster. And intermediaries should be legally nudged to act responsibly—maybe by mandating takedown mechanisms for verified slander.

    The Air India data breach shook me. It wasn’t just about stolen passports—it exposed how vulnerable critical infrastructure is. I’ve spoken to cybersecurity experts who stress that reactive measures won’t cut it. Proactive steps like mandatory audits for utilities, ethical hacking certifications, and cross-border collaboration are vital. Frankly, if we don’t treat cyberattacks as acts of war, we’re leaving the door open for chaos.

    The RBI’s cautious stance on crypto is understandable, but ambiguity breeds risk. I’ve met young investors who don’t realize their crypto gains could be taxable—or that scams have little legal recourse. We need clear laws on fraud prevention, taxation, and consumer rights. Blockchain itself isn’t the enemy; it’s the lack of rules. Let’s regulate smartly, not stifle innovation.

    To me, cyber law isn’t just about rules—it’s about building trust in a digital India. Yes, laws must evolve faster, but collaboration is key. Lawyers, technologists, and policymakers need to sit at the same table. If we get this right, India could become a global model for balancing innovation and justice. And honestly, that’s what excites me most about working in this field.

    Your fluency in Japanese is quite rare among Indian legal professionals. How has this cultural and linguistic proficiency influenced your work with Japanese clients and impacted your approach to international legal matters?

    Learning Japanese started as a quirky lockdown project—honestly, I never saw it becoming part of my legal career! While most people mastered Dalgona coffee recipes, banana bread recipes or binge-watched entire seasons of TV shows, I decided to shake things up—I learned Japanese. 

    Here’s the thing: speaking Japanese isn’t just about translating words. For Japanese clients in India, it’s about catching the quiet stuff—the pauses, the unspoken hesitations. In Japan, communication is layered. You don’t just say what you mean; there’s a dance to it. I remember one case where a corporate client kept avoiding direct answers in emails. When I switched to speaking Japanese in our meeting, their relief was instant. Suddenly, we weren’t just talking at each other—we were problem-solving together. That trust? You can’t Google Translate that.

    There’s a saying in Japanese: “Kotoba yori kimochi”—feelings matter more than words. I’ve seen this play out in messy cross-border disputes or even delicate family cases. Once, in a tech contract negotiation, a tiny phrasing mismatch in English drafts nearly blew up the deal. But because I could explain the legal nuances in Japanese, we untangled it over a 10-minute call. The client joked afterward, “You’re like a legal diplomat with a dictionary brain.”

    Sure, it’s fun to surprise people when I switch languages in meetings, but the real win is this: law isn’t just about arguments. It’s about making someone feel heard, especially when they’re far from home. Whether it’s a corporate fraud case or a criminal defense matter, speaking Japanese lets me bridge two worlds. I’m not just their lawyer—I’m someone who gets why a bow matters more than a handshake, or why silence sometimes speaks louder than a contract clause.

    Funny how life works, right? A lockdown hobby became the tool that lets me turn legal headaches into human connections. And honestly? That’s the part of my job I love most—not just winning cases, but making sure no one gets lost in translation.

    You’ve built strong collaborations with international law firms. How have these alliances strengthened your ability to manage cross-border disputes, and what are some of the key challenges in reconciling international legal standards with Indian practices?

    One of the most rewarding parts of my career has been working with international legal teams—especially those involving Japanese stakeholders in tech, healthcare, or fraud cases. My fluency in Japanese and understanding of cultural nuances aren’t just “skills on paper.” They’ve been lifelines in building trust and untangling disputes that span borders. Let me give you an example: early in my career, I worked on a cross-border corporate fraud case where a Japanese tech firm was navigating a joint venture dispute with an Indian partner. The legal stakes were high, but so were the cultural ones. Being able to draft documents in Japanese, interpret subtle cues in negotiations, and explain the “why” behind India’s regulatory frameworks helped bridge gaps that might’ve derailed the case.

    These collaborations have taught me that cross-border work isn’t just about knowing the law—it’s about weaving together perspectives. For instance, working with EU teams on healthcare compliance, I saw firsthand how GDPR’s strict data privacy rules clashed with India’s evolving digital health policies. By pulling insights from both sides, we crafted hybrid strategies that satisfied regulators in Brussels and Mumbai. It’s like being a legal translator—not just of language, but of intent.

    But let’s be real: harmonizing international standards with Indian practice isn’t a tidy process. I remember a case where a Japanese client insisted on arbitrating a dispute in Tokyo under Japanese law, while the Indian counterpart demanded litigation in Delhi. The tension wasn’t just about “choice of law”—it was about pride, precedent, and perception. We navigated it by framing arbitration in Singapore as a neutral middle ground, but getting there required hours of candid conversations about what each side truly feared losing.

    Procedural differences can be landmines too. Once, during discovery in a U.S.-India fraud case, I realized the American team’s aggressive document requests were seen as invasive by the Indian witnesses. We had to recalibrate—explaining the “why” behind U.S. discovery rules to our clients, while gently pushing the U.S. team to respect local discomfort with overly broad requests. It wasn’t in any textbook; it was about empathy as much as strategy.

    And enforcement? That’s where theory meets reality. I’ll never forget the scramble to enforce an arbitral award from London in an Indian court—only to hit roadblocks because of a missing stamp paper. It felt absurd in the moment, but it taught me to sweat the small stuff and see the bigger picture: global rulings mean nothing if you don’t understand local procedural quirks.

    At its core, this work is about more than legal frameworks. It’s about asking questions like: How does a Japanese CEO’s expectation of “consensus” align with India’s more hierarchical corporate culture? Or Why might a German tech firm balk at India’s approach to interim injunctions? Those human, cultural layers are what make cross-border work so messy—and so fascinating. Every case is a crash course in humility, creativity, and finding common ground when the rulebooks disagree.

    Your pro bono work reflects a strong commitment to legal inclusion and social justice. What fuels this dedication, and how do you envision the broader role of legal professionals in expanding access to justice for marginalized communities?

    Justice isn’t just my profession—it’s a responsibility that defines how I approach the law. While my resume may not explicitly list pro bono hours, my career has been shaped by a conviction that legal advocacy should never be a luxury. Early in my practice, I represented a single mother facing wrongful eviction. She hadn’t slept in days, terrified of losing her home, yet she hesitated to seek help because she assumed the system was ‘not for people like her.’ That moment crystallized for me how deeply fear and complexity alienate marginalized communities from the very institutions meant to protect them. Since then, I’ve anchored my work in dismantling those barriers.

    My commitment starts with direct action. I’ve prioritized cases where individuals, like that single mother, lack the resources to fight systemic inequities. Whether it’s negotiating with landlords, defending workers’ rights, or guiding survivors of domestic violence through restraining orders, I’ve learned that access is the first hurdle. Many never reach a courtroom because they don’t know their options. That’s why I partner with NGOs to host free legal clinics in underserved neighborhoods. At one clinic, a teenager asked me, ‘Can the police really do that?’ after facing harassment. We drafted a complaint together, but what stayed with me was his shock that he had rights. It’s not enough to represent people—we have to empower them.

    This is where legal literacy becomes transformative. I’ve spent weekends leading workshops in rural communities, breaking down laws into relatable terms. For example, explaining inheritance rights to women through stories instead of statutes, or using role-play to teach villagers how to file RTI requests. When people grasp their rights, they shift from feeling powerless to becoming advocates for themselves and their communities. Technology amplifies this. During the pandemic, I collaborated with a tech startup to create a chatbot that guides users through labor law disputes in regional languages. One textile worker used it to reclaim months of unpaid wages—proof that innovation can democratize justice.

    But individual efforts aren’t enough. The legal fraternity must confront systemic flaws. I’ve joined advocacy groups pushing for reforms like simplifying bail procedures for low-income defendants and expanding legal aid funding. Last year, I testified before a state committee about how archaic procedural rules delay justice for rape survivors. It’s frustrating work—progress is slow—but necessary. We can’t fix a broken system without challenging its foundations.

    Mentorship is equally critical. I volunteer at law schools to nurture students who see law as a tool for social change. One mentee, now a public interest lawyer, recently texted me after winning a landmark case for tribal land rights: ‘You showed me that justice isn’t just in textbooks.’ That’s the legacy I want—inspiring the next generation to prioritize ethics over billable hours.

    Ultimately, justice is about dignity. Dr. King’s words—‘Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere’—ring truer today. When a farmer can’t contest land grabs or a Dalit student faces caste-based harassment without recourse, it corrodes our collective faith in the system. My role, as I see it, is to bridge the gap between the law’s promise and its practice. That means showing up in courtrooms and communities, drafting policies and pamphlets, leveraging tech and tradition.

    Yes, the challenges are vast—underfunded legal aid, bureaucratic inertia, and a culture that equates legal success with corporate pay checks. But every small victory, whether it’s a client’s relieved smile or a law student’s spark of idealism, reminds me why this work matters. Justice isn’t abstract; it’s the assurance that the system sees you, hears you, and fights for you. And until that’s a reality for every Indian, I’ll keep pushing—case by case, reform by reform, heart by heart.

    As a current member of the Sentence Review Board for the Delhi Government, you help review clemency and early release cases. What are the major aspects you have to keep in mind while making such decisions?

    I, though not a member, while assisting the Sentence Review Board, have learned that every case is a mosaic of stories, laws, and emotions. Let me share a few moments that shaped my perspective.

    There was a case involving a young man, barely 21, who’d been incarcerated for a non-violent drug offense. His file showed a troubled past—no family, homelessness, and exploitation by a local gang. But over time, he’d transformed. He earned a high school diploma in prison, taught others to read, and even started a small vegetable garden in the prison yard. The warden shared how he’d mediate conflicts among inmates, calling him a ‘quiet peacemaker.’ When compiling his case, I made sure to highlight not just his clean disciplinary record, but the person he’d become. It wasn’t about excusing his crime—it was about asking, Has he earned a chance to prove himself outside these walls?

    Then there was the heart-wrenching case of a 65-year-old woman serving time for embezzlement. She’d been a single mother, desperate to fund her daughter’s cancer treatment. Her remorse was palpable in every interview. She’d spent her incarceration stitching clothes for orphanages and writing letters of apology to the victims. But what stayed with me was her daughter, now cancer-free, pleading for a chance to care for her aging mother. I remember sitting with her file late one evening, thinking about the weight of punishment versus redemption. How do you measure justice when regret is so profound?

    I also recall a case where victim impact steered the conversation. A man convicted of assault had exemplary conduct in prison—counseling peers, earning certifications—but the survivor, still battling PTSD, feared his release. There were no easy answers. I worked closely with social workers to ensure her voice was central in the report, even including her request for a restraining order. It reminded me that fairness isn’t just about the offender; it’s about holding space for those still healing.

    Collaboration is key. Once, a prison nurse flagged an inmate’s terminal illness—a man with months to live, too frail to pose any risk. His brother, a farmer in Punjab, wanted to take him home to spend his final days with family. The medical reports, the brother’s letters, and the quiet dignity of the prisoner’s acceptance of his fate… these details became the backbone of my recommendation. The Board approved his release, and I later heard he passed away surrounded by loved ones. It reinforced why we must never reduce people to their worst mistakes.

    These experiences taught me that clemency isn’t about leniency—it’s about listening deeply to the law, the evidence, and the human heart. My job is to ensure the Board sees the full picture: the tears behind the paperwork, the growth amid the grit, and the fragile hope of second chances.

    You regularly engage with academic institutions and legal forums. What core principle do you emphasize to aspiring lawyers that you feel is often overlooked in formal legal education? Additionally, what guidance would you offer to young professionals still finding their footing in the legal field?

    When I mentor young lawyers, I always start with this: The law isn’t just about books and courtrooms—it’s about the person sitting across from you. Early in my career, I represented a single mother fighting a wrongful eviction. She wasn’t just a “tenant” in a file; she was terrified of losing the home where her kids took their first steps. That case taught me something no textbook ever did: empathy isn’t soft—it’s strategic. You can’t fight for someone if you don’t see them.

    Here’s what I wish someone had told me when I was starting out:
    Stay curious, but stay grounded. The law changes faster than TikTok trends—today it’s AI regulation, tomorrow it’ll be space law! But don’t chase shiny things at the expense of fundamentals. I still rehearse courtroom procedures in my head like a nervous rookie. Why? Because last year, I won a case on a procedural technicality my opponent overlooked. Basics matter.

    Words are your secret weapon. Early on, I wrote briefs packed with Latin phrases, thinking it made me sound smart. Then a judge pulled me aside and said, “Counsel, I’ve got 50 cases today—make me care in one page.” Now I write like I’m explaining things to my grandma. Clarity beats complexity every time.

    Your reputation isn’t a LinkedIn badge—it’s your currency. Once, a client asked me to hide evidence. I walked away, even though it meant losing a paycheck. Two years later, that same client referred a friend, saying, “You’re the only lawyer I trust.” Integrity compounds.

    Find your people. I wouldn’t be here without my mentor, Justice Kapoor, who once told me over chai, “Law is 10% argument, 90% listening.” Surround yourself with folks who’ll call you out when your ego’s writing checks your skills can’t cash.

    And burnout isn’t a trophy. I learned this the hard way during a marathon corporate trial. By day three, I was running on vending machine coffee and hubris. When I fumbled a simple objection, the opposing counsel smirked, “Tired, RDB?” Now I treat rest like it’s part of the job—because it is.

    Winston Churchill once said, “Success is not final, failure is not fatal…” I’ve lived that. I’ve lost cases I should’ve won and won ones I had no business touching. But what sticks with me isn’t the verdicts—it’s the client who hugged me after reuniting with their child, or the retiree who whispered, “You gave me hope again.”

    At the end of the day, great lawyering isn’t about being the smartest in the room. It’s about being the one who notices—the trembling hands, the unasked question, the quiet victory hidden in a compromise. Master that, and you won’t just practice law. You’ll change lives.

    Get in touch with Ramandeep Bawa –

  • “Litigation tests your character before it builds your career.” – Akhil Hasija, Advocate-on-Record at the Supreme Court of India.

    “Litigation tests your character before it builds your career.” – Akhil Hasija, Advocate-on-Record at the Supreme Court of India.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    The field of law is intellectually stimulating but undoubtedly comes with its own set of challenges. What initially inspired you to pursue a career in law, and what continues to drive your passion for this profession?

    During my school days, even though I was a backbencher, I was deeply committed to my studies and consistently ranked among the top five students. In 12th grade, my sole focus was to score well in the board exams. At that stage, I didn’t have the right exposure or mentorship to guide me through structured career entrances like CLAT, so I missed that opportunity. But in hindsight, I believe everything unfolded as it was meant to.

    My journey into law began soon after, and it felt like a natural progression. What initially inspired me was the intellectual challenge the field presents—law requires critical thinking, structured reasoning, and a constant engagement with real-world issues. I was drawn to its power to bring order, resolve disputes, and protect rights.

    What keeps me passionate today is how dynamic and impactful the profession is. No two matters are ever the same. Whether I’m drafting arguments, interpreting statutes, or strategizing for a client, there’s always something new to learn and contribute. The sense of purpose that comes from knowing my work can help individuals, shape policies, or uphold justice is incredibly fulfilling. Law constantly challenges me to grow, not just as a professional but as a person. That’s what keeps me inspired every single day.

    After completing your law degree, what motivated you to pursue a Master’s in Corporate and Business Law from Gujarat National Law University? Why did you choose this particular specialization and institution?

    Before pursuing my Master’s, my journey as a first-generation lawyer was rooted in curiosity and a hunger to learn through experience. With no mentors in the field, I gravitated naturally toward litigation. My first internship was under Hon’ble Mr. Justice Aniruddha P. Mayee, who was then an Advocate-on-Record at the Supreme Court and is now a sitting judge of the Gujarat High Court. Observing his sharp advocacy and structured thinking left a lasting impression on me. It was there I discovered the energy and depth of courtroom practice, and I knew litigation was my path.

    Being a hands-on learner, I expressed a desire to continue training under him. He encouraged me to first build a strong foundation at the trial court level, and referred me to a boutique litigation firm in Jangpura. For nearly three years, I balanced my law school schedule with intensive training at the firm, gaining invaluable exposure to real-world practice.

    Later, I decided to pursue a Master’s in Corporate and Business Law from Gujarat National Law University. Having missed the NLU experience earlier, I was determined to learn in that ecosystem. GNLU’s academic rigor and national stature gave me the perfect platform to complement my practical litigation background with a solid corporate legal framework.

    In the early stages of your legal career, what were some formative experiences that deepened your understanding of the law? How significant do you believe was the role of mentors or seniors during this phase?

    In the early stages of my legal career, what truly deepened my understanding of the law was being exposed to its ground-level application. Working closely at the trial court level, I learned that law is not just about theory or interpretation; it is about people, timing, and precision. I saw firsthand how a strong cross-examination or a well-crafted written submission could influence the outcome of a case. This practical immersion gave me a sense of how justice is pursued step by step.

    One particularly formative experience was learning to draft under tight deadlines in live matters. I understood the value of clarity, accuracy, and urgency. No classroom could have replicated that intensity.

    Mentors played a critical role during this time. Their guidance was not limited to legal advice; they taught me how to carry myself in court, how to listen, when to push, and when to hold back. Their trust in giving me real responsibilities early on helped build my confidence. Being corrected in real time and then being encouraged to do better was more valuable than any textbook. These early lessons laid the foundation not just for my knowledge of law but for how I practice and perceive it to this day.

    You have represented constitutional writ petitions involving sensitive issues, such as the rights of transgender and sexual minority prisoners. What inspired you to take on such complex matters? How do you approach the legal, ethical, and emotional dimensions of cases that receive widespread media attention?

    Yes, I’ve always been deeply driven by causes rooted in social justice and constitutional values. My journey into such complex and sensitive matters began in 2020, when I filed a PIL in my own name before the Delhi High Court, seeking protection of attorney-client privilege in virtual communications during the COVID-19 pandemic. The court issued directions to the Bar Council of India, following which the BCI requested the government to specify secure apps for confidential communications. That experience showed me how a focused legal intervention can protect fundamental rights, even in emerging digital contexts.

    Shortly after, I was approached by a legal correspondent who brought to my attention a disturbing gap, the complete absence of data regarding transgender in the NCRB’s prison statistics. This struck a chord with me. I filed another PIL arguing that in a system where transgender persons are neither acknowledged on paper nor provided with basic facilities in jails, their dignity and identity are systematically denied. I sought urgent judicial intervention to include “third gender” as a separate category in national prison statistics.

    The Hon’ble Court took serious note, and the Union Government committed to including transgender persons in future jail data reporting.

    Cases like these require more than legal knowledge, they demand empathy, courage, and a strong ethical compass. I approach such matters with humility and responsibility, knowing that they affect real lives and attract public scrutiny. My role is not only to argue persuasively but to uphold the dignity of those whose voices often go unheard. Media attention never distracts me, it reminds me of the greater duty I carry as a lawyer committed to constitutional values and human dignity.

    After working with various Advocates-on-Record and Senior Advocates, what led you to establish your own independent practice? What were some of the initial hurdles you encountered, and how did you navigate those challenges?

    I was fortunate to work under some of the finest legal minds in the profession, who not only sharpened my understanding of the law but also instilled in me the discipline, ethics, and confidence essential for courtroom practice. The exposure I received, whether through detailed research, complex drafting, or closely observing strategic litigation, made me realize the kind of advocate I aspired to become.

    Eventually, I felt the urge to take ownership of my own matters and arguments. I believed that building an independent practice would allow me to grow beyond execution and step into strategic thinking, decision-making, and direct client advocacy. It was not an easy transition.

    One of the biggest hurdles was earning the trust of clients without the backing of a senior’s name. I had to prove my capability in every brief and every appearance. There were also financial uncertainties and administrative pressures that come with running your own practice. But I overcame them through consistency, networking, and staying deeply committed to every matter I took up, big or small.

    The challenges were many, but the sense of professional growth and personal fulfillment that comes with independence has made the journey deeply rewarding.

    As an AOR you represent both private and government clients, particularly in matters under the Electricity Act. What are some recurring legal or procedural challenges you face in this domain?

    As destiny would have it, my exposure to electricity and regulatory law began early in my career at one of the offices I worked in, where I had the opportunity to assist on matters for a panel representing electricity distribution companies before the Delhi High Court. That experience sparked a genuine interest in the regulatory framework under the Electricity Act. I gradually took on more responsibilities, working closely on drafting, strategy, and regulatory filings. Recognizing my growing familiarity and aptitude for the subject, the panel encouraged me to formally associate and handle matters independently. That marked the beginning of my journey in this specialized field.

    Electricity law is a unique blend of legal, technical, and regulatory dimensions. One recurring challenge is navigating the procedural overlaps between forums such as the State Commissions, the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission, and Appellate Tribunal. Each has its own timelines, jurisdictional nuances, and compliance obligations. Another frequent hurdle is the technical complexity of issues, including tariff computations, grid code compliance, and power purchase agreements, which often require a detailed understanding of engineering and finance concepts.

    To overcome this, I make it a point to engage regularly with technical experts and stay updated on evolving regulatory guidelines and judicial precedents. Whether I represent government utilities or private players, I approach each matter by balancing legal strategy with technical clarity. This intersectional understanding is what helps deliver real value to clients in this challenging yet intellectually rewarding area of law.

    What has been one of the most challenging cases you’ve handled so far? Could you share insights into how you prepared for it and managed its complexities?

    There have been several challenging cases in my journey, and each one, whether a high-stakes regulatory dispute or a sensitive constitutional matter, has tested my legal acumen in different ways. What I’ve learned is that no case is “simple” once you delve into its details. Every matter demands thorough preparation, a clear strategy, and a deep understanding of both law and facts.

    I approach complex cases by breaking them down systematically, starting with exhaustive legal research, understanding procedural nuances, and aligning the facts with the most persuasive legal framework. Often, the real challenge lies in navigating unpredictability, whether it is evolving judicial trends, stakeholder expectations, or tight timelines.

    Support from peers and mentors, along with constant self-discipline, has been critical. I believe the ability to remain calm under pressure, think logically, and communicate clearly both inside and outside court is what ultimately helps turn legal complexities into opportunities for impactful advocacy.

    What advice would you offer to young lawyers starting their careers? Are there specific habits, mindsets, or resources that played a key role in shaping your professional journey?

    My advice to young lawyers, especially those stepping into litigation, is to embrace patience and perseverance. This profession doesn’t offer immediate rewards but it promises lasting growth for those who are committed. In the early years, it’s easy to feel disheartened when you see peers in other fields earning more or progressing faster. But law, particularly litigation, is a long game. The knowledge, credibility, and client trust you build over time compound into something far more meaningful than just a paycheck.

    One habit that shaped my journey was showing up consistently, even when the work felt repetitive or unrewarded. Staying curious, reading beyond case files, and learning from seniors helped me sharpen both my understanding of the law and the courtroom. I also found it crucial to remain humble. This field rewards those who are open to learning every day.

    Litigation tests your character before it builds your career. But if you remain focused, disciplined, and honest in your work, the profession will eventually give you more than you imagined. There’s no shortcut, only the steady climb. And that’s what makes every milestone worth it.

    Being an AOR and balancing a demanding legal practice with personal life can be challenging. How do you manage your professional responsibilities while also making time for yourself? What do you do to unwind and stay focused?

    Balancing a demanding legal practice as an Advocate-on-Record with personal life certainly has its challenges, but I’ve come to believe that balance isn’t about doing everything; it’s about doing what truly matters with focus and intention. I’ve learned to manage my schedule by prioritizing what needs my attention most and creating small pockets of time for myself, no matter how busy the day is.

    To unwind, I rely on simple but grounding routines: spending time with loved ones, going for long walks, and staying physically active. I also make it a point to disconnect from screens and step away from work conversations when I’m off duty. That break, however brief, allows me to return to work sharper and more focused.

    For me, it’s not about achieving a perfect work-life balance every day, but about being present in whatever I’m doing, whether I’m in court or at the dinner table. That mindset keeps me centered. Over time, I’ve realized that sustaining a successful legal career isn’t just about how hard you work; it’s also about how well you care for your own well-being along the way.

    Get in touch with Akhil Hasija –

  • “That habit of consciously engaging with the law, not just reacting to it, helps me filter noise from relevance.” – Arrpita K Bhatt, Media and Entertainment Lawyer.

    “That habit of consciously engaging with the law, not just reacting to it, helps me filter noise from relevance.” – Arrpita K Bhatt, Media and Entertainment Lawyer.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    Coming from a commerce background, what inspired you to pursue a career in law? In what ways has your academic foundation in commerce complemented your legal journey, particularly in corporate or commercial legal matters?

    While I began my journey in commerce, my deeper purpose was always rooted in empowerment—especially through education. I saw law as a transformative tool, not just to resolve disputes but to elevate people’s understanding of their own rights. That vision pushed me to transition into the legal field.

    During my B.Com, I worked as an Internal Stock Auditor and Stock Researcher. That experience grounded me in the practical workings of the corporate world—from compliance intricacies to financial accountability. It didn’t just teach me numbers; it taught me how businesses breathe. So when I entered law, especially corporate and commercial law, I wasn’t looking at statutes in isolation—I understood the business realities behind them. This dual perspective has helped me serve clients with both strategic insight and legal precision.
    At every step, law has enabled me to blend purpose with profession—using my legal acumen to educate, empower, and break barriers, whether it’s through my professional practice or through initiatives like BLU. 

    How was your experience pursuing an LL.M. in Intellectual Property Rights and Information Technology? What drew you to this specialization over others, and how has it shaped your perspective on law and innovation?

    Growing up as a millennial, I witnessed the Internet evolve from dial-up modems to streaming platforms, memes, and digital marketplaces. That transformation fascinated me. I was always curious about how technology shaped communication, expression, and even identity. At the same time, I was a budding writer—scribbling short stories, blogging, and researching how books get published. That’s when I stumbled upon the concept of Intellectual Property. It felt like unlocking a new superpower—realizing that ideas, like inventions or writings, had legal lives of their own.
    Back when I was in law school, IP wasn’t yet the buzzword it is today. But I could see its future relevance—how creativity and innovation would increasingly become the currency of our generation. That foresight, combined with my natural curiosity for tech and content, made IPR and IT Law a very intuitive choice for my LL.M.
    Pursuing this specialization gave me a profound appreciation of the balance between innovation and regulation. It shaped my ability to not only advise creators and tech companies but also advocate for ethical, accessible, and inclusive innovation. Today, whether I’m working on a deal, mentoring students through BLU, or speaking on digital rights, my perspective is shaped by that early blend of passion, foresight, and learning.

    In the early phase of your career, you were drawn to academics. What were some of the key experiences during that time that deepened your understanding of law and the subjects you taught? What eventually motivated your transition from academia to law firm practice?

    I’ve always had the heart of an academician. Even while pursuing my Master’s, I found myself teaching, mentoring, and constantly questioning the “why” behind every legal principle. That dual role—as both a student and a lecturer—helped me look at law from both sides of the lens: as a learner and a guide.

    Among all the subjects I engaged with, Contract Law left a lasting imprint. It’s one of those timeless areas of law—centuries old yet constantly evolving. No matter how advanced technology becomes or how industries pivot, contracts remain the language through which businesses and individuals build trust. Teaching contracts made me realize how theory and practice often diverge, and that’s when the spark was lit—I wanted to experience how these doctrines come alive in boardrooms, negotiations, and deal-making.
    That desire to move beyond the black-letter law and engage with the real-world intricacies of business is what eventually drew me to law firm practice. I wanted to see how contracts function under pressure, in dynamic sectors, across jurisdictions—and how I, as a lawyer, could bring both legal integrity and commercial sensibility to the table.
    Even today, that academic lens hasn’t left me. Whether through social work or mentorship, I continue to teach—but now with the added richness of my experience and applied insight.

    Transitioning to an in-house counsel role marks a significant shift in a legal career. You’ve worked with some of the biggest names in the media and entertainment sector. How have these roles differed from one another, and could you share one of the most challenging cases you encountered along the way?

    Having worked both at a law firm and as in-house counsel, I’ve come to realize that the shift isn’t so much about a change in career—it’s a shift in perspective. In a firm, you operate as a specialist—often brought in to solve a specific legal problem. But as an in-house counsel, you’re a strategic partner. The role demands that you understand the pulse of the business, anticipate risks before they arise, and offer solutions that don’t just check the legal box, but help the business move forward with confidence.
    What’s unique about the media and entertainment sector is that it may appear as one unified industry, but it’s actually a convergence of many touchpoints—IP, contracts, advertising laws, digital platforms, privacy, broadcasting compliance, and more. Each company I’ve worked with has had its own rhythm—some with a strong content-first approach, others more tech-driven or distribution-led. Understanding the nuance of each business model has been essential, because legal advice isn’t one-size-fits-all; it needs to be context-aware and commercially sound.
    As an in-house lawyer, I see my role as that of an enabler—ensuring the legal function supports innovation, protects creative vision, and helps the business build sustainable value while staying compliant. That blend of law and business strategy is what makes this role both challenging and deeply fulfilling.

    As in-house counsel, how do you navigate the ever-evolving legal landscape especially with regard to content licensing, intellectual property, and digital media regulation in a fast-paced, highly regulated industry?

    Law, by its very nature, is in a constant state of evolution. Even as we speak, it’s shifting—adapting to new technologies, redefining old principles, and responding to societal and business needs. As a legal professional, evolving alongside it isn’t optional—it’s essential.
    In an industry like media and digital content, where disruption is the norm, my approach has been to be informed. I don’t believe in simply forwarding the latest update or echoing headlines. For me, it’s about pausing, reading deeply and asking—what does this mean for our business?
    That habit of consciously engaging with the law, not just reacting to it, helps me filter noise from relevance. It ensures that when I advise on licensing structures, IP risks, or platform regulations, the counsel is not only current but also considered. The joy is in doing the work, not just knowing the jargon.

    Ultimately, being an in-house counsel is about bridging change with clarity—guiding your team through uncertainty, while staying rooted in both principle and practicality.
    
    Your expertise spans IPR, media, and technology laws, with a focused interest in data privacy. In your view, what steps can India take to strengthen its data protection regime and bring it closer in alignment with global frameworks such as the GDPR?

    India’s journey toward a comprehensive data protection framework is both necessary and timely. As the world’s largest democracy with a rapidly digitizing population, our approach must be inclusive, scalable, and rooted in our constitutional values.
    Frameworks like the GDPR have certainly set global benchmarks, and there is much we can be inspired by—particularly in areas like user consent, accountability, and transparency. But our legal and societal landscape is distinct, and that calls for a framework that is uniquely Indian in its design and delivery.
    One key difference lies in the scope of government exemptions. Our law, in its current form, allows certain leeways for the State in matters of data processing. While this reflects the need for governance flexibility, it also places a greater onus on transparent implementation and robust oversight. As citizens, we must remain aware of our rights and engage in the legal process, so the law can evolve to reflect the democratic ideals it’s built upon.
    Ultimately, the goal isn’t to replicate GDPR—it’s to build a framework that works for India, encourages digital trust, and empowers every citizen in this data-driven age. And I believe we are well on our way to achieving that.

    As an author and a mentor deeply engaged with the next generation of legal minds, what gaps do you observe in contemporary legal education? How does your initiative, Basic Law Understanding(BLU), aim to bridge the gap between academic theory and practical legal application?

    We often say that the next generation is tech-driven—and that’s a wonderful strength. But in a world shaped by AI and automation, we need to ensure that not just GenAI is well-trained, but also that Gen Next of professionals are trained to think independently, apply critical reasoning beyond just algorithms.

    BLU is not just a knowledge exchange—it’s a purpose-driven initiative to empower. It is designed for the masses—to bridge the gap not only between classroom and courtroom, but between citizens and their rights. Whether it’s a student understanding broadcasting rights or a citizen decoding consumer rights. The aim is to be ‘Aware’. 

    Having actively contributed to grassroots activism, corporate legal affairs, academic publishing, and mentoring while also leading social initiatives, how do you maintain a balance between your professional responsibilities and personal well-being?

    For me, the idea isn’t to chase balance—it’s to create blend. I don’t see my life as separate compartments of “work,” “passion,” and “personal time.” Instead, I try to design my day—and my purpose—in a way that all these facets flow into one another. But at the core of it all is one intention: to use law as a tool to empower.

    This blend helps me stay connected to what I do and why I do it. I’ve learned that personal well-being doesn’t come from disconnecting from work—it comes from doing work that is aligned with your values, surrounded by people who believe in impact over optics.
    Of course, I have my “DND” moments too—where I switch off, read something that has nothing to do with the law, or spend time with the people who keep me grounded. But I don’t put pressure on myself to perform a balance like a checklist. Instead, I remind myself: if what you do fuels you, then you’re already living in alignment.
    Whether it’s Gen Z finding their calling or seasoned professionals reinventing their role, I believe the future of law lies where empathy, and empowerment coexist naturally.

    What advice would you give to aspiring lawyers at the beginning of their careers? Are there any key habits, mindsets, or resources that you found particularly helpful in shaping your own path in law?

    My biggest advice? It’s that idiom

    “Jack of all trades, master of none, but better than being stuck mastering just one.”

    Law is a vast and layered field, and the more you expose yourself to its different shades—be it contracts, litigation, dispute resolution —the clearer your own voice and direction will become.

    In the early years, don’t rush to define your niche. Explore, assist, volunteer, write, question. “The legal profession isn’t a linear path—it’s more like a mosaic. Each experience, even the smallest one, adds depth to your understanding.” It’s okay to not have all the answers at the start—curiosity will take you further than certainty ever can.

    What helped me most was following what intrigued me. 

    And finally, stay rooted in empathy and purpose. Read beyond the law, fuel your hobbies. Listen to voices outside your echo chamber. Do something that connects you to yourself the most. 

    Your journey is your own, so don’t fear the unconventional. Walk it with awareness, and you’ll find not just success, but meaning.

    *All views and responses mentioned here are personal.*

    Get in touch with Arrpita K Bhatt –

  • “My academic grounding in cyber law proved invaluable as I navigated complex regulatory questions and worked at the intersection of law, technology, and financial innovation.” – Shweta Vashishtha, Executive Officer, Regulatory Affairs at Confederation of Indian Industry (CII).

    “My academic grounding in cyber law proved invaluable as I navigated complex regulatory questions and worked at the intersection of law, technology, and financial innovation.” – Shweta Vashishtha, Executive Officer, Regulatory Affairs at Confederation of Indian Industry (CII).

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    After completing your B. Com (Hons) from Delhi University and qualifying as a Company Secretary from the Institute of Company Secretaries of India, what inspired you to pursue a career in law? Was there a particular moment or experience that led you in this direction?

    Truly speaking, I always aspired to pursue a career in law. However, instead of enrolling in a 5-year integrated law program, life took me on a different path. My brother, who was then pursuing Chartered Accountancy, encouraged me to join the Company Secretary (CS) course. That decision proved to be a turning point.

    During my undergraduate studies, I found myself particularly drawn to subjects such as Business and Corporate Laws, and Information Technology Laws, quickly becoming my favourites. These disciplines didn’t just pique my interest — they ignited a genuine passion for the legal field. In fact, the CS course deepened my interest in the legal field and broadened my understanding of its practical applications in the corporate world. This growing passion led me to appear for the law entrance examination at the University of Delhi in my final year of graduation. Determined to align my career with my true interests, I appeared for the law entrance examination conducted by the University of Delhi. I was thrilled to clear the exam in 2012 and enrolled in the three-year LL.B. program, becoming a part of the 2012–2015 batch. The moment marked the realization of a long-cherished dream, one that had only grown stronger with time and still motivates me every day.

    In the early phase of your career, you dealt with a wide range of matters from RERA and intellectual property to corporate compliance. What were some of the key skills and insights you gained from working across such diverse areas? How did these shape your understanding of the legal field?

    During my tenure at KNM & Partners, Law Offices, I was fortunate to be entrusted with a wide range of responsibilities, each offering me the opportunity to grow as a legal professional. My role encompassed advising on business setup, drafting and reviewing transaction documents, conducting due diligence, managing secretarial compliances for a diverse clientele, and providing legal advisory on various aspects of general corporate law. The breadth of work not only sharpened my technical skills but also nurtured my ability to approach legal issues from multiple perspectives, the versatility at work provided me with an ability to handle different legal domains. 

    One of the most defining phases of my career was in 2016, when two landmark legislations — the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 came into force. At the time, our firm represented several real estate clients, and the enactment of RERA brought with it a surge of queries, concerns, and restructuring needs. I took this as an opportunity to engage deeply with the legislation, dissecting each provision and analysing its impact on ongoing and upcoming real estate projects. It was an intellectually enriching experience to assist clients through this legislative shift, helping them align their operations with the new regulatory framework.

    Simultaneously, the introduction of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code opened another complex legal frontier. I undertook a coordinated study of both RERA and IBC, which proved essential in redrafting agreements and project documentation to align with the changing legal landscape. While the full implications of these reforms were difficult to predict at the time, our early analysis proved prescient, especially as high-profile insolvency cases in the real estate sector, like Jaypee and Amrapali, unfolded. I take pride in the fact that we were able to anticipate critical challenges and guide our clients effectively through an evolving and often uncertain terrain.

    In addition, I was actively involved in navigating the changes introduced by the Trademark Rules, 2017, which significantly streamlined the trademark registration process in India. Being part of this period of rapid legal development gave me first-hand insight into how legislation evolves in response to market needs and how practitioners must adapt quickly and thoughtfully to serve their clients’ best interests.

    These diverse experiences have helped me build a strong foundation in corporate and commercial law, instilling a deep appreciation for the interconnectedness of legal domains. Each assignment strengthened not only my analytical skills but also my ability to view the law in its broader business and societal context. I remain grateful to the seniors and mentors at KNM & Partners whose precision, discipline, and attention to detail continue to inspire my approach to legal practice.

    After starting out in a law firm, you transitioned to working with various government establishments over the years. What motivated this shift? How would you compare the working dynamics of a law firm to those of public sector roles, particularly in terms of impact and approach?

    The transition from a flourishing law firm career to government and policy-focused roles was a deliberate and deeply considered decision. Having witnessed the enactment of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) in 2016, I was eager to move beyond advisory and transactional work to engage directly with the mechanisms of business restructuring. I wanted to be at the forefront of this legal and economic transformation, not just interpreting the law but shaping its implementation.

    I was privileged to be among the first cohort of Research Associates recruited by the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI). Working under the visionary leadership of Dr. M.S. Sahoo, along with senior members such as Mr. Navrang Saini, Ms. Mukulita Vijayawargiya, and Ms. Suman Saxena, was both an honour and a turning point in my career. It gave me the rare opportunity to contribute to the institutional framework of a law still in its infancy, and to witness firsthand how regulations are designed, tested, and refined in the real world.

    One of the most meaningful aspects of working in the public sector is the shift in purpose from serving the interests of individual clients to contributing toward broader economic and societal goals. At IBBI, I experienced how law, policy, and economics intersect and how legal reform can influence market behaviour, investor confidence, and systemic integrity.

    Building on my insolvency experience, I later served as a Legal Consultant in the Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, where I had the opportunity to work on emerging areas such as the digital economy and fintech regulations. This role further deepened my understanding of how legal frameworks must evolve alongside technology, innovation, and global economic shifts. The work was intellectually demanding but equally fulfilling, as it required a macro-level perspective and a fine balance between enabling innovation and safeguarding systemic stability.

    Subsequently, my engagement with the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) allowed me to interface closely with both industry stakeholders and government institutions. It reaffirmed the importance of collaborative policymaking, where the voices of regulators, businesses, and civil society come together to shape balanced, forward-looking legal solutions.

    These transitions have not only broadened my subject-matter expertise but also enriched my professional ethos. Moving from a law firm to policy and regulatory roles has equipped me with a multidimensional view of the legal ecosystem, i.e., from ground-level enforcement to high-level strategy and governance. Each step has reaffirmed my belief in the power of law as a tool for structural change.

    You pursued an LL.M. in Cyber laws from IP University. How did this specialized legal education support your work at the Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance especially while handling complex fintech issues like virtual banking, cryptocurrencies, data protection, and cybersecurity? Could you share a key takeaway from that experience?

    My LL.M. in Cyber Law significantly complemented and enhanced my professional engagement with the Department of Economic Affairs (DEA), Ministry of Finance. In this role, I was entrusted with the critical task of coordinating actions among multiple Ministries and departmental committees involved in implementing the recommendations of the Steering Committee on Fintech-Related Issues.

    This period coincided with a transformative phase in India’s digital economy — UPI was reshaping the payments landscape, emerging technologies were disrupting traditional financial systems, and conversations around cryptocurrencies and blockchain were gaining momentum. The government was actively focused on policy formulation, technology integration, and the development of robust data governance frameworks to promote innovation in fintech while also addressing the challenges posed by rapidly evolving technologies.

    My academic grounding in cyber law proved invaluable as I navigated complex regulatory questions and worked at the intersection of law, technology, and financial innovation. This experience not only deepened my understanding of the legal implications of digital finance but also reaffirmed my commitment to contributing to policy frameworks that are both forward-thinking and resilient.

    In your current role, you are closely involved in policy research and development. Could you share an example of one of the most interesting or impactful policy projects you’ve worked on recently, and what made it stand out to you?

    One of my most recent projects involves stakeholder engagement on the newly enacted Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act, 2024. Given the Act’s cross-sectoral impact, it is poised to influence not just business operations, but also the daily lives of individuals. Naturally, it has attracted diverse and often divergent viewpoints from industry, civil society, and regulatory bodies.

    Facilitating dialogue in such a dynamic environment requires both sensitivity and strategic clarity. Achieving consensus among varied stakeholders is inherently challenging, but it is essential for shaping effective and inclusive implementation frameworks. What guides my approach is a belief that every concern raised deserves to be addressed thoughtfully and with the best available expertise and resources.

    While the legislation itself marks a critical milestone, I firmly believe that its true evolution will occur over time, as market dynamics, technological advancements, and social expectations come into play. Participating in this ongoing process where law adapts to the real-world context continues to be one of the most intellectually and professionally fulfilling aspects of my work.

    Given your active engagement with regulatory bodies such as MCA, SEBI, CCI, and RBI, has there been an instance where you had to manage conflicting stakeholder interests? How did you navigate the situation? In your view, what are the key elements of drafting an effective and balanced policy?

    When engaging with a diverse group of stakeholders, everyone brings their own unique perspective, shaped by personal and professional experience. In such a setting, especially when actively working with regulatory bodies, managing conflicting interests becomes both an art and a science.

    Articulation of differing viewpoints is essential, but so is the ability to facilitate collaboration, build trust, and guide dialogue toward consensus. Successfully liaising with a broad spectrum of stakeholders requires deep research, a nuanced understanding of varied perspectives, and the ability to clearly and objectively communicate those positions.

    Drafting balanced, effective suggestions to the policies in such an environment demands more than legal or technical expertise; it calls for empathy, strategic thinking, and the capacity to harmonize competing priorities while keeping the broader public interest at the core.

    With such a demanding professional role, how do you manage your time, focus, and energy between work and personal life? What’s your approach to unwinding and maintaining balance?

    Balancing a demanding professional role with personal well-being is both a challenge and a conscious commitment. Over the years, I’ve realized that effective time management is not just about scheduling, it’s about setting clear priorities and boundaries.

    I approach my work with dedication and structure my day with focused time blocks, which allows me to be fully present in what I’m doing, whether it’s working on projects, attending meetings or handling tasks at hand. I believe in working smart, not just long — which means delegating when appropriate and leveraging tools and systems that promote efficiency.

    That said, I also place great value on personal time. To unwind, I turn to reading — especially motivational books that lie outside the legal realm and occasionally journalise and reflect. Quiet evenings with family, walks in nature, and mindfulness practices like meditation help me reset and recharge. These moments of stillness and connection give me the clarity and emotional resilience to bring my best self to work.

    Ultimately, for me, balance doesn’t mean equal time for everything but rather being fully engaged in whatever I’m doing — and knowing when to step back to rest and realign.

    Looking ahead, what advice would you offer to young lawyers who aspire to work in government advisory roles or pursue a career in public policy and research? What skills or experiences should they focus on developing?

    I will be glad if my career path and skills provide a source of guidance to the young fraternity. I would advise to develop a strong foundation in law and gain diverse experience-work in different legal areas and with various organizations, be it-law firms, government bodies, industry associations. Cultivate policy research and advocacy skills early on. The ability to analyse policy issues, conducting research, and articulating positions effectively is crucial. Working with government and regulatory bodies requires strong communication and the ability to collaborate with diverse stakeholders.

    Get in touch with Shweta Vashishtha –

  • “The role of lawyers has expanded considerably to not just advise on law but to advise companies on business transactions and to protect the business interests.” – Lokesh Malik, Advocate at Supreme Court of India.

    “The role of lawyers has expanded considerably to not just advise on law but to advise companies on business transactions and to protect the business interests.” – Lokesh Malik, Advocate at Supreme Court of India.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    You have a demonstrated history in corporate commercial litigation, particularly in insolvency laws, arbitration, and commercial disputes. What initially inspired you to pursue a career in law, and what drew you specifically to these areas of practice?

    Once I started with law school, regular brainstorming sessions in a group was something which I got inclined to, and it always helped me in achieving appropriate results subject to the long enjoyable hours of work and preparations.

     Initially, the idea of law school was to begin a law firm journey on the corporate side but as fate decided, I always ended up with internships with litigation teams.  

    As destiny worked, I commenced my career with a litigation chamber where I worked upon and assisted the seniors in matters pertaining to different facets of law. However, arbitrations and insolvency always got my interest. Till today, my workload primarily focuses on insolvency and arbitrations but has over the time also expanded to regulatory, civil and criminal laws as well.  

    The early years in the legal profession can be particularly demanding. When you began your career, what were some of the initial challenges you faced, and what insights did you gain from overcoming them?

    I believe that litigating lawyers are on probation till the time they are litigating lawyers owing to the level of uncertainty. ??? This needs a better explanation. 

    The most common challenges which every new lawyer faces (specially those like me who do not come from a legal background) is in getting appropriate answers to “what” and “why” of the legal profession and the answers to the said questions vary from lawyer to lawyer which often creates further dilemma upon discussions with the fellow lawyers. This dilemma is resolved differently by every person in their own way as there are no set formulae or a defined path to go forward in this profession. Every lawyer has his own storyline. 

    Despite having a positive outlook to life, I would admit that the initial years of my practice were tough in terms of coping up with the pressure, getting overwhelmed before every hearing even when I was not appearing before the court and only assisting and especially looking at my colleagues who, as per my understanding, were doing better etc.  

    However, I was lucky to have the support of a few great friends and mentors who guided me smoothly through all the difficult paths and further helped me in shaping my career as well as understanding the perspective of law. 

    I would say that till today, the struggle of a litigating lawyer continues which is perpetual. Every day is a new learning curve, a new challenge, a new perspective to the fact situation. However, I am in a better place professionally continuing with the thought that there is no short cut to achieving your goals but hard work, sincerity and dedication to the profession along with working smartly (given the latest AI tools and technology at one’s disposal) helps you grow in the legal profession. 

    How are construction arbitration matters typically approached in your experience, particularly those you’ve handled independently? If you could share the key challenges you faced and how you addressed them?

    Construction Arbitrations specifically in India as compared to other jurisdictions are an assortment full of contentious points like price escalation, variation in quality/quantity or both, technical hindrances, delay etc. The said matters being highly technical in nature require a streamlined approach with a proper understanding of the tenders and its clauses.  The key challenges which are usually faced during such proceedings are dependent upon how diligent the party being represented was during the tender/contract implementation stage as maintenance of proper records and communications plays a very important role in the outcome.  Furthermore, high-stake construction arbitrations, specially where cross border parties are involved, require specific experts for delay analysis, claim preparation which are over and above the expertise of most of the lawyers. For instance, delay analysis can be done by an expert in several ways basing on the agreement between the parties which would include but is not limited to – As Planned vs As Built method, Time Impact Analysis, Window Analysis etc. 

    You’ve been involved in several landmark judgments under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. What was it like to be part of such high-stakes litigation, and how did you prepare both legally and strategically for these cases?

    Every case, especially which concerns the Insolvency regime is a high-profile case these days as it is an infant law as compared to other laws and is evolving day by day mostly by way of precedents. The fate of the company is largely dependent on the successful resolution. While working on a high-stake matter, either independently or while being associated with an office, the simple approach which I have always relied upon is firstly know your facts and file. Knowing facts clearly and being able to reproduce/argue them concisely is something which gives your case a clarity.  Once there is clarity to the facts of the case, the law is applied “skilfully”. 

    In representing real estate, trading and textile companies under the IBC, what common legal and operational hurdles have you observed? Based on your experience, what proactive measures can these companies take to better navigate insolvency proceedings?

    While dealing with such matters, the common issues which arise are always lack of contemporaneous communication to safeguard the interests of the party we represent. Owing to lack of such communications and proper compliances, several sound companies suffer. Timely and sound legal advice during the regular day to day functioning of the company also plays a crucial role. The role of lawyers has expanded considerably to not just advise on law but to advise companies on business transactions and to protect the business interests.  

    Leading a team of associates alongside an Equity Partner in complex arbitration and insolvency matters can be quite demanding. How do you approach team management and foster a collaborative working environment that ensures efficiency and high-quality outcomes? Additionally, what key qualities or skills do you value most in your team members?

    Once a lawyer reaches at one point in his or her career, delegation and sharing of work load with the team becomes essential. To have a streamlined and disciplined working environment having proper quality standards while meeting stringent deadlines, it is mandatory that the responsibilities are shared equally and delegated amongst the team which eventually also creates a sense of responsibility towards the assignment. 

    The first and foremost skill we look for in a candidate joining our team is an ability to take decisions and take up responsibilities individually. Secondly, is the zeal to take up litigation and work around the “not talked about” adversities of the profession. A team grows when a member of the team grows individually and eventually when the set backs are approached collectively with a positive mind set with an enthusiasm to keep moving ahead. 

    When representing prominent real estate developers before arbitral tribunals and High Courts, what key strategic considerations shape your approach? Additionally, are there any resources that you regularly rely on and would recommend to others in the field?

    The disputes which real estate developers and their promoters are privy to are diverse in nature which would include applicability of criminal laws, insolvency laws in certain cases, RERA compliances etc.  The main strategic approach to deal with such matters at hand requires a lawyer to deal with all the cases at priority and with due efficiency as on one pretext or the other, the said cases will be linked or will be dependent on each other either on facts, law or the way proceedings are conducted. 

    A proper way to deal with such cases where there is multiplicity of litigation, it is advised to have a brief background of each case so that nothing inconsistent is submitted. Particularly, for matters concerning real estate industry, EPC Contracts etc, commentaries like Building and Engineering Contact by PC Markanda and others can be used apart from usual research tools such as SCC Online, Manupatra etc.. 

    With your wide-ranging experience in litigation and corporate commercial litigation, what advice would you offer to law students or early-career lawyers aspiring to succeed in this profession, especially those looking to build careers in corporate litigation? Are there any resources, habits, or mindsets that you consider essential in today’s legal landscape?

    There is no hard and fast rule for pursuing the professional per se, however, some changes in the daily execution may prove to be beneficial. Every other lawyer, may it be a senior or a beginner in the profession, develops their own way of drafting, arguing etc however, being connected to the fellow lawyers, knowing all the amendments, new precedents always acts as a stepping stone and a boost to the knowledge.  Furthermore, build trust and rapport with the mentors, team and colleagues which eventually will be a big part in the long-standing journey. It is very important to build a solid foundation to understand the proceedings, laws and procedures.  

    It is helpful if you assess at an early stage that if you’re passionate about litigation and towards pursuing it further and if yes, then be patient while continuously evaluating yourself qua the performance. 

    A story of success is always backed by a story of failure and trials. 

    Given your demanding professional commitments and deep involvement in high-profile cases, how do you maintain balance between your personal and professional life? Are there any core principles or philosophies that guide you in both spheres?

    Being a lawyer always comes along with its own set of challenges such as long working hours. There is no shortcut to it as it is a service industry which is very dynamic and ever evolving and whereby everything is based on the efficiency and quality of the service provided. 

    The work life balance and the outlook one looks at differs from person to person, however certain habits which should be taken up early in the profession are that one should be able to set boundaries between work and personal life while setting deadlines. Time management and efficient organisation ensuring the allocation of work and time are important. Lastly, flexibility is the key for successful implementation of the above two points as it helps a person to adapt and adjust the schedule as and when required. 

    Get in touch with Lokesh Malik –

  • “The cornerstone of this profession is passion. Be genuinely passionate about the law and the pursuit of justice.” – Chaitanya S.G., Partner at Chaitanya & Nithyananda Advocates.

    “The cornerstone of this profession is passion. Be genuinely passionate about the law and the pursuit of justice.” – Chaitanya S.G., Partner at Chaitanya & Nithyananda Advocates.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    The field of law is intellectually rewarding yet comes with its unique set of challenges. What initially inspired you to pursue a career in law, and what continues to motivate you on this journey?

    My journey into the field of law began right after my 12th grade when I chose to pursue my LL.B (5-year course) at KLE Society’s Law College. Initially, I aspired to join the Indian Armed Forces, driven by a deep-seated desire to lead and serve. However, my struggle with mathematics and science meant that clearing the NDA exams was not in my destiny. I vividly remember sitting in solitude, reflecting on my strengths and weaknesses. It was during those moments of introspection that I realized my passion for reading and writing—two things that had always been close to my heart. This realization sparked the decision to pursue law. Although I did briefly consider journalism, my inclination towards the structured reasoning and the sense of justice that law offered steered me in this direction.

    Coming from a family with no legal background, convincing my parents to support my decision was no small feat. Yet, the very moment I stepped into the law classroom, I knew I had found my calling. I was immediately drawn to the subjects and spent countless hours in the law library, which felt like a sanctuary of knowledge. From day one, I was resolute that my journey as a lawyer would be guided not merely by the ambition to win cases, but by the deeper purpose of resolving disputes and restoring harmony.

    Participating in moot courts and debate competitions further solidified my passion, providing me with an inexplicable high. Two books that profoundly influenced my perspective were My Experiments with Truth by Mahatma Gandhi and Roses in December by M.C. Chagla. Their writings inspired me to see the law not just as a profession, but as a powerful instrument for social change.

    Now, sixteen years since I first walked out of the gates of law college and into the courtroom, that initial excitement remains undiminished. The thrill of crafting arguments, the challenge of persuading a judge to consider a perspective against the odds, and above all, the joy of representing the underprivileged and witnessing the smile of relief when justice is served—these are the moments that keep me going and motivated. For me, the law is not just a career; it is a calling, a journey to bring justice and dignity to those who seek it.

    In the early stages of your career, you had the opportunity to intern and work with several prominent organisations and senior advocates. Could you share some of the most enriching experiences from that period? Are there any insights or principles you learned then that continue to guide your practice today?

    In the initial years of my legal education, the concept of internships was virtually non-existent—at least in my college. Our curriculum did not mandate internships, and the very idea of interning was something I stumbled upon almost by chance. I remember the first time I heard about internships; I was genuinely thrilled at the prospect of working on real-world cases and putting my theoretical knowledge to the test.

    Interestingly, I did not follow the conventional path of interning under senior advocates or established law firms. My first real exposure to corporate law came through the encouragement of a very close friend, Karthik Kannappan, who was my senior in college and had secured a position as a legal associate in an MNC. He not only persuaded me to explore corporate law but also recommended me for an internship. This was quite a breakthrough, considering that major corporations and MNCs traditionally reserved internship slots for students from National Law Schools. For me, getting that opportunity felt monumental.

    Another significant internship experience was with an LPO, where I worked on preparing chains of title for Hollywood movies. It was an eye-opening experience that introduced me to non-litigation work and gave me a glimpse into American laws—a perspective that would later shape my appreciation for international legal frameworks.

    I vividly recall my conversation with Sanjay Bhatia, my Head of Department at the LPO, during my final days of internship. When I requested him for a few words of wisdom, he humorously remarked, “Hard work is the stepping stone for more hard work.” Though said in jest, that statement resonated with me and has been proven true time and again throughout my career.

    If I have learnt any insights or principles that continue to guide my practice today it is that, if I am sincere in my heart and put in the hours of hard work without the immediate expectations of money or fame, the profession becomes not just rewarding but truly beautiful. The early years of toil and perseverance lay the foundation for a career that is both intellectually and spiritually fulfilling.

    Having begun your career in the corporate sector, what inspired your transition into litigation and eventually led you to establish your own firm? What were some of the initial challenges you encountered, and how did you overcome them?

    Three months before my final semester exams in law school, I secured a position with a startup LPO. With the blessing of my beloved Principal, I began working even before completing my degree. By the time my results were announced, I had already been promoted to Team Lead, managing a team of ten lawyers. Our primary task was contract drafting as part of a pilot project for a UK-based client who was building automation software for legal documentation. It was a thrilling start—high-pressure deadlines, intricate contract terms, and a steep learning curve. Yet, within a few months, the work grew monotonous.

    Back in law college, I had harboured a dream of standing tall and presenting my arguments in Court Hall 1 of the Supreme Court of India. That vision seemed to fade with each passing day in the corporate environment. One fine day, with sheer conviction and a heart full of ambition, I put in my papers, bidding farewell to the corporate world once and for all. I took the leap to establish my own law practice—an audacious decision that stemmed from my unwavering confidence in my drafting and argumentative skills.

    The initial days, however, were not without challenges. The most daunting of all was understanding procedural law. Despite relentless reading, the layers of procedural intricacies remained elusive. It felt as though I had to reinvent the wheel, learning the ropes one step at a time. For the first three years of my independent practice, I focused exclusively on criminal cases. Over time, I began to appreciate the nuances of the Criminal Procedure Code, witnessing firsthand how the principles I had studied unfolded in real-world scenarios. I saw the wheels of justice in motion and felt a profound sense of purpose.

    I must express my deep gratitude to the entire fraternity of the Advocates Association, Bengaluru. Whenever I sought guidance, there was always a senior colleague willing to help—selflessly and without expectation of remuneration. This collective spirit of learning and mentorship was instrumental in my growth.

    There came a point when I felt I was being stereotyped as a “criminal lawyer.” Although I cherished the title, I was eager to explore the civil side of practice with the same intensity and passion. It was then that I met my mentor and guru, Sri. K.V. Narasimhan. He took me under his wing, polished my skills, and guided me through the labyrinth of civil litigation. I consider myself a disciple to him, and even today, I seek his guidance with the same reverence. His mentorship is a debt of gratitude I shall carry for a lifetime.

    The transition from corporate law to litigation, and the subsequent establishment of my own firm, was driven by an unyielding belief in my abilities and the support of the legal fraternity. Those formative experiences not only shaped my career but also solidified my commitment to the ideals of justice and advocacy.

    You have appeared and argued in a diverse range of matters, including writ petitions, civil and criminal disputes, and public interest litigations across various judicial forums. Could you tell us about a particularly complex or memorable case you handled, and how you approached its legal or procedural intricacies?

    Over the course of my career, I have had the privilege of handling numerous cases spanning writ petitions, civil and criminal disputes, and public interest litigations. While each case carries its own significance, there is one case that stands out as particularly complex and memorable—not just for its legal intricacies, but for its far-reaching implications on the privacy and constitutional rights of over 140 crore Indians.

    In 2019, I was approached by Col. Mathew Thomas, a retired Indian Army Officer, who sought my legal opinion on a certified copy of a contract entered into between the President of India, represented by the Director of Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), and certain private companies headquartered in the United States. As a trial advocate primarily focused on courtroom practice, my initial impression was that this was just another contract review. However, as I delved deeper into the document, I was astounded to discover the magnitude of its implications.

    The agreement, dated back to 2010, was executed on a mere ₹500 stamp paper, which seemed oddly insignificant considering the enormity of what it entailed. The contract granted these American private companies—some of the largest defence contractors to the U.S. Government and various international agencies involved in global surveillance, spying, and espionage—unfettered rights to USE, STORE, COLLECT, PROCESS, AND TRANSFER the biometric and demographic data of Indian citizens collected during Aadhaar enrolments. This wasn’t just routine information; it involved highly sensitive data, including fingerprints, iris scans, and personal demographic details of millions of Indians.

    As I pored through the clauses, it became alarmingly clear that these defense-linked corporations were given sweeping access and control over critical personal data of all Indians without adequate safeguards or oversight. Effectively, the contract enabled foreign entities deeply tied to global surveillance networks to potentially exploit or misuse this information, posing severe risks to India’s data sovereignty and the privacy rights of its citizens.

    Realizing the gravity of the matter, I promptly filed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) before the Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka and appeared as a counsel on behalf of Col. Mathew Thomas, challenging the legality and constitutional validity of the agreement. Given the critical nature of the issue, the High Court, in its wisdom, granted us the liberty to move the matter before the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India.

    Although this was not my first appearance before the Hon’ble Chief Justice of India as I had the privilege of appearing in earlier matters as well, this case carried a different weight, a deeper resonance, because it wasn’t just about a dispute—it was about safeguarding the very essence of privacy and national integrity.

    The Hon’ble Supreme Court, after considering the submissions, remanded the matter back to the High Court of Karnataka for further consideration, and the matter is now pending adjudication. The experience reinforced my belief in the power of law as a protector of civil liberties and as a beacon of justice for the common man. For me, this case is a reminder that the true essence of legal practice transcends mere arguments; it is about upholding the sanctity of individual rights and the sovereignty of our nation.

    This case remains etched in my memory not just for its scale and complexity, but for the realization that as advocates, we hold the profound responsibility to safeguard the rights and freedoms of society at large, often against formidable odds.

    With extensive experience across multiple domains such as Negotiable Instruments, Consumer Protection, Insurance, and Revenue matters, how do you adapt your legal strategy when appearing before quasi-judicial authorities as compared to regular courts, where do procedural nuances differ?

    The essence of legal strategy, whether before quasi-judicial authorities or regular courts, is rooted in a fundamental principle: learning never ends. This is precisely why the legal profession is called a “practice.” Mastery over subjects of law is not merely beneficial—it is the foremost duty of a lawyer. Over the years, I have embraced every opportunity to study new areas of law, constantly expanding my knowledge base. I truly believe that the moment one claims there is nothing more to learn is the very moment one begins to stagnate in this profession.

    When it comes to quasi-judicial authorities, the strategy is simple yet profound: understand the core of the problem and the root cause of the dispute. If these foundational aspects are grasped well, I believe half the battle is already won. My years of practice have taught me that irrespective of the forum, if you are well-versed in the Civil and Criminal Rules of Practice, you are effectively equipped to navigate most procedural nuances.

    Of course, quasi-judicial authorities bring their own procedural peculiarities—whether it’s the summary nature of proceedings under the Negotiable Instruments Act, the consumer-friendly mechanism under the Consumer Protection Act, or the evidentiary flexibility permitted in Insurance and Revenue matters. Each of these specialized forums is birthed from distinct legislative enactments, and their procedural requirements reflect the legislative intent to deliver faster, more focused justice.

    To adapt effectively, I ensure that I invest time in understanding the specific procedural mandates and jurisdictional subtleties of these forums. While it is true that procedural lapses can sometimes occur, I firmly believe that with proper study and preparation, these can be minimized, if not entirely avoided. My approach has always been to meticulously understand the enactments governing these bodies, thereby positioning myself to present my arguments seamlessly, whether it be in front of a tribunal, commission, or an appellate authority.

    In summary, my strategy is underpinned by relentless learning, deep understanding of the core dispute, and rigorous preparation tailored to the procedural framework of the forum I am appearing before. I consider it not just a strategy, but a philosophy of practice.

    Election petitions are often intricate and high-stakes in nature. What are some of the key legal considerations to keep in mind while arguing such matters? If possible, could you share an experience from a case you’ve handled in this area?

    Election Petitions are a unique category of legal proceedings governed by the Representation of the People Act, 1951, wherein the High Court assumes the role of the Election Tribunal. These matters are distinct, as the trial is conducted before the High Court itself, unlike other civil or criminal matters. Key legal considerations while arguing Election Petitions include Locus Standi, Grounds of Challenge, Strict Adherence to Procedure, Burden of Proof, Speedy Disposal. Under Section 81 of the Act, an Election Petition can only be presented by any candidate at the election or any elector. As per Section 2(e) of the Act, an elector is defined as any person whose name appears in the electoral roll of the constituency and is free from disqualifications under Section 16 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950.

    One particularly memorable case that I handled in this regard was the challenge of a Biennial Election to the Rajya Sabha. A Member of Parliament had been unanimously elected, and his nomination was contested by a voter on grounds of material suppressions in his affidavit. The challenge, however, was that the petitioner was not an elector as per the Act.

    The Representation of the People Act, under Section 81(1) Explanation, defines an elector as someone entitled to vote at the election, even if the person did not actually cast a vote. In this case, there was no voting at all—the election was unanimous. All candidates were sponsored by political parties, and hence, MLAs and MLCs were the only recognized electors.

    I represented the petitioner before the High Court, arguing that the “explanation is not a rule; an explanation cannot defeat the purpose of the enactment; and an explanation cannot override the definition.” I put forth the contention that I, as the petitioner, was the elector’s elector—a voice for the common man who is ultimately the foundation of electoral democracy. I argued that the spirit of the legislation was to enable challenges to irregularities and that the unanimous nature of the election should not bar the electorate from questioning it.

    As anticipated, the High Court dismissed the petition, not on the merits but purely on locus standi. But for me, the true journey began when I moved the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India, appearing before the Hon’ble Chief Justice. I argued vehemently, challenging the conventional understanding of the Explanation to Section 81. Although the Hon’ble Supreme Court was not inclined to allow my prayer, I walked out of the courtroom with a profound sense of satisfaction—a victory of learning, strategy, and courage to stand up for what I believed in. The hours of rigorous preparation, studying every nuance of the Representation of the People Act, and foreseeing every possible counter-argument gave me an unmatchable treasure of knowledge.

    In retrospect, while the case did not result in a favorable verdict, it was a landmark experience for me—proof that the real triumph sometimes lies in the fight, not just the outcome.

    What advice would you offer to young professionals and law students aspiring to build a career in this field? Are there any books, resources, or habits you would recommend that helped you in your own journey?

    I believe that offering blanket advice to young professionals and law students would be superficial because each individual comes from a distinct family and societal background that shapes their present circumstances. However, through my own journey, I have discovered certain habits and principles that I would strongly recommend to anyone aspiring to build a career in law.

    The cornerstone of this profession is passion. Be genuinely passionate about the law and the pursuit of justice. There will be times when financial and personal constraints may make you question your path. Despite those moments of doubt, the secret to becoming a good advocate is to persevere even when the odds are against you. Never give up; your persistence will be your greatest ally.

    There is no shortcut in law. Make it a habit to read at least four hours a day. This should include not just legal texts but also judgments, commentaries, and even works of literature that sharpen your articulation and depth of understanding. The law is ever-evolving, and staying updated is not just an advantage—it is a necessity.

    Law can be an all-consuming profession. It is intense, demanding, and at times, overwhelming. Developing hobbies outside of law—whether it’s playing a sport, writing, traveling, or painting—provides a much-needed escape and helps in maintaining mental balance. These hobbies act as a sanctuary when the weight of the profession becomes too heavy.

    One thing that is often overlooked is physical and mental health. Eat well, because brains need fuel to think. An empty stomach leads to fatigue, loss of focus, and poor decision-making. Sleep well, because your sharpness and ability to argue effectively are heavily dependent on rest. The mind is your greatest tool; take good care of it.

    Finally, take time to celebrate your victories—both big and small. If you are someone who does not find joy in life, chances are you won’t find joy in the profession either, because for an advocate, the profession becomes life. Embrace it, enjoy it, and let it be your passion. Learn to enjoy the journey of learning. It is not the cases you win or lose that define you, but the person you become in the process.

    Balancing a demanding legal practice with personal life can be challenging. How do you manage your professional responsibilities while also making time for yourself? What do you do to unwind and stay rejuvenated?

    Time is a man-made construct. I have deeply understood this, and that understanding forms the very basis of how I manage both my professional and personal life. For a busy man, there is always time for everything; for a lazy, pessimistic procrastinator, there is only shortage and dearth.

    I begin my day with something that brings me immense joy—cooking. I am a good cook, and I start each morning in the kitchen, preparing breakfast and lunch for my wife and daughter. It is my way of setting a positive tone for the day—nurturing my family before stepping into the world of law.

    One day a week, I completely disconnect from work and dedicate that time to playing leatherball cricket. It’s my way of feeling like a kid again, venting out all the stress, and just enjoying the pure thrill of the game. Sports, I believe, is a fantastic way to stay rejuvenated and grounded.

    Travel is another escape I hold dear. Once or twice a year, I go on bike rides—a passion that I cherish deeply. In 2021, I went solo from Kanyakumari to Jammu, covering the entire stretch over 18 days. It was a journey of solitude, reflection, and freedom that I hold close to my heart.

    I also sketch, doodle, and paint occasionally. Playing with colors is incredibly refreshing for me, offering a creative outlet that’s far removed from the rigors of legal battles. I am a lover of Carnatic music and an ardent listener. During my college days, I used to play the violin, although the demands of practice have left me with little space to pursue it actively now.

    Of late, I have embraced creative writing. I recently published my fiction novel, Tales of Lawyer Ramachandra Shastry, which has been a deeply fulfilling journey. I also won the 21st Century Emily Dickinson Award from Book Leaf Publishing Co. for my collection of poems titled How to Lose Your Keys and Find Yourself – Poems for the Beautifully Flawed. It consists of 30 acrostic poems that reflect on philosophy and life. I have also completed a philosophical work on Advaita, which is due for publishing soon.

    For me, life is a balance of passion, purpose, and play. Each role I take up—as a lawyer, a writer, a cook, a traveller, and a cricketer—nourishes a different part of me. It’s not about managing time; it’s about embracing it.

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