Super Lawyer

Tag: Litigation

  • “To be a lawyer is to fight for justice, stand for truth, and give strength to those who cannot fight for themselves.” – Dr. Milap Narayan Chopra, Deputy Government Counsel, Government of Rajasthan.

    “To be a lawyer is to fight for justice, stand for truth, and give strength to those who cannot fight for themselves.” – Dr. Milap Narayan Chopra, Deputy Government Counsel, Government of Rajasthan.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    Your academic credentials span law, commerce, business, and company secretaryship, culminating in a Ph.D. in Law. How has this multidisciplinary education shaped your approach to legal practice, especially at the intersection of law, business, and corporate governance?

    From the very first day of my law school, I carried a clear ambition to become a world-class corporate lawyer being inspired by Jim Carrey’s story, who wrote himself a $10 million check for “acting services rendered” and carried it as a reminder of his vision and by the mid-1990s fulfilled that vision through belief and intense hard-work. Motivated by this, I wrote my own paper slip in 2010 to myself; “Dr. Milap Chopra (Gold Medallist), B.Com., LL.B. (Hons), CS, MBA, LL.M., Ph.D.” and carried it in my wallet as a visualization and constant reminder of my ambition to become a world-class corporate lawyer. With that goal in mind, I carefully structured my academic and professional journey. Alongside my law degree, I pursued the Company Secretaryship (CS) course, completing both simultaneously to strengthen my understanding of corporate law and governance. I interned at India’s leading-top law firms including Amarchand, JSA, AZB, Anand & Anand, among others, gaining exposure to top-tier corporate practice across the metro cities. Throughout the academic journey of law school, I consistently maintained meritorious performance, ultimately graduating as the Gold Medallist and batch topper of Institute of Law, Nirma University.

    Yet destiny had a different plan. During the last semester of law school, my father, himself a practicing lawyer at the Bikaner Sessions Court, was elected as the First Citizen of Bikaner i.e., the Mayor of the city. He encouraged me not to take up a corporate job or join a law firm, but to pursue litigation. Respecting his guidance, I set aside the offers of a job I had received and began practice at the Rajasthan High Court, Jodhpur, as an associate in the chambers of Shri Mahendra Singh Singhvi, Senior Advocate. That experience was not just training or learning; it was an immersion into the craft of litigation, teaching me the temperament, discipline, and holistic approach required for meaningful legal practice. I am deeply thankful to God for that turn of events, because it helped me realise that true legal practice requires temperament and an inbuilt nature — qualities essential for anyone who wishes to pursue litigation meaningfully. Law is not just a profession; it is a noble calling. It remains unique in its ability to serve the public interest at large, where one’s work can directly benefit society through precedents, judgments, and observations/outcomes.

    After starting practice at the Rajasthan High Court, Jodhpur, I enrolled for Masters in Law at the prestigious Government Law College, Bikaner. This required remarkable dedication as in the first year, I travelled overnight every Tuesday from Jodhpur to Bikaner to give my six exams of the first year on every Wednesday; however, destiny had other pivotal moments as well, a life-threatening road-accident during that period became a blessing in disguise which forced me to pause and reflect, doctors advised me to pursue a desk job, and for a short while, my unfulfilled corporate dream seemed to materialize and I got the opportunity to work with the PwC at Gurugram, one of the world’s Big Four Consultancy firms wherein I soon realised I was not made for the corporate world. My temperament fit litigation, not a corporate desk. During my PwC days, I also pursued an MBA, completing it under tough circumstances, often writing three back-to-back exams of three hours each on weekends, as leave was nearly impossible in corporate life. That job experience further strengthened my resolve to practice at Jodhpur and added yet another dimension to my academic journey.

    Through it all, one firm belief and that paper slip has always guided me that extra qualifications add extra dimensions to one’s legal career. That conviction drove me to explore law, commerce, business, and company secretaryship, before finally pursuing a Ph.D. in Law. Today, this multidisciplinary foundation allows me to approach issues at the intersection of law, business, and corporate governance with a rare balance- offering solutions that are legally sound, commercially viable, & ethically responsible. And, finally, in July 2024, after 15 long years of academic and career journey, I added the “Dr.” prefix to my name, completing the journey I had envisioned on that first day of law school on a slip of paper. Through belief, conviction, hard work, and the courage to dream, every challenge i.e., exams, travel, job, courtroom battles, became part of the story. That slip was never just a piece of paper; it was a promise to myself, a compass that guided me to become the well-qualified lawyer I aspired to be, and a reminder that dreams nurtured with patience and perseverance truly come alive and I hope that anyone who reads this feels inspired to keep their own slips of hope alive.

    Pursuing CS and Law simultaneously is both ambitious and demanding. What advice would you offer to students who are considering this path? Are there any specific strategies or resources that helped you manage both effectively and could benefit others looking to do the same?

    Pursuing Company Secretaryship alongside a law degree is ambitious and demanding, but immensely rewarding if approached with purpose and discipline. From the very start of my law school, I aligned every step i.e., internships, academics, and extra qualifications with my goal of becoming a world-class corporate lawyer.

    My advice would be to treat both the programs as complementary, not competing. Law builds your legal reasoning and litigation skills; CS gives deep insight into corporate governance, compliance, and business operations. Today, modern litigation often involves complex corporate matters, and understanding both legal and corporate dimensions allows a lawyer to craft strategic, holistic solutions.

    Ultimately, my journey shows that combining CS and law not only prepares you for corporate practice but also enriches litigation skills. A modern litigating lawyer increasingly needs to understand business structures, governance frameworks, and compliance requirements to provide nuanced advice, anticipate challenges, and craft effective legal strategies. For students willing to embrace the challenge, the payoff is a multidisciplinary foundation that sets them apart and equips them to thrive in both courtroom and corporate boardroom settings.

    In your role as Deputy Government Counsel for Rajasthan, you’ve managed cases across diverse departments like Transport, Tourism, and Water Resources. Could you share a particularly challenging case or policy issue you handled, and how you approached its legal complexities?

    As Deputy Government Counsel for Rajasthan, one of the most challenging aspects has been handling cases that cut across diverse departments, from Transport and Tourism to Water Resources, Higher and Medical Education. Each case brings its own legal complexity, but the real challenge often lies in creating a channel of cooperation among multiple officers in charge of different departments and ensuring that a timely, coherent reply is filed before the Hon’ble Court. Unlike private practice, here you appear from the respondent’s side, where the responsibility is not only to defend but also to uphold the policies and decisions of the State.

    In matters like appointments, recruitments, examinations, policy changes, or large bunch-transfer cases, the pressure can be immense because of the far-reaching implications for both the government and the public at large. That is why I believe success depends on three things: having a good team of associates, valuing the effectiveness of court clerks or munshi’s, and maintaining proper updation of files and continuous monitoring of case status. These seemingly small practices are actually the backbone of timely and effective representation before the Court.

    My multidisciplinary background in law, commerce, business, & corporate governance has helped me approach these issues with a structured, solution-oriented mindset. Rather than being daunted by the complexity, I focus on building cooperation, managing deadlines under pressure, and ensuring that the State’s position is presented in a legally sound, precise, and persuasive manner. In many ways, these challenges mirror the lessons I’ve carried since law school that discipline, teamwork, and a holistic outlook are key to navigating the most demanding cases.

    What inspired you to establish Law Compass LLP? What were some of the early challenges you faced in building the firm, and what long-term vision do you hold for its role in the Indian legal ecosystem?

    The inspiration to establish Law Compass LLP came from my belief that the legal profession is not only about advocacy but about navigating people toward the best possible solutions. That’s why our firm carries the tagline: “Navigating you to the best possible legal solution.” As a co-founder, along with my Jaipur-based partner, Pranjal Singh, and our Delhi-based partner Siddharth Acharya, Advocate-on-Record, we envisioned a practice that offers clients both litigation and non-litigation expertise under one roof. Our diverse backgrounds allowed us to position Law Compass LLP as a one-stop solution for multifaceted client needs.

    The early challenges were the ones most young firms face i.e., building trust, managing resources, and delivering consistent results while ensuring timely compliance. But my multidisciplinary journey, coupled with our team’s strength in corporate law, governance, and litigation, gave us the foundation to bridge gaps effectively. We worked consciously on building a system that valued teamwork, proper updation of files, responsiveness, and a client-first approach, even under the extreme pressures that litigation often brings.

    What sets us apart is our functioning model. We focus not just on winning cases but on ensuring effective, time-bound relief, transparent communication, and value-driven fee structures. Like the big law firms in India, we are building a culture of professionalism, research-oriented strategy, and holistic solutions, but our boutique size allows us to remain nimble, personalized, and accessible. In this way, we hope to complement the Indian legal system by reducing delays, improving efficiency, and delivering justice in a way that clients find both approachable and dependable.

    Our long-term vision is to make a meaningful difference in the Indian legal ecosystem by providing solutions that are legally sound, commercially practical, and socially responsible. We aspire for Law Compass LLP to grow into a boutique firm that is known not only for legal excellence but also for its role in strengthening trust in the system itself — making the law work better for those it is meant to serve.

    You’ve represented a wide range of clients from banks and PSUs to co-operative societies and educational institutions. When handling government-related matters, what unique challenges arise, and how do you tailor your strategy to ensure effective and compliant representation?

    When it comes to government-related matters, the challenges are very different from private representation. The most unique difficulty lies in the volume of cases and the strict timelines within which replies and arguments must be prepared. The pendency of cases directly impacts the smooth functioning of governance, so the responsibility of a government counsel is not only professional but also systemic.

    To handle this, I firmly believe in the strength of a structured ecosystem which includes an effective court clerk/munshi, a reliable team of associates, regular updation of files, complete coordination with the OIC’s and constant monitoring of case status. Every stage i.e., from gathering factual reports, to preparing replies, to filing in the registry, to finally arguing with a well-prepared note ensuring that no matter goes unheard before the Hon’ble Court. For this, the cause list has to be noted with precision every single day, and it is the duty of a government counsel to make sure that not a single case is missed being represented. Even one lapse can have serious consequences for governance and public interest. Without that structure, government litigation can easily get derailed under its own weight.

    Fortunately, under the able leadership of our Hon’ble Chief Minister Bhajan Lal Sharma ji, the State of Rajasthan has made government-side litigation comparatively smoother and more systematic. We regularly hold meetings with the Officers-in-Charge (OICs) to review pendencies, address bottlenecks, and ensure that the State’s representation before the Hon’ble Rajasthan High Court is effective and timely. This cooperation between counsel and departments allows us to tailor our strategy in a way that is both compliant and efficient, ensuring that justice is not delayed for the people we ultimately serve.

    With such a strong academic foundation, do you believe that continuous scholarly engagement should be a part of every legal professional’s journey? How has your own academic work enriched your practice?

    Absolutely. On the very first day of my law school orientation, Senior Advocate Shri P.M. Thakkar told us that “a lawyer is always a student” that one must remain in constant learning mode, curious to know the “why” and committed to finding solutions through knowledge. That message struck me deeply. Inspired also by Jim Carrey’s story, I wrote on that slip of paper (which I have carried since my first semester) that I would remain a learner till the last day of my life.

    That conviction has shaped my journey. Even after completing my Ph.D. in Law, I regularly enroll in online courses, workshops, and other academic engagements. Today, my scholarly pursuits have come full circle, I now travel across institutions to deliver lectures, judge moot court competitions, and being a government counsel participate in government meetings and each of these experiences further refines my practice.

    For me, scholarship and practice are not separate but complementary. Continuous learning sharpens my arguments, broadens my perspective, and keeps me adaptable in a fast-changing legal landscape. In essence, my academic work has not only enriched my practice but also kept me aligned with the belief that law is a living discipline and to practice it meaningfully, one must always be willing to learn, unlearn, and relearn.

    Balancing a high-pressure legal practice with deep engagement in social leadership roles such as Founding Trustee of BEST Foundation Trust, Vice Chairman of JITO Youth Wing etc. is no small feat. How do you manage this balance, and what continues to motivate your commitment to social transformation alongside your legal career?

    Balancing law with social leadership has never felt like a burden; it has always been a calling. Two incidents, in particular, have shaped this approach for me.

    The first comes from my political legacy. My father, a deeply honest politician, always taught us that if society has given us everything, we must find ways to give back. That value has been a guiding principle in my life. With this conviction, I founded the BEST Foundation Trust “Better Education for Social Transformation”. Through this initiative, we work to make education accessible and meaningful by paying the school fees of underprivileged students, providing scholarships to meritorious ones, and creating opportunities for educational growth etc.

    The second defining moment was far more personal. During a life-threatening road accident, I was in a coma for 67 hours, and I lost a dear friend in that tragedy. That experience shook me and instilled a deep realization that we only have one life and the only way to honor it is by living with purpose & making a positive difference in society.

    So, even while managing the pressures of a legal practice, I consciously dedicate time and energy to social causes, supported by an effective team. What keeps me motivated is the belief that law and leadership must go hand in hand, one upholds justice in the courtroom, the other nurtures transformation in the community.

    You’ve been actively involved in initiatives focused on youth empowerment and educational access. What advice would you offer to aspiring legal professionals who wish to follow a path like yours? What mindset and resources do you believe are essential for building a meaningful legal career today?

    My advice to aspiring legal professionals is simple yet profound; always stay curious, always stay disciplined, and never forget to ask yourself the basic question: “Why Me?”

    Whether you are arguing before My Lords, preparing for a job interview, or even praying to God to fulfill your dreams, just pause and ask, why should this relief, this opportunity, or this blessing come to me? If you can honestly satisfy yourself with an answer, if you have worked hard enough to justify it, then trust me — it will be you.

    In my own journey, this mindset has been a compass. From managing rigorous studies in law, CS, MBA, LL.M. and Ph.D., to working with top firms, to practicing in court, to representing the State of Rajasthan as Government Counsel and even balancing social leadership, the “Why Me?” principle has kept me grounded and accountable. It pushes you to prepare better, to think deeper, and to act with integrity.

    So, to young professionals — build your career not just on ambition, but on clarity of purpose, a commitment to continuous learning, and the courage to answer that “Why Me?” every single day. That’s what transforms a legal career into a meaningful journey.

    Finally, what guiding motto or philosophy has carried you through your legal journey? And looking back, what inspired you to pursue a career in law in the first place?

    My guiding philosophy has always been that law is not merely a profession, but a noble calling; a lifelong duty to the Constitution and to society at large. A lawyer is entrusted with the privilege of defending rights, upholding justice, and ensuring that the rule of law prevails over fear, power, or influence.

    The inspiration to pursue this path came at a defining moment in my eleventh standard, when I had to choose my stream of study. At that time, the choices were clear — science for engineers, biology for doctors, commerce for accountants. Unsure of where I belonged, I asked my father what I should pursue. His answer changed the course of my life. Looking at my extrovert nature, my speaking skills, my temperament, and the qualities he believed reflected a good lawyer, he said to me:

    “You should become an Advocate and prepare for CLAT which has only recently been introduced. And then he said something that stayed with me forever: A lawyer is not just a professional, he is the guardian of rights and the defender of the Constitution. Law is supreme; it bows before no one, and neither can a true lawyer ever be bowed or broken. To be a lawyer is to fight for justice, to stand for truth, and to give strength to those who cannot fight for themselves. If you truly wish to live a life of meaning and difference, become a good lawyer because a good lawyer can never be silenced, never be tamed.” 

    Those words struck me to the core. They gave me a vision of law as a higher calling, a life of service through justice. And from that day onwards, I knew this was the journey I was meant for. As a strong believer in karma, destiny, and God, I have also realized that one must remain calm, patient, and consistent. If your deeds are sincere and your conviction unwavering, everything else eventually falls into place. Life has its own rhythm, and faith in that process gives you the strength to persevere even through the toughest trials.

    Looking back now, every academic pursuit, every courtroom battle, every social initiative I have undertaken has been guided by that conviction. For me, the practice of law is not just about winning cases — it is about carrying forward a legacy of courage, compassion, and constitutional duty. That is the motto that continues to carry me forward.

    get in touch with Dr. Milap Narayan Chopra –

  • “International arbitration demands not just legal proficiency but also adaptability, cross-cultural awareness, and a strong grasp of commercial realities.” – Sarthak Gaur, Advocate-on-Record at Supreme Court of India.

    “International arbitration demands not just legal proficiency but also adaptability, cross-cultural awareness, and a strong grasp of commercial realities.” – Sarthak Gaur, Advocate-on-Record at Supreme Court of India.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    With your impressive and extensive legal background, what first ignited your passion for law? Was there a defining moment or experience that influenced your decision, or did your interest evolve gradually over time?

    As a first-generation lawyer, my journey into the legal field wasn’t a conventional one, nor was it influenced by early exposure or family tradition. In fact, until I was in 12th standard, I had never considered law as a career option. I was raised in an environment where engineering and medicine were viewed as the most respectable and secure professional paths. Surrounded by mainly engineers and scientists, I too felt the societal pressure to pursue these fields, especially during the early 2000s, when Computer Science and Information Technology were rapidly gaining traction and many of my seniors were securing promising opportunities both in India and abroad.

    Despite this prevailing narrative, I never truly felt drawn to either engineering or medicine. I found myself searching for something different, a discipline that would not only challenge me intellectually but also allow me to connect with the world in a more meaningful way. Around that time, I was also deeply interested in photography, which sparked my curiosity and creativity. However, during those years, building a stable career in photography seemed unconvincing and uncertain, particularly given the expectations around me. It was during my 12th grade in the year 2011-12 that I first came across the 5-year integrated law program. The more I explored it, the more I realised that ‘law’ resonated deeply with me.

    What attracted me most was the law’s interdisciplinary nature, its ability to intersect with almost every aspect of life, from economics and politics to human rights and technology. It struck me as a subject rooted in real-world issues, one that was dynamic, intellectually stimulating, and, most importantly, closely connected to society. This alignment felt natural to me, especially because I had grown up witnessing my parents’ active involvement in social work. Their dedication to community service instilled in me a sense of responsibility and an urge to make a meaningful contribution.

    Convincing my parents initially took some effort, given our family’s lack of familiarity with the legal profession. However, once they saw my determination and passion, they became my strongest supporters. Since then, they’ve been unwavering in their encouragement, always motivating me to excel and make a mark in this field.

    Looking back, choosing law was a turning point that defined not just my career, but my identity. What began as a curiosity evolved into a deep-seated passion, and I remain inspired by the impact this profession can have on individuals, communities, and the broader social fabric.

    Looking back at the early stages of your career, which experiences were pivotal in enhancing your understanding of the law? How did these formative moments shape the trajectory of your professional journey?

    Looking back at the early stages of my legal career, there were several defining experiences that significantly shaped my understanding of the law and laid a strong foundation for my professional journey.

    During my time in law school, I made a conscious decision to pursue a career in litigation. This clarity helped me seek out internships with litigation-focused law firms and seasoned advocates, where I was exposed to the practical aspects of the legal system early on. Beyond classroom learning, it was the experiences in moot courts, college seminars, and conferences that truly enriched my perspective. These platforms gave me the opportunity to engage with practising lawyers, judges, and professionals from diverse areas of law. I was also fortunate to have had the guidance and encouragement of some exceptional professors, whose mentorship played a crucial role in shaping my legal thinking. Their support and accessibility created a nurturing academic environment that motivated me to explore the subject deeply and confidently pursue a future in law.

    One of the most pivotal phases in my early career was my time at Parekh & Co., a reputed law firm in New Delhi. It was here that I transitioned from theory to practice. The firm provided me with hands-on exposure, and the mentorship I received from the partners and senior colleagues was instrumental in helping me build a strong legal foundation. I was entrusted with significant responsibilities early on, which greatly accelerated my learning curve.

    My professional development continued at Karanjawala & Co., where I had the chance to further expand my legal expertise across a wider range of matters. The firm offered a dynamic and fast-paced environment, where I was exposed to varied practice areas and a broad client base. It also allowed me to deepen my understanding of litigation strategy, court procedures, and the practice of law.

    Across both firms, I was fortunate to handle high-stakes and complex litigation, appear for prominent clients, brief some of the country’s top senior advocates, and even gain international exposure in specific legal domains. These experiences collectively played a pivotal role in shaping my professional outlook and strengthening my commitment to the field of litigation.

    Together, these formative years were essential in defining my career path. I had the benefit of working under exceptional mentors, gaining valuable practical insights, and being consistently challenged in ways that helped me grow as a legal professional. These opportunities not only nurtured my passion for law but also instilled in me a strong sense of purpose and resilience that continue to guide me today.

    Becoming an Advocate-on-Record is a significant accomplishment. How has this role influenced your practice, what responsibilities does it entail, and what opportunities have arisen as a result of this distinction?

    Becoming an Advocate-on-Record (AoR) in the Supreme Court of India is a significant professional milestone, and for me, it was a goal I had set early in my career. Having consistently worked with AoR firms (law firms officially registered with the Supreme Court owing to the presence of multiple AoRs), I was fortunate to be immersed in an environment that demanded high standards, deep procedural knowledge, and a commitment to excellence in litigation. This experience not only shaped my early understanding of Supreme Court practice but also inspired me to pursue the AoR qualification. Clearing the exam was both a deeply fulfilling personal accomplishment and a pivotal step forward professionally.

    The role of an AoR comes with exclusive responsibilities and privileges. Only Advocates-on-Record are authorised to file petitions, vakalatnamas, and other pleadings before the Supreme Court in their name. In addition to representing clients, AoRs are responsible for ensuring strict procedural compliance, coordinating legal strategy, briefing senior counsel, and serving as a vital link between the client and the apex court. To become an AoR, an advocate must undergo formal training and clear a rigorous examination, an intensive process that ensures only well-prepared professionals are entrusted with this role.

    For a first-generation lawyer, this distinction has been particularly empowering. It has enhanced my credibility, allowed me to represent more clients before the Supreme Court, and significantly expanded the scope of my practice. The AoR title is widely recognised as a mark of legal competence and reliability, which has naturally led to increased client trust and broader professional opportunities.

    At Vayam Legal, the law firm I co-founded, my qualification as an Advocate-on-Record has further strengthened our firm and added significant value to our litigation practice. It aligns with Vayam Legal’s commitment to delivering strategic, high-quality legal solutions across all forums, including the Supreme Court of India.

    Since attaining the AoR qualification, I’ve experienced a clear evolution in the nature of work I engage with, ranging from constitutional and commercial matters to public interest issues. It has reinforced my belief in the importance of long-term goals, continuous learning, and building a practice grounded in credibility and trust.

    In essence, becoming an Advocate-on-Record has not only strengthened my individual practice but also helped shape the vision and capabilities of Vayam Legal. It’s a responsibility I carry with pride and a milestone that continues to define my professional journey.

    Over the years, handling special leave petitions, civil, and criminal appeals before various courts and tribunals, which case stands out as both interesting and particularly challenging? How did you approach such a case, and what resources did you rely on?

    As I’ve mentioned earlier, I’ve had the privilege of working with some of the leading litigation firms in the country, which exposed me to a wide variety of matters across multiple forums, ranging from the Supreme Court and High Courts to tribunals and regulatory bodies. This diversity of experience has brought with it a number of cases that were both intellectually stimulating and professionally demanding.

    It’s difficult to single out just one case as the most interesting or challenging, as there have been several that tested my legal acumen in different ways. High-stakes commercial litigation, in particular, often stands out. These matters are inherently complex and highly contested, as both sides typically engage top-tier legal teams. The margin for error is minimal, and even the smallest legal point can tip the balance. Crafting a strong legal strategy, whether in advancing a claim or defending against one, requires not only deep legal research but also the ability to anticipate the opposing party’s arguments and prepare precise counterpoints. These cases challenge you to be at the top of your game, both in court and behind the scenes.

    On the other hand, I’ve also found cases relating to accessibility and inclusivity for persons with disabilities to be particularly meaningful. While these matters may not always involve procedural complexity, they are socially significant and present unique challenges in terms of real-world impact. With the introduction of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, there has been a legal framework in place to empower persons with disabilities, but actual implementation, especially in rural and under-resourced areas, remains limited. Working on such cases provides an opportunity to contribute to a larger social cause, even though the challenge often lies not in obtaining favourable court orders, but in ensuring their effective enforcement.

    In both types of matters, commercial or public interest, the approach remains rooted in meticulous preparation, strategic foresight, and collaboration. I rely heavily on thorough legal research, insights from recent judgments, and sometimes interdisciplinary perspectives, especially in socially sensitive cases. These experiences have deepened not only my legal skills but also my sense of responsibility as a practitioner who can influence both legal outcomes and broader societal change.

    You have dealt with a range of matters in the Indian automotive manufacturing sector. What, in your experience, have been the major legal challenges in cases involving electric vehicles?

    I have had the opportunity to handle several matters in the automotive manufacturing sector, including those involving electric vehicles (EVs). These cases have largely revolved around tender disputes, mediation, and arbitration, each presenting unique legal and strategic challenges.

    The Indian EV sector, being relatively new and rapidly evolving, brings with it a distinct set of legal complexities. One of the major challenges I’ve encountered involves the interpretation and application of tender conditions in public procurement, especially for electric buses and related infrastructure. As government-backed tenders are central to EV adoption, disputes often arise over eligibility criteria, technical specifications, and compliance, requiring a deep understanding of administrative law, procurement procedures, and the technology involved.

    Another recurring issue is the absence of stable regulatory standards. As the policy landscape continues to develop, frequent changes or ambiguities, particularly concerning battery safety, environmental clearances, and fiscal incentives, often create uncertainty. 

    With increased EV adoption, challenges are also emerging in areas such as product liability, safety compliance, and consumer protection. 

    Overall, dealing with matters in the EV space requires not only legal expertise but also a strong grasp of the sector’s fast-changing regulatory and technological landscape. It has been both a challenging and rewarding area of practice, offering insights into the intersection of law, policy, and innovation.

    In handling matters under the Copyright Act, 2012, particularly with respect to the use of music during marriage processions and social events, what key legal challenges have you encountered?

    In matters involving the use of music during marriage processions and social events under the Copyright Act, 1957 (as amended), one of the key legal challenges has been the interpretation of Section 52(1)(za), which exempts performances during bona fide religious and certain social functions from being considered infringement.

    The complexity often lies in determining whether the exemption applies when such events are hosted in commercial venues. The question typically arises as to whether the setting alters the personal or social character of the function, especially when claims are made that licensing fees are required despite the event being a private celebration like a wedding.

    These matters frequently involve navigating the tension between copyright enforcement and longstanding cultural practices. It becomes essential to analyse the legislative intent behind the exemption, relevant judicial precedents, and the extent to which such performances are truly commercial in nature.

    Another layer of difficulty is the practical enforcement and compliance landscape, where different interpretations can create uncertainty for event organisers and service providers. Addressing these challenges requires a nuanced understanding of copyright law, industry practices, and the social context in which such events occur.

    When representing clients in high-stakes international arbitrations, especially where foreign laws are applicable, how do you typically approach the complexities of cross-border legal frameworks?

    Approaching high-stakes international arbitrations, particularly those involving foreign laws and cross-border parties, requires a carefully structured and collaborative strategy. One of the key complexities lies in reconciling different legal systems, especially when the governing law of the contract differs from the procedural rules of the arbitration.

    These matters typically require close coordination with foreign legal experts to ensure accurate interpretation and application of the applicable substantive law. Working across jurisdictions also means navigating diverse legal traditions, commercial practices, and procedural expectations, which makes clarity in drafting, advocacy, and case presentation especially important.

    Effective communication with international stakeholders, whether clients, opposing counsel, or arbitral tribunals, is essential, as is an understanding of cultural nuances and business sensitivities. Strategic planning, well-supported evidence, and cohesive teamwork are all crucial to managing the complexity in disputes.

    Overall, international arbitration demands not just legal proficiency but also adaptability, cross-cultural awareness, and a strong grasp of commercial realities, especially when foreign laws and parties are involved.

    What advice would you offer to aspiring law students who wish to follow in your footsteps and build a successful career in law? What skills or qualities do you think are essential for success, especially in the evolving field of technology law?

    Law has become a highly respected career, and with the rise of top law schools, the standard of legal education has improved significantly. For aspiring law students, it’s crucial to build a strong foundation through both classroom learning and internships. Early exposure to practical work helps in understanding various legal fields and in making informed career choices, whether in litigation, judiciary, corporate law, or in-house roles.

    Clarity of direction, combined with patience, perseverance, and a positive attitude, is key to long-term success. The legal profession often demands time and resilience before tangible results appear, especially in litigation.

    As law continues to evolve alongside technology, students must stay adaptable and committed to continuous learning. Familiarity with areas like data protection, intellectual property, and tech regulation will be increasingly valuable. Above all, success in law comes from consistency, ethical practice, and a genuine passion for the profession.

    Balancing a successful career with a commitment to public service and education is no small feat. How do you maintain a healthy work-life balance, and what advice would you give to others who aim to follow a similar path while managing both professional and personal responsibilities?

    Law is undoubtedly one of the most demanding professions, both mentally and physically. The long hours, high-pressure environments, and the constant need for precision make it challenging to maintain a work-life balance, let alone dedicate time to public service or education. However, I firmly believe that striking this balance is not only possible but also essential for long-term growth and well-being.

    Constantly working without pause or personal reflection can lead to early burnout and diminished productivity. Incorporating activities outside of regular practice, such as contributing to legal education, engaging in pro bono work, or participating in public interest initiatives, provides a healthy shift in perspective. These engagements allow one to step out of a purely commercial mindset and reconnect with the broader role of law in society. They also remind us of the lawyer’s place as a trusted advisor, problem-solver, and social contributor.

    I also find that travelling and meeting people from different walks of life play an important role in maintaining balance and staying inspired. Travel gives me a chance to step back, recharge, and return to work with a fresh perspective. Interacting with people from diverse backgrounds broadens my understanding of society, exposes me to different viewpoints, and often shapes how I approach my work.

    Maintaining balance doesn’t mean taking grand measures; it’s often about small, conscious steps, setting clear boundaries, taking short breaks, or making time for personal interests. Even small efforts can help preserve clarity, resilience, and creativity in a demanding field.

    To those aspiring to build a meaningful and well-rounded legal career, I would say, stay dedicated to your professional goals, but always make space for causes and interests that keep you rooted and inspired. This balance not only prevents burnout but also enriches your journey as a lawyer in ways that pure professional success alone cannot.

    Get in touch with Sarthak Gaur –

  • “The principle that has guided me from the beginning is: Blend legal precision with business pragmatism.” – Saarth Dhingra, AGM-Legal at GMR Airports.

    “The principle that has guided me from the beginning is: Blend legal precision with business pragmatism.” – Saarth Dhingra, AGM-Legal at GMR Airports.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    Having spent over a decade in the legal industry, handling diverse areas such as contract management, litigation and arbitration, trademarks, and legal advisory, what drew you toward in-house roles instead of pursuing a traditional litigation career?

    Over the years, I found myself more inclined toward roles where legal expertise is closely integrated with business strategy. While litigation offers its own challenges, I was drawn to in-house positions because they allow for ongoing engagement with the business, where legal input can shape decisions early and support long-term objectives. What appealed to me most was the breadth of exposure from contracts and disputes to intellectual property along with the ability to work cross-functionally. I’ve always enjoyed being a trusted advisor, not just resolving issues but helping prevent them through practical, forward-looking counsel. In-house legal work gave me the platform to apply the law in a commercially meaningful way, contribute to enterprise-wide goals, and build deeper relationships across the organization. That level of involvement and impact is what truly motivates me.

    Could you share a bit about your law school journey? What inspired you to pursue a career in law, and how did your LL.M. in Corporate & Financial Law shape your legal perspective and contribute to your long-term growth?

    My journey through law school was both intellectually stimulating and personally grounding—it confirmed that law was the right path for me. I was drawn to the clarity and structure that legal thinking brings, especially in navigating complex business scenarios. Early on, I realized I wanted to work at the intersection of law and commerce, where legal insight directly influences strategic decisions.

    What led me to pursue an LL.M. in Corporate & Financial Law from O.P. Jindal Global University (OPJGU) was a desire to deepen my expertise in areas that shape how businesses operate—corporate governance, M&A, financial regulation and cross-border transactions. The program not only sharpened my technical knowledge but also gave me a broader, international outlook, which has been essential in working with diverse industries and stakeholders. This academic grounding has played a pivotal role in my in-house journey. It equipped me to approach legal challenges with a commercial mindset, engage confidently with leadership, and contribute to sustainable, compliant business growth. OPJGU was established as a philanthropic initiative of its Founding Chancellor, Mr. Naveen Jindal, and I am truly indebted to him for establishing a world class university in India which has shaped the future of thousands of students globally including helping me in becoming a successful in-house counsel and working for giants like JSPL, BPCL, ReNew and GMR.

    You began your career with an in-house role, a path not many young professionals take right away. What early experiences or challenges helped build your legal foundation and shape your approach to corporate practice?

    Starting my legal career in an in-house role gave me a unique head start as it allowed me to understand the commercial realities of legal work from day one. Rather than focusing solely on theory or litigation procedure, I was immediately immersed in how legal decisions impact daily business operations and long-term strategy. One of the earliest challenges I faced was learning to tailor legal advice in a way that was both accurate and actionable for non-legal stakeholders. It pushed me to think beyond just identifying issues. I had to propose workable solutions that aligned with the company’s goals and risk appetite. Those early responsibilities, whether it was reviewing contracts, supporting compliance efforts, or advising internal teams, taught me to be responsive, business-minded, and pragmatic. They laid the groundwork for the way I practice today with a clear focus on enabling the business while managing legal risk thoughtfully.

    Over the years, you’ve held in-house roles across various organizations. How has each experience contributed to your legal and leadership development, and in what ways do these roles continue to influence your current position?

    Every in-house role I’ve taken on has added a different layer to my legal and leadership journey. Working across varied sectors and organizations has helped me develop a broad perspective and a flexible approach to handling legal challenges. It’s taught me to quickly understand business priorities and align legal strategies accordingly. Along the way, I’ve learned to navigate cross-functional dynamics, manage stakeholder expectations, and lead initiatives that have both legal and commercial impact. These collective experiences continue to influence how I work today; whether it’s offering practical, business-oriented legal advice, leading teams, or mentoring junior colleagues. They’ve shaped me into a legal professional who’s not just reactive, but someone who adds value proactively across the business.

    At GMR, you manage end-to-end contracts for the entire non-aero business across India. What are some of the recurring challenges you face during contract negotiations in this sector, and how do you typically address them?

    Working in the non-aero space at GMR Airports, one of the recurring challenges during contract negotiations is managing the varied expectations of diverse stakeholders from retail and F&B partners to service providers while staying within a strict regulatory framework. Each agreement involves a careful balance between commercial viability, operational flexibility, and legal compliance. Negotiations often involve complex revenue-sharing models and long-term commitments, which require clarity around deliverables, risk allocation, and exit rights. It can also be challenging to tailor terms that satisfy business teams yet remain aligned with airport concession requirements and regulatory obligations. To navigate this, I intend to focus on building structured, practical agreements with well-defined roles and responsibilities. I work closely with the internal teams to ensure business goals are captured clearly, while also ensuring the contract holds up to legal and compliance standards.

    What are the key legal complexities you encounter during due diligence in airport-sector transactions, especially when working with international investors or structuring joint ventures?

    In my opinion, due diligence in the airport sector, particularly when dealing with global investors or joint ventures, is layered and complex due to the regulated nature of airport operations and the involvement of public authorities. The first area of scrutiny is usually the concession agreement where we assess whether rights can be transferred, what limitations exist, and whether any government approvals could delay or derail the transaction. Issues like land tenure, encumbrances, and use restrictions are also critical, especially since many airport projects are developed on leased government land or under public-private partnership models. These factors often carry legal and operational risks that must be identified early. When foreign investors are involved, we also have to navigate FDI regulations, security clearance requirements, and ensure the investment structure complies with both aviation sector guidelines and company law. In joint venture setups, we focus on clarity around governance, economic rights, dispute resolution, and exit options, which can get intricate in a sector with long concession cycles. To address all this, we ensure to carry out detailed legal risk mapping, engage with stakeholders to understand regulatory expectations, and build robust representations and warranties into the deal documents. This helps ensure transparency and long-term sustainability for all parties involved.

    What advice would you offer to young legal professionals aiming to build a career in corporate law or enter in-house roles early on? Are there particular skills or experiences you believe they should focus on?

    For those starting out in corporate law or looking to join an in-house team early in their careers, I’d recommend focusing on building a well-rounded foundation not just in legal knowledge, but also in understanding how businesses function. Getting comfortable with contracts, compliance, and risk assessment early on will give you a strong advantage. It’s equally important to develop clear and concise communication skills, because in-house lawyers often act as bridges between legal and non-legal teams. I’d also advise young professionals to prioritize adaptability and commercial thinking and the ability to align legal advice with business goals is key in any corporate role. Real-world exposure, even through internships or secondments, can be more valuable than purely academic achievements. Lastly, find mentors, ask questions, and stay engaged with both legal and business trends. The more proactive and curious you are, the faster you’ll grow into a trusted advisor.

    What guiding principle has stayed with you throughout your career, and how does it shape your professional outlook today? What is your vision for the future, both personally and for the legal profession?

    The principle that has guided me from the beginning is: “Blend legal precision with business pragmatism.” This approach has helped me stay grounded in legal integrity while ensuring my advice adds real value to the business. It’s about being a protector of the organization’s interests, but also a facilitator of its goals. Even today, I focus on being solution-oriented and commercially aligned, especially in high-stakes or cross-functional matters. I believe that legal professionals should be trusted not just for their knowledge, but for their ability to guide outcomes and build confidence. In the future, I see myself stepping further into leadership and mentorship roles, using my experience to support both the organization and younger legal talent. As for the profession, I envision a shift toward more agile, tech-savvy legal teams, i.e. the ones that integrate deeply with business strategy and act as co-creators of value, not just risk managers.

    Get in touch with Saarth Dhingra –

  • Choosing Law, Living Justice: A Woman’s Stand for Change in Indian Courts – Niyati Sharma, Founder of NS Solicitors.

    Choosing Law, Living Justice: A Woman’s Stand for Change in Indian Courts – Niyati Sharma, Founder of NS Solicitors.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    Let’s understand why and how you chose to pursue a career in law while you had already completed your Bachelor’s in English from Delhi University?

    It’s a very interesting question though. I never thought of becoming a lawyer, but I had this idea in my mind that I wanted to do something which has a larger public interest.
    It was my father who wanted me to become a lawyer. I was a UPSC aspirant and I used to say, this time I’m sure that I’ll clear UPSC. And he used to say that you will become a very good lawyer.
    So it was his inspiration and the journey when I entered into law. And when I did my first internship, it was at the Delhi Commission for Women.
    I had goosebumps when I went there for the first time. And for the first week, I could not sleep. I used to say to my mom that I never thought that women are in such a bad condition. What I was seeing was a nine-month pregnant lady saying that her husband pushed her back, threw her out of the house, and beat her so much that she ran away. Another female was raped by ten men. She had married one, and he just captured her in her home, and she was being raped daily by ten people.
    She said that she had just run out of that place. So that sort of complaint was coming from very basic people who never knew what law was, who never knew what resort they had or where they could go and complain. And when I saw that this power a lawyer has, this knowledge a lawyer has, any female lawyer or a male lawyer can deliver this justice or help in taking that path, this internship changed my outlook. And this was the reason that I decided I will not go for judiciary, I will not go for UPSC, but I will go for litigation.

    During the very early stages of your legal career, what kind of experiences do you see have shaped your thoughts in relation to the kind of practice that you want to take forward because you are doing something very unusual? Why? Because your points towards bringing in that social justice in society are very different. And I really would request you to bring in those aspects which were so inspiring for me. And I really don’t want to push anything, but I just want to understand how you came to that thought process because it’s not easy for anyone to just give up something so big and plan something to do for society that easily.

    So basically, I had a plain paper when I entered into litigation. No one from my family, no one from my in-laws, no background from lawyers or litigants to the nearest or the far more relatives I could see. I had never experienced or listened to any lawyer or their experience. I just did law and I came as a practitioner.
    But as soon as I came, I realized that this is the only field which is gender neutral. Gender neutral in the sense that the hard work a male has to do, the same a female has to do.
    You have to earn your client on your own. You have to work on your own. Suppose I say today that I want to practice in the field of IPR or I want to practice in the corporate field, but I want to be in litigation. That means I should have my own clients. But then I’m getting divorce cases, I’m getting property disputes, depending on the social exposure that I have or the client base or the people who know me as now becoming a lawyer. So the first and foremost thing I realized after becoming a lawyer is that you cannot choose your profession, the profession chooses you.
    That means the field you can’t choose, the field will choose you. Otherwise, in a job in various law firms, you can apply for a job in which you are interested. But becoming a proper advocate, practicing independently as a litigant, you have to wait for your clients. Then, when I say it is a gender neutral process, a client comes to you, a client doesn’t bother if you are not feeling well, you are married, you have shifted to a new place, you have kids, you don’t have kids, you’re pregnant, you’re not pregnant. Doesn’t matter.
    For them, they need the delivery of their work. Doesn’t matter whether you’ve eaten or not. And the same things apply to a male. They don’t bother if there’s some mishap in the family, if they’re struggling with something, or if they don’t have people to come. Whatever the problem a male faces, the same problem and even more a female has to face. So I understood that I can’t cry like a crybaby. I have to make sure that I have my own setup.
    I have my own work culture. I have to set my own standards, and I have to start working the way every second person in this profession is working. Every colleague is working with the same passion that I am working with. What difference do I have to offer to my clients? I should trust them.
    I should be loyal to their work. I should be readily available to them. These are very important points. It’s very unfortunate that I’m saying this, but clients come to me with this problem that their lawyer is not picking up the call. It is very shocking because taking a case means taking the whole life of an individual. So this moral social obligation that we as lawyers have, ethics also, we know what our ethics say. But fortunately or unfortunately, whatever the circumstances are, I can’t comment on that.
    But these are three to four very essential things as a lawyer irrespective of whether you are a male or a female, you have to face.
    But when I went to the court, I saw that actually the condition, the infrastructure is very poor.
    I strived in the chamber for almost four or five years. I worked from the chamber, and what I realized was that there were no basic amenities, no washroom facilities. If a female is pregnant, then she might have some medical condition if she’s using those washrooms on a daily basis. And when it comes to hygiene, it was very bad. And with respect to females, there’s another factor of hygiene. It was very bad. And with respect to females there’s another factor of regular day-to-day monthly hygiene and basic facilities and amenities, but all of them were lacking.
    I realized that one of my colleagues, she started practicing with me. She got married, she was blessed with a baby girl, and then she was nowhere to be seen in the court. I asked her, why aren’t you coming?
    So she said that my baby is too small, and coming to court means you have to start by 9 in the morning, and you don’t know whether you will be reaching back by 8 or 9 or 10. The time is not limited. And I can’t leave work. There is no facility in the court where I could come with the baby and use a creche facility, leave her, do my work, and go back. And this is not about the Honorable Supreme Court or Honorable Delhi High Court. The basic infrastructure at the district court level, where most of the females are working and being independent lawyers, they get cases, independent cases, that means they have their own client base. So they have to first start with district court only. Nobody will give you a direct SLP of the Supreme Court.
    So they have to struggle for that. And with the gap of the maternity time period, their family also says that you can’t take the child, what are you earning? It doesn’t make sense because those first five years are pretty hard for every lawyer, either male or female. And when we see that there are females of 20 to 25 years, 30 years of age groups from 20 to 30 years, and then you see females from roughly around 40 and above because in those 10 years, most of the females are engaged in their household activities.
    So for that, I observed that in order to sustain in this field, every female has to find a way out. First, it’s better to establish yourself, and it’s very important that as a female you have a better family who understands you, after marriage and before marriage, who understands your work, respects it, and helps cater to those four to five years of growing up and understands your development and growth.
    So the challenges of being a female lawyer are very interesting, and it’s very deep. And I enjoy those challenges. And then I see myself that I have actually come out of it, so I feel that it’s worth living.

    My next question would be, how do you see all these kind of challenging impacts help you either get better perspective towards law or help you get clients or help you do the networking, because all of these things at the end of the day end up either having a better network which will bring in a long term of change or have better clients who may or may not bring in that particular change.

    So how do you see your practice moving towards a specific area of such sorts which actually points out such important things that are not there. That is basic infrastructure, just to practice. So how do you see yourself in times to come?

    See, what future to predict I don’t know, but what I can say is it has made me a better human being in that perspective because being a lawyer, being from a well off family, or a family who promotes females to get educated and also in my next family where I am married. They also promote females to be educated, to go out and to have work.

    She’s struggling that there are no washrooms in the capital of Delhi in the main courts where almost five to ten lakh people are coming on a daily basis. And again, I’m not talking about Honorable Delhi Court and Honorable Supreme Court. They have very good facilities.

    But when we come to district court, I can’t say what Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana district courts are to offer to the lawyers. But when I see that there’s no creche facility, no washroom facility.

    I can feel that a female who’s not empowered, who’s not having that support from the family, who is not educated, now they have to face daily life problems.

    Their husband might die and they might end up in domestic violence disputes with their in-laws.

    Or they have husbands who are not supportive. Or the family, they got married and she has to run off and she might be facing some other issues from the family or a girl who has taken a step out and she got married but it doesn’t work the way she had thought. And now she wants to explore legal remedies.

    So, since India has so much population, and the population has so much thought process and every individual is different, I feel that this experience which I had in my past five, six years, it not only evolved me as a person but also gave me a thought process that how much a female or a male or a person on daily basis is struggling every day going out and earning for the family and then facing legal issues, what all they have to experience. So when I look down on myself for the next five to ten years, I see that I have to make sure that those people who are actually loyal to their work, who are actually loyal to the system, who actually look at justice as God. They get what law has provided in its books, and it should not be just a book, it should be a delivery system. And we being the representative, we should deliver it to those people.

    So, my journey as a whole has started from district court and then High Court and then Supreme Court. If I had gotten a golden plate, I would have started from Supreme and I could have not seen what cross examination is. I could have never seen what evidence is, what are the documents that need to be added in the file, what all evidence I need, and what is the written statement that I have to file.

    Or what are the basic ingredients that plaint should have. This is what I have learned from my clients. They have told me that, you know, this document needs to be added because it has this relevance. But when I look into SLPs what I see is down paper trail. Oh, in district court, this paper was not there. Now our case is weak.

    So a well learned, educated lawyer should come to district court, they should practice there, and then they should proceed to Honorable High Court, to Honorable Supreme Court, and this should be the step. But nowadays, the generation is that as soon as they do law, they feel that we are lawyers of suits and we just have to jump into some lavish kind of practice. We will get some fame. I don’t know what they think of it.

    Actually, they should come to district court and they should understand what a life of a lawyer and clients are.

    How does the court function? Very interestingly, I would say, I was in the Rouse Avenue Court. We had one argument in the CBI matter and one of the senior advocates from Maharashtra was there, and I was addressing readers of some work and I said I’ll ask Alhmad. So the senior advocate said, who’s Alhmad? So I said that there is this person who looks into the court’s day to day activity. So he said, but in Maharashtra we don’t call him Alhmad. So how does the court practices vary from state to state?

    Even I would not know. I go to a new place, what a reader is called, and when we go to Ghaziabad court, a reader is called Babu.

    But being an independent practitioner, I should be aware of all these practices. Even if my clerk would come to me and say that, you know, this much is the cost, I should know that I have gone through all these things. I know how much it may cost. So a lawyer should be the clerk first, then should be an intern, and then should be a litigant.

    And this is what I have learned through my journey till now.

    Let’s move on and understand certain challenges that you may have encountered while you were dealing with sexual harassment complaints or administrative inquiries during your representation of plans or universities per se, especially University of Delhi.

    How have you strategized that and how have you overcome those kinds of challenges?

    So I’m not specifically talking about any university per se, but we have to understand the importance of the POSH act. Unfortunately, most of the people are not understanding what POSH act is about and why the POSH act was born.

    So in that case, what happens is females are using it, first of all, and also misusing it. So in every sort of institution, administration, these are first and foremost important things that we make sure to understand the genuineness of the case. Secondly, the males are offensive in that case, what they say is, we’re also harassed, this is what I face in most of the training sessions. What the male’s outlook is with respect to the POSH act. We are also being harassed. There are fake female complaints. There are administrative issues with respect to promotions and with respect to work culture, with respect to the hours that they have to work and they do not feel like working.

    They file a complaint under ICC, so even males are not understanding where that line is being crossed and it becomes a case of POSH act.

    Third and the foremost thing is the ICC committee itself, they’re not even aware what is procedure first of all, they feel they are not even comfortable with the environment that, if a complaint has come how it should be dealt with. Either they panic. What I have observed in most of the corporate companies, what they do is without getting into investigation, they suspend the accused or the respondent. And this is a very dangerous situation. Just in order to prevent your name, your company’s name, you suspended a person without getting to know what has actually happened, without even investigating.

    So what’s important is the awareness. Training of POSH is a very fundamental and important aspect that is ignored by most of the institutions until and unless there are complaints which have come. Then they will recommend their final finding that POSH sessions are recommended.

    But it is not similar to any gender committee. It’s not similar to any disciplinary committee. It has its legal liability. It has its legal obligation that has to be complied and the birth of the POSH is because of Bhavari Devi case and Nirbhaya rape case.

    That is to be understood. It cannot be compared with a male harassment or disciplinary committee harassment. It’s very different perspective and it evolves around that definition of sexual harassment only and those points only determine the complaint. So these are the challenges which I have faced while dealing specifically with the POSH act and the complaints before ICC most of the time.

    I would now like to ask you about establishing your law firm at such an early stage. You have made NS Solicitors and after working for such a short span of time, you have built a name for yourself. What do you see or what plans do you have as a mission and vision for your firm, along with the kind of causes that you are fighting for, or you are bringing in those topics, which are absolutely required.

    So how do you plan to take forward your law firm, along with the passion that you have for social causes?

    One thing which I feel as a lawyer is that a law firm is mandatory for me.

    All the juniors, all the associates associated with me, I feel that they should be independent and their independence is not in association with me. Whenever associates or an intern come to me, first and foremost I say you are not here as a permanent member.

    You have created your own practice. How can I help you? You have to take my help. You have to go out in public. You have to create your own face. This is how I started. This is how my seniors helped me, and this is how I should help you. This is my obligation that you are being associated with me.

    And I should make sure that you have your own life ahead. So the concept of a law firm for me is that all the associates with me, I am associate and they are also associates. I never call myself a founder. I never call myself head of the team. If I am working on a case, I make sure one associate with me is working so both are equal at the stage. I never named my law firm as Niyati Sharma and Associates because not all of us are associated with my name. If they as a lawyer are dealing with their client, they have my office, they have their law firm name, and they can have their card made, they can use their file which has NS Solicitors, and they have their own name on their card.

    They’ve got their name on their file. They feel independent, they don’t need infrastructure, they don’t need money for that. So, the idea of a law firm is only for that. Another reason for the law firm is that I have different sects of corporate, civil, criminal, and we all have the head of all the sects and specifically with the IPR. So, I had one of my associates who started his practice from a very early stage. But he was not sure where he had to go and how he could explore cases, how he could get more cases.

    So for him specifically, we highlighted a few aspects that were he’s coming from, where his family belongs to, what sort of work he’s into. So what we used to do is, I used to give them Saturday off and they have Sunday off. So on Saturday, they had to go to their gatherings.

    They had to meet people and then distribute their cards and tell them that I have my office at this place and if you have any issues with respect to your work, you can let me know. It took him six months. And those regular practices like going on weekends, going to some meetings, some family gatherings, social gatherings.

    What I have seen usually is nine to eight associates working, no Saturday or only Sunday off, and it’s a packed job. But whenever my associates touch wood as of now, if they ask for a leave, I make sure they have to inform me beforehand. So, we designed their work in such a manner that it took him six months and one year or so, and gradually his first case came.

    And, whenever a first case comes, we make sure we have a cake cutting ceremony or we distribute sweets for our associates. And then randomly another case came, and then another case came. Now that the associate has his own office in Delhi, but he is again associated with us till now.

    So, this is how I feel. I do not want to restrict any newcomer. They have their own life. They have their own family. They have their own perspective of looking into society and why should that perspective be limited to my office only.

    So I’ll have 10 offices, then it would not be only my single office. So, this is the way I function my law firm, and today I’m proud to say that I have associates and juniors from all over India. From Kolkata, from Nagaland, from Haryana, from Delhi. Those who can obviously travel to Delhi and want to work.

    I am open to every sort of work culture just because of the reason that everyone should get equal opportunity and they should get that scope of practicing in Delhi. And they should not be held back that I don’t have anyone, I do not have anyone in Delhi, where should I go. So this is how I want my law firm to be. Today also, when I see interns, I make sure that not specifically Delhi, I have students from different, different parts of states. If they’re applying to me through email, I very proudly welcome that. Just because of the reason that they’re doing so much hard work that they’re finding out the advocates online, and then they’re applying. They’re not coming through their father’s call or through their uncle’s call or through someone. So this is how an experienced advocate who has seen all the journeys should treat youngsters.

    Such a positive and noble gesture that you are imparting on so many people. It is already bringing in a lot of change and I feel like it’ll be bringing in a lot more change if everyone whosoever is associated with you, expands their services and their purpose. It’ll be very influential for social causes as well as the practice itself.

    So, do you think in doing all of this, has social media contributed in any way, bringing in these kinds of changes, bringing in your awareness aspect in front of the society? And how has that helped you establish even more authority and authenticity in your practice?

    Let me say that social media and online practices have evolved a lot. When I started there was no social media. Post Covid, there was actually the beginning of online virtual hearing. And I do remember that when I was in the early phase of my pregnancy, I had an abortion though. During that time, I was running to court and I was sweating and I was out of breath.

    And I felt that I might have to end my practice here because I can’t come for another few months in such a conducive environment where I have to run and reach the court. I have to park my car and have to run, move fast and my items are about to reach, this is how lawyers are working, you know, very fast, super fast, but then gradually after 2021, by the end of 2021. There was a transformation to virtual hearing.

    And this empowered mostly females who are having maternity issues, who are having health issues, who are having their young ones, and they cannot travel that often that a male advocate can. Obviously, they can go to their office for a few hours and then come back home but they have virtual hearing. If the child is not feeling well, if their husband is not feeling well, if someone in the family is not feeling well, they can take that time, which is involved in traveling and through virtual hearing, they can do that. So the litigation has empowered females a lot via virtual hearing.

    Specifically, those females who are around the age of 25 to 40, they can establish their litigation. They can have their family. They can have their clients. Even a female in one room setup at their home can establish her litigation with a virtual hearing setup. She need not go to the chamber, she need not go to office, she need not join another person’s office just because she does not have her own setup.

    So, the virtual hearing has increased the participation of women. So. I have this data which says that only 15% of the females used to practice when there was no virtual hearing, but after virtual hearing, the participation of females has increased a lot. Now, a female doesn’t take a break of even six months. So virtual hearing has evolved so much that it has empowered the females.

    When it comes to social media, we see that there are so many reels that advocates are making these days, so when I say that while I was starting my practice, I had one case in a month. And another 29 days, I had nothing to do. I used to call people or talk with my friends, or I used to think of it. Now I don’t have time. But when I see those youngsters who have just done their law or are into practice, they started developing their social media to that level. Now they have thousands, lakhs of followers.

    And gradually they’ll get work from that space. So, now the client base is not just limited to your near and dear ones. The client base has now changed to social media also.

    You get a lot of work from social media and this has empowered those who might not have a circle where they might get a case, but they have that idea where they can deal with artificial intelligence, they can deal with space law, they can deal with environmental law, they can deal with sports law, which is not a common practice when it comes to civil or the criminal sort of work.

    So, social media, I guess this is the way it has impacted.

    So while you were talking about all these burning issues, I would say, they bring in a lot of food for thought, especially for young lawyers who are starting not only their career, but their lives as well. What is your take on maternity leaves or rather parental leave or paternity leave? How do you see that will bring in more workforce back if one gets ample amount of leave after having a baby?

    So this issue was raised by one of the advocates, before the Honorable High Court of Delhi. And it was observed thereby that advocate is a professional-based service and therefore there is no need for maternity leaves. But I would like to add to that, that it’s not just the professional-based services, rather for a female who’s an independent advocate, who is appearing before the court and having a good amount of attendance. The bar should take that criteria in that if you are having supposedly 20 appearances in a year and you have to take maternity leave. So the bar should give a stipend of let’s say 5 thousand, 10 thousand, so that she can take care of herself and her baby during those six months when she’s off from her work. Even the family won’t say that you are not getting anything, being a lawyer.

    If you would’ve got a government job, it would’ve been a better position, what are you getting from being a lawyer? So in that case, a small support from the bar will help the females to get out of the six months phase, and then gradually she can start the practice. But when as a female we see that we do not have any support, even if taking leaves, then the gap from going out of career and the line of going out of career starts.

    So I think maternity for females is an important aspect, which I think the bar should take that decision just like they had helped in COVID providing stipend to those young advocates who were not doing that good and required some basic stipend. Similarly, those females who are not from that well-off family or they need support to establish their career, they can have this six months stipend. A specific amount should be decided and they should have an attendance prior to practicing or they should have an attendance continuously so that they are eligible for the maternity leaves or the parental leave, let’s say.

    You mentioned the bar’s role during COVID, how do you see bar associations, both state and national, contributing to the lives of lawyers in India, especially in promoting gender equality? Given the lack of basic amenities like toilets and maternity support, what role should the bar play, and how does this compare to international bar practices?

    So I think now the bar has also become a very strong, opinionated platform where the lawyers and the youngsters are getting into.

    Let me tell you, with respect to the Delhi High Court elections, this time there were more recorded voters than ever before. So the participation of advocates is increasing. Similarly, the youngsters are coming into the bar elections. So now the perspective of the bar has changed a lot and the bar has a very important role to play with respect to the basic amenities, the facilities, the outlook, the perspective of lawyers, and what are the challenges the lawyers are facing. It is the bar that takes it up. So, when it comes to the international community how they make sure that the facilities are there,

    The perspectives are there. I must tell you, it is the first time that female reservation in the bar came up this time. So the role of the bar has evolved because there were no females, so there were no requirements, there was no urge. So we are at a revolutionary stage with respect to the bar also.

    The representation of females has increased. The candidates you may see there are so many females now coming up. In campaigning, there are so many females involved. So now the bar has an important role to play with respect to the basic amenities, the facilities. And now the bar is coming online through social media and telling that these are all the things we have done in the court.

    So very interestingly, I’ve seen the president of Delhi High Court or the elected bars of Saket Court, let’s say Dwarka Court. Now they are coming up with what they have done.

    Just on the first day of their bar being elected, they come and say that these are the things that we have done. They’re now accountable to lawyers through the social platform also. So that is the reason I’m saying that only the bar can take this issue ahead with respect to maternity and paternity leaves.

    Since we have already discussed all these things, all the advice that you have given, we would request you to impart some more wisdom and give some golden nuggets for the aspiring law students who want to build such a kind of social impactful legal career as you are making.

    Particularly in the kind of fields that you are interested in that is gender justice, legal policy, public interest litigation, and other social causes which will bring in long-term change.

    I would like to say to my young fellows who are now entering into the field or will enter into the field very soon.

    I have always seen a few female advocates and a few female judges who had all the things in their life, all the comforts, all the facilities, but they dedicated their life to social work. I might point out a few judges whom I really admire Justice Swarna Kanta Sharma, she has published so many books.

    She actually works for the justice of the females. She has worked from Delhi courts to Delhi High Court, and she’s now continuously working for the females. Justice Bela Trivedi, she has worked so much for the cause of females. So I would like to say that first, you have to empower yourself. If you feel that you want to contribute to society,

    The first and foremost thing is to make sure that you have your hold on your profession, and through your profession, you have to deliver into society. And this is how all the successful males and females in this field are working. And secondly, you have to target your career and divide it in three-year spans. First three years, you should have a target, next three years, you should have a target. First three years, you should have a target that people should know you. After people should know you, after three years, those people should get back to you. You have to make sure that if there is an advocate, your name should come to their mind.

    And then comes the golden phase next three years and you will not know how, after 10 years, you are into those top 10 lawyers. But you have to make sure as a litigant, it’s not a piece of cake that you are entering with lavish gowns, flowing and photographs. This is a very beautiful way to display your profession, but your objective should be clear, your target should be clear that first three days all my people should know that I’m an advocate. You should not expect anything else more than that. And once you’re an advocate and people are coming back to you, then you’re a lawyer. You have established yourself in your field. So this is my message to all the young generation. See what all successful people have done, learn from their mistakes, and then decide how you will be taking your five years ahead.

    And one thing more as an advocate, when I started, people used to say it’ll take you five years to establish. I used to say they’re very slow people. They don’t know how to establish themselves. But when I came into this field, I understood why they used to say five years. It is not that you won’t get work till five years. You will get work.

    The pace of the work will be very slow. You’ll have to go through a lot of patience and then things will fall into place.

    Get in touch with Niyati Sharma –

  • “The cornerstone of this profession is passion. Be genuinely passionate about the law and the pursuit of justice.” – Chaitanya S.G., Partner at Chaitanya & Nithyananda Advocates.

    “The cornerstone of this profession is passion. Be genuinely passionate about the law and the pursuit of justice.” – Chaitanya S.G., Partner at Chaitanya & Nithyananda Advocates.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    The field of law is intellectually rewarding yet comes with its unique set of challenges. What initially inspired you to pursue a career in law, and what continues to motivate you on this journey?

    My journey into the field of law began right after my 12th grade when I chose to pursue my LL.B (5-year course) at KLE Society’s Law College. Initially, I aspired to join the Indian Armed Forces, driven by a deep-seated desire to lead and serve. However, my struggle with mathematics and science meant that clearing the NDA exams was not in my destiny. I vividly remember sitting in solitude, reflecting on my strengths and weaknesses. It was during those moments of introspection that I realized my passion for reading and writing—two things that had always been close to my heart. This realization sparked the decision to pursue law. Although I did briefly consider journalism, my inclination towards the structured reasoning and the sense of justice that law offered steered me in this direction.

    Coming from a family with no legal background, convincing my parents to support my decision was no small feat. Yet, the very moment I stepped into the law classroom, I knew I had found my calling. I was immediately drawn to the subjects and spent countless hours in the law library, which felt like a sanctuary of knowledge. From day one, I was resolute that my journey as a lawyer would be guided not merely by the ambition to win cases, but by the deeper purpose of resolving disputes and restoring harmony.

    Participating in moot courts and debate competitions further solidified my passion, providing me with an inexplicable high. Two books that profoundly influenced my perspective were My Experiments with Truth by Mahatma Gandhi and Roses in December by M.C. Chagla. Their writings inspired me to see the law not just as a profession, but as a powerful instrument for social change.

    Now, sixteen years since I first walked out of the gates of law college and into the courtroom, that initial excitement remains undiminished. The thrill of crafting arguments, the challenge of persuading a judge to consider a perspective against the odds, and above all, the joy of representing the underprivileged and witnessing the smile of relief when justice is served—these are the moments that keep me going and motivated. For me, the law is not just a career; it is a calling, a journey to bring justice and dignity to those who seek it.

    In the early stages of your career, you had the opportunity to intern and work with several prominent organisations and senior advocates. Could you share some of the most enriching experiences from that period? Are there any insights or principles you learned then that continue to guide your practice today?

    In the initial years of my legal education, the concept of internships was virtually non-existent—at least in my college. Our curriculum did not mandate internships, and the very idea of interning was something I stumbled upon almost by chance. I remember the first time I heard about internships; I was genuinely thrilled at the prospect of working on real-world cases and putting my theoretical knowledge to the test.

    Interestingly, I did not follow the conventional path of interning under senior advocates or established law firms. My first real exposure to corporate law came through the encouragement of a very close friend, Karthik Kannappan, who was my senior in college and had secured a position as a legal associate in an MNC. He not only persuaded me to explore corporate law but also recommended me for an internship. This was quite a breakthrough, considering that major corporations and MNCs traditionally reserved internship slots for students from National Law Schools. For me, getting that opportunity felt monumental.

    Another significant internship experience was with an LPO, where I worked on preparing chains of title for Hollywood movies. It was an eye-opening experience that introduced me to non-litigation work and gave me a glimpse into American laws—a perspective that would later shape my appreciation for international legal frameworks.

    I vividly recall my conversation with Sanjay Bhatia, my Head of Department at the LPO, during my final days of internship. When I requested him for a few words of wisdom, he humorously remarked, “Hard work is the stepping stone for more hard work.” Though said in jest, that statement resonated with me and has been proven true time and again throughout my career.

    If I have learnt any insights or principles that continue to guide my practice today it is that, if I am sincere in my heart and put in the hours of hard work without the immediate expectations of money or fame, the profession becomes not just rewarding but truly beautiful. The early years of toil and perseverance lay the foundation for a career that is both intellectually and spiritually fulfilling.

    Having begun your career in the corporate sector, what inspired your transition into litigation and eventually led you to establish your own firm? What were some of the initial challenges you encountered, and how did you overcome them?

    Three months before my final semester exams in law school, I secured a position with a startup LPO. With the blessing of my beloved Principal, I began working even before completing my degree. By the time my results were announced, I had already been promoted to Team Lead, managing a team of ten lawyers. Our primary task was contract drafting as part of a pilot project for a UK-based client who was building automation software for legal documentation. It was a thrilling start—high-pressure deadlines, intricate contract terms, and a steep learning curve. Yet, within a few months, the work grew monotonous.

    Back in law college, I had harboured a dream of standing tall and presenting my arguments in Court Hall 1 of the Supreme Court of India. That vision seemed to fade with each passing day in the corporate environment. One fine day, with sheer conviction and a heart full of ambition, I put in my papers, bidding farewell to the corporate world once and for all. I took the leap to establish my own law practice—an audacious decision that stemmed from my unwavering confidence in my drafting and argumentative skills.

    The initial days, however, were not without challenges. The most daunting of all was understanding procedural law. Despite relentless reading, the layers of procedural intricacies remained elusive. It felt as though I had to reinvent the wheel, learning the ropes one step at a time. For the first three years of my independent practice, I focused exclusively on criminal cases. Over time, I began to appreciate the nuances of the Criminal Procedure Code, witnessing firsthand how the principles I had studied unfolded in real-world scenarios. I saw the wheels of justice in motion and felt a profound sense of purpose.

    I must express my deep gratitude to the entire fraternity of the Advocates Association, Bengaluru. Whenever I sought guidance, there was always a senior colleague willing to help—selflessly and without expectation of remuneration. This collective spirit of learning and mentorship was instrumental in my growth.

    There came a point when I felt I was being stereotyped as a “criminal lawyer.” Although I cherished the title, I was eager to explore the civil side of practice with the same intensity and passion. It was then that I met my mentor and guru, Sri. K.V. Narasimhan. He took me under his wing, polished my skills, and guided me through the labyrinth of civil litigation. I consider myself a disciple to him, and even today, I seek his guidance with the same reverence. His mentorship is a debt of gratitude I shall carry for a lifetime.

    The transition from corporate law to litigation, and the subsequent establishment of my own firm, was driven by an unyielding belief in my abilities and the support of the legal fraternity. Those formative experiences not only shaped my career but also solidified my commitment to the ideals of justice and advocacy.

    You have appeared and argued in a diverse range of matters, including writ petitions, civil and criminal disputes, and public interest litigations across various judicial forums. Could you tell us about a particularly complex or memorable case you handled, and how you approached its legal or procedural intricacies?

    Over the course of my career, I have had the privilege of handling numerous cases spanning writ petitions, civil and criminal disputes, and public interest litigations. While each case carries its own significance, there is one case that stands out as particularly complex and memorable—not just for its legal intricacies, but for its far-reaching implications on the privacy and constitutional rights of over 140 crore Indians.

    In 2019, I was approached by Col. Mathew Thomas, a retired Indian Army Officer, who sought my legal opinion on a certified copy of a contract entered into between the President of India, represented by the Director of Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), and certain private companies headquartered in the United States. As a trial advocate primarily focused on courtroom practice, my initial impression was that this was just another contract review. However, as I delved deeper into the document, I was astounded to discover the magnitude of its implications.

    The agreement, dated back to 2010, was executed on a mere ₹500 stamp paper, which seemed oddly insignificant considering the enormity of what it entailed. The contract granted these American private companies—some of the largest defence contractors to the U.S. Government and various international agencies involved in global surveillance, spying, and espionage—unfettered rights to USE, STORE, COLLECT, PROCESS, AND TRANSFER the biometric and demographic data of Indian citizens collected during Aadhaar enrolments. This wasn’t just routine information; it involved highly sensitive data, including fingerprints, iris scans, and personal demographic details of millions of Indians.

    As I pored through the clauses, it became alarmingly clear that these defense-linked corporations were given sweeping access and control over critical personal data of all Indians without adequate safeguards or oversight. Effectively, the contract enabled foreign entities deeply tied to global surveillance networks to potentially exploit or misuse this information, posing severe risks to India’s data sovereignty and the privacy rights of its citizens.

    Realizing the gravity of the matter, I promptly filed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) before the Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka and appeared as a counsel on behalf of Col. Mathew Thomas, challenging the legality and constitutional validity of the agreement. Given the critical nature of the issue, the High Court, in its wisdom, granted us the liberty to move the matter before the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India.

    Although this was not my first appearance before the Hon’ble Chief Justice of India as I had the privilege of appearing in earlier matters as well, this case carried a different weight, a deeper resonance, because it wasn’t just about a dispute—it was about safeguarding the very essence of privacy and national integrity.

    The Hon’ble Supreme Court, after considering the submissions, remanded the matter back to the High Court of Karnataka for further consideration, and the matter is now pending adjudication. The experience reinforced my belief in the power of law as a protector of civil liberties and as a beacon of justice for the common man. For me, this case is a reminder that the true essence of legal practice transcends mere arguments; it is about upholding the sanctity of individual rights and the sovereignty of our nation.

    This case remains etched in my memory not just for its scale and complexity, but for the realization that as advocates, we hold the profound responsibility to safeguard the rights and freedoms of society at large, often against formidable odds.

    With extensive experience across multiple domains such as Negotiable Instruments, Consumer Protection, Insurance, and Revenue matters, how do you adapt your legal strategy when appearing before quasi-judicial authorities as compared to regular courts, where do procedural nuances differ?

    The essence of legal strategy, whether before quasi-judicial authorities or regular courts, is rooted in a fundamental principle: learning never ends. This is precisely why the legal profession is called a “practice.” Mastery over subjects of law is not merely beneficial—it is the foremost duty of a lawyer. Over the years, I have embraced every opportunity to study new areas of law, constantly expanding my knowledge base. I truly believe that the moment one claims there is nothing more to learn is the very moment one begins to stagnate in this profession.

    When it comes to quasi-judicial authorities, the strategy is simple yet profound: understand the core of the problem and the root cause of the dispute. If these foundational aspects are grasped well, I believe half the battle is already won. My years of practice have taught me that irrespective of the forum, if you are well-versed in the Civil and Criminal Rules of Practice, you are effectively equipped to navigate most procedural nuances.

    Of course, quasi-judicial authorities bring their own procedural peculiarities—whether it’s the summary nature of proceedings under the Negotiable Instruments Act, the consumer-friendly mechanism under the Consumer Protection Act, or the evidentiary flexibility permitted in Insurance and Revenue matters. Each of these specialized forums is birthed from distinct legislative enactments, and their procedural requirements reflect the legislative intent to deliver faster, more focused justice.

    To adapt effectively, I ensure that I invest time in understanding the specific procedural mandates and jurisdictional subtleties of these forums. While it is true that procedural lapses can sometimes occur, I firmly believe that with proper study and preparation, these can be minimized, if not entirely avoided. My approach has always been to meticulously understand the enactments governing these bodies, thereby positioning myself to present my arguments seamlessly, whether it be in front of a tribunal, commission, or an appellate authority.

    In summary, my strategy is underpinned by relentless learning, deep understanding of the core dispute, and rigorous preparation tailored to the procedural framework of the forum I am appearing before. I consider it not just a strategy, but a philosophy of practice.

    Election petitions are often intricate and high-stakes in nature. What are some of the key legal considerations to keep in mind while arguing such matters? If possible, could you share an experience from a case you’ve handled in this area?

    Election Petitions are a unique category of legal proceedings governed by the Representation of the People Act, 1951, wherein the High Court assumes the role of the Election Tribunal. These matters are distinct, as the trial is conducted before the High Court itself, unlike other civil or criminal matters. Key legal considerations while arguing Election Petitions include Locus Standi, Grounds of Challenge, Strict Adherence to Procedure, Burden of Proof, Speedy Disposal. Under Section 81 of the Act, an Election Petition can only be presented by any candidate at the election or any elector. As per Section 2(e) of the Act, an elector is defined as any person whose name appears in the electoral roll of the constituency and is free from disqualifications under Section 16 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950.

    One particularly memorable case that I handled in this regard was the challenge of a Biennial Election to the Rajya Sabha. A Member of Parliament had been unanimously elected, and his nomination was contested by a voter on grounds of material suppressions in his affidavit. The challenge, however, was that the petitioner was not an elector as per the Act.

    The Representation of the People Act, under Section 81(1) Explanation, defines an elector as someone entitled to vote at the election, even if the person did not actually cast a vote. In this case, there was no voting at all—the election was unanimous. All candidates were sponsored by political parties, and hence, MLAs and MLCs were the only recognized electors.

    I represented the petitioner before the High Court, arguing that the “explanation is not a rule; an explanation cannot defeat the purpose of the enactment; and an explanation cannot override the definition.” I put forth the contention that I, as the petitioner, was the elector’s elector—a voice for the common man who is ultimately the foundation of electoral democracy. I argued that the spirit of the legislation was to enable challenges to irregularities and that the unanimous nature of the election should not bar the electorate from questioning it.

    As anticipated, the High Court dismissed the petition, not on the merits but purely on locus standi. But for me, the true journey began when I moved the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India, appearing before the Hon’ble Chief Justice. I argued vehemently, challenging the conventional understanding of the Explanation to Section 81. Although the Hon’ble Supreme Court was not inclined to allow my prayer, I walked out of the courtroom with a profound sense of satisfaction—a victory of learning, strategy, and courage to stand up for what I believed in. The hours of rigorous preparation, studying every nuance of the Representation of the People Act, and foreseeing every possible counter-argument gave me an unmatchable treasure of knowledge.

    In retrospect, while the case did not result in a favorable verdict, it was a landmark experience for me—proof that the real triumph sometimes lies in the fight, not just the outcome.

    What advice would you offer to young professionals and law students aspiring to build a career in this field? Are there any books, resources, or habits you would recommend that helped you in your own journey?

    I believe that offering blanket advice to young professionals and law students would be superficial because each individual comes from a distinct family and societal background that shapes their present circumstances. However, through my own journey, I have discovered certain habits and principles that I would strongly recommend to anyone aspiring to build a career in law.

    The cornerstone of this profession is passion. Be genuinely passionate about the law and the pursuit of justice. There will be times when financial and personal constraints may make you question your path. Despite those moments of doubt, the secret to becoming a good advocate is to persevere even when the odds are against you. Never give up; your persistence will be your greatest ally.

    There is no shortcut in law. Make it a habit to read at least four hours a day. This should include not just legal texts but also judgments, commentaries, and even works of literature that sharpen your articulation and depth of understanding. The law is ever-evolving, and staying updated is not just an advantage—it is a necessity.

    Law can be an all-consuming profession. It is intense, demanding, and at times, overwhelming. Developing hobbies outside of law—whether it’s playing a sport, writing, traveling, or painting—provides a much-needed escape and helps in maintaining mental balance. These hobbies act as a sanctuary when the weight of the profession becomes too heavy.

    One thing that is often overlooked is physical and mental health. Eat well, because brains need fuel to think. An empty stomach leads to fatigue, loss of focus, and poor decision-making. Sleep well, because your sharpness and ability to argue effectively are heavily dependent on rest. The mind is your greatest tool; take good care of it.

    Finally, take time to celebrate your victories—both big and small. If you are someone who does not find joy in life, chances are you won’t find joy in the profession either, because for an advocate, the profession becomes life. Embrace it, enjoy it, and let it be your passion. Learn to enjoy the journey of learning. It is not the cases you win or lose that define you, but the person you become in the process.

    Balancing a demanding legal practice with personal life can be challenging. How do you manage your professional responsibilities while also making time for yourself? What do you do to unwind and stay rejuvenated?

    Time is a man-made construct. I have deeply understood this, and that understanding forms the very basis of how I manage both my professional and personal life. For a busy man, there is always time for everything; for a lazy, pessimistic procrastinator, there is only shortage and dearth.

    I begin my day with something that brings me immense joy—cooking. I am a good cook, and I start each morning in the kitchen, preparing breakfast and lunch for my wife and daughter. It is my way of setting a positive tone for the day—nurturing my family before stepping into the world of law.

    One day a week, I completely disconnect from work and dedicate that time to playing leatherball cricket. It’s my way of feeling like a kid again, venting out all the stress, and just enjoying the pure thrill of the game. Sports, I believe, is a fantastic way to stay rejuvenated and grounded.

    Travel is another escape I hold dear. Once or twice a year, I go on bike rides—a passion that I cherish deeply. In 2021, I went solo from Kanyakumari to Jammu, covering the entire stretch over 18 days. It was a journey of solitude, reflection, and freedom that I hold close to my heart.

    I also sketch, doodle, and paint occasionally. Playing with colors is incredibly refreshing for me, offering a creative outlet that’s far removed from the rigors of legal battles. I am a lover of Carnatic music and an ardent listener. During my college days, I used to play the violin, although the demands of practice have left me with little space to pursue it actively now.

    Of late, I have embraced creative writing. I recently published my fiction novel, Tales of Lawyer Ramachandra Shastry, which has been a deeply fulfilling journey. I also won the 21st Century Emily Dickinson Award from Book Leaf Publishing Co. for my collection of poems titled How to Lose Your Keys and Find Yourself – Poems for the Beautifully Flawed. It consists of 30 acrostic poems that reflect on philosophy and life. I have also completed a philosophical work on Advaita, which is due for publishing soon.

    For me, life is a balance of passion, purpose, and play. Each role I take up—as a lawyer, a writer, a cook, a traveller, and a cricketer—nourishes a different part of me. It’s not about managing time; it’s about embracing it.

    Get in touch with Chaitanya S.G. –

  • “I firmly believe that maintaining an academic inclination enriches one’s understanding of the law and enhances professional growth.” – Raghava Parthasarathy, Founder of Office of Raghav Parthasarathy.

    “I firmly believe that maintaining an academic inclination enriches one’s understanding of the law and enhances professional growth.” – Raghava Parthasarathy, Founder of Office of Raghav Parthasarathy.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    What inspired you to pursue a career in law? Was there a particular moment or influence in your life that steered you in this direction?

    During my school years, I developed interests in Social Studies, particularly History and Political Science. I was always intrigued by topics like civil and political rights, the Constitution, and the legal and regulatory framework that governs societies. However, when it came time to choose my stream in Plus-2, I opted for Science. This decision was heavily influenced by my parents, who believed that a background in Science would keep more academic and career options open. They often said that while one could shift from Science to Commerce or Humanities, the reverse was much harder. At the time, I wasn’t entirely happy with that decision. I felt disconnected from the subjects I was passionate about and often regretted not pursuing Humanities. But in hindsight, I now appreciate the wisdom behind my parents’ advice. Studying Science has given me the ability to grasp scientific and technological concepts with relative ease—an advantage I now value immensely. As I progressed through my Plus-2 education, it became increasingly clear that my true interests did not lie in Science. I found myself disengaged and uninspired, and I realized that continuing in this field would not fulfil me intellectually or personally. Transitioning to legal studies felt like a natural and inevitable step—a return to the subjects I was genuinely passionate about. Some of the then contemporary developments garnered my attention towards law, policy and governance. I was fortunate to have studied at JSS Law College, Mysuru, as it opened up many opportunities to explore along with like-minded friends and classmates.

    What drew you to specialize in Energy Laws during your LL.M. at the University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun? And now, as you pursue a Ph.D. at Gujarat National Law University, how has that academic journey shaped your legal perspective?

    My inquisitiveness towards learning law led me to explore emerging and specialised areas which were niche and still developing at that point in time. After completing my graduation, I found my interests and inclination towards International Law and Diplomacy, Dispute Resolution like Mediation and Conciliation, Financial Markets, Energy laws among others. Very few universities in India, at that point in time, offered courses beyond the traditional subjects and Energy laws garnered my interest and drew me to explore and learn more about it. Continuing with the studies, I understood the legal framework in the energy sector, specifically Oil and Gas, Power sector has tremendous potential for professional practice and in academic research. Under the guidance of my supervisor Prof. (Dr.) Shanthakumar, Director, GNLU, I am working on a Regulatory framework for the Upstream Hydrocarbon sector in India, by re-examining the present framework. 

    Reflecting on your early years in the legal field, what formative experiences deepened your understanding of the law? Are there any moments or mentors that continue to resonate with you today?

    After completing graduation and post-graduation, I gained varied and meaningful experience working under the guidance of my senior – Mr. S. Srinivasa Murthy, in Bengaluru. This foundational experience got me acquainted with nuances of litigation and client interaction. After working for a year, I had an opportunity to do Clerkship at the High Court of Karnataka. I was fortunate to work under the mentorship and guidance of Hon’ble Justice B.V. Nagarathna (now judge of the Supreme Court), then Judge at High Court of Karnataka. This Clerkship marked a major turning point for my career. It offered intricacies of judicial decision making, including interpretation of law and assessing its applicability in varied factual context. The most profound learning however, was, understanding how a judge approaches any matter, the temperament required to listen and analyse many cases on a daily basis. Clerkship opportunities, both at the High Courts and the Supreme Court, offers unparalleled insights for law graduates. The work entails preparing synopsis, case briefs, research and identifying applicable precedents, assisting in preparing articles, speeches among other duties. Clerkship fosters a deep sense of judicial discipline, highlights ethical boundaries, procedural clarity and broader appreciation of the role that courts play in delivering justice across broad spectrum of matters. 

    During your time at CEERA, NLSIU, you were involved in high-impact research and consultancy projects for institutions such as the MoEFCC, ISRO, and the Directorate of Municipal Administration. Could you share some insights into your experience there, and how your contributions influenced these projects?

    Working as a Teaching Associate at CEERA, NLSIU, Bengaluru, I had the privilege to work in legal academia and research. Under the mentorship of Prof. (Dr.) Sairam Bhat and Prof. (Dr.) M.K. Ramesh, I was involved in workshops, conferences, classroom teaching, legislative drafting, and legal research. This hands-on experience, including client consultations and litigation work, enriched my academic delivery and deepened my understanding of law in practice. Collaborating with government departments such as the Directorate of Municipal Administration (GoK) and contributing to major legislative projects like the Climate Bill and Municipalities Bill provided valuable insights into policy and governance. CEERA has actively contributed in legal and policy reforms, implemented by the Government and its various departments. My time at CEERA was instrumental in shaping my perspective as a legal academic and researcher, and I was fortunate to learn from a diverse network of dedicated peers and professionals.  

    What motivated you to establish your own legal practice? What were some of the major challenges you encountered, and how did you navigate them?

    Since 2022, I have been managing my independent legal practice in Jayanagar, Bengaluru, alongside my partner Mr. Vivek Raviprakash and our team of associates. Having been actively involved in client interactions early in my career, establishing my own chambers was a natural progression aligned with my passion for litigation. A key challenge has been building and sustaining a reliable clientele—an aspect many in independent practice will recognize. While acquiring clients is challenging, maintaining long-term relationships truly reflects a firm’s strength and professionalism.

    Another systemic issue is the judicial backlog or ‘docket explosion,’ which has increased delays in case resolution. This challenge, however, has catalyzed the growth of alternate dispute resolution methods like arbitration and mediation, offering more efficient alternatives.

    Drawing from both academic and litigation experience, I see a clear need to bridge the gap between legal education and practice. Initiatives such as moot courts, law fests, and intercollegiate sport events offer valuable platforms for students to gain exposure, build networks, and enhance their understanding beyond classroom learning. Encouraging such engagement fosters holistic growth and better prepares students for the realities of the profession. 

    You’ve appeared before a range of judicial and quasi-judicial bodies, from the High Court and other Tribunals. In your work on matters involving education and reservation policies, is there a particular experience that was challenging for you? How did you approach its legal and constitutional aspects?

    Litigation, by its nature, involves addressing both simple and complex issues that often arise from the friction between societal expectations and the existing regulatory framework. Two important cases stand out, as it ultimately led to changes in laws and guidelines. One such case is Sripathi G. v. Union of India and Others (2024:KHC:43993-DB), where the petitioner, a former member of the District Consumer Commission, was barred from practising before any Consumer Commission in India under Rule 11(2) of the 2020 Model Rules. This restriction was arbitrary and without justification. Upon challenging the rule, and shortly after notice was issued, the Central Government amended the provision, effectively removing the prohibition and restoring professional rights to retired members.

    Another notable case was Priyanka Patil v. Kendriya Sainik Board and Others (2023 SCC OnLine Kar 1), which involved constitutional issues of gender rights and discriminatory policy. The petitioner, daughter of a martyred ex-serviceman, was denied employment reservation benefits due to a clause that restricted ESM identity cards for female dependents only “till marriage or disability,” while no such condition applied to male dependents. The Karnataka High Court struck . down Clause 5(c) of the Guidelines as violative of Articles 14 and 15 of the Constitution. Following the judgment, the Kendriya Sainik Board revised its guidelines, establishing a more gender-equitable policy.

    When approaching any matter, it is essential to strategize and compile all relevant documentation. Tools such as filing RTI applications for procuring official records, effective coordination with authorities, and timely communication via letters, emails, and notices are vital in building a strong case. In matters involving the constitutional validity of central guidelines, ensuring all necessary parties are included helps prevent procedural delays and keeps the focus on the core issue.

    With your extensive background in both litigation and academia, what key advice would you give to young lawyers starting out, especially those who aim to bridge courtroom practice and policy engagement?

    Based on my experiences since law school, I would like to reassure students who feel anxious about their future that a legal education opens up a wide array of opportunities. It is essential to take internships seriously, using them not just for exposure but also to develop key professional skills. In today’s evolving landscape, the legal profession is incredibly versatile and intersects with almost every sector of society. Career options range from traditional paths like the judiciary, advocacy, and clerkships, to roles as policy and legislative consultants, members of the armed forces through the JAG branch, corporate legal professionals, in-house counsels, Academics and Teaching, and ADR specialists such as arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators, Insolvency Professionals and freelancing. Emerging fields like legal tech, energy laws, AI and data privacy among other  upcoming areas present promising prospects.

    The key lies in staying vigilant and proactive in identifying and pursuing these opportunities. My own journey over the past years in practice has been both fruitful and enlightening. I firmly believe that maintaining an academic inclination enriches one’s understanding of the law and enhances professional growth. It also enables legal practitioners to engage meaningfully with stakeholders beyond the courtroom, contributing to broader conversations in their areas of interest. I am a firm believer that Academicians must be permitted to practise and appear in courts, as that would enhance the academic standards throughout the country.

    Given the high-pressure nature of legal work, especially when balancing court cases and government consultancy, how do you take care of your mental health and sustain your well-being?

    One of the key lessons I have learned through my professional journey is the importance of coordination, team-building, and effective delegation. These elements are crucial not only for achieving sustained performance but also for long-term growth. The support of family plays an equally vital role in navigating the demands of the legal profession. I am fortunate to have the unwavering support of my friend and wife, Geethanjali K.V., an IP law practitioner, with whom I often engage in enriching discussions that broaden my perspectives on both law and life.

    To manage the pressures that come with the profession and life in general, I have found it essential to maintain a balanced routine. Personally, cooking and working out serve as meaningful outlets that help me de-stress and stay grounded. Ultimately, I believe that when one is committed to the profession, it has a way of giving back—providing purpose, resilience, and fulfilment.

    Get in touch with Raghava Parthasarathy –

  • “Keep saying yes. Even when it is daunting, even when you feel unprepared, put your hand up. Some of the most defining parts of my journey came from saying yes to opportunities I wasn’t sure I was ready for.” – Ishmeet Kaur, Associate at A&O Shearman, UK.

    “Keep saying yes. Even when it is daunting, even when you feel unprepared, put your hand up. Some of the most defining parts of my journey came from saying yes to opportunities I wasn’t sure I was ready for.” – Ishmeet Kaur, Associate at A&O Shearman, UK.

    This interview has been published by The SuperLawyer Team.

    From Head Girl at Modern School Vasant Vihar to an Associate at A&O Shearman in London how do you reflect on your journey?

    Looking back, it hasn’t exactly been a straight line, but I don’t think I’d change anything. Being Head Girl at my high school was probably my first experience juggling twenty things at once – academics, debates, sports, painting, dancing, leadership (and occasionally trying to stop people, including my notorious best friend, from bunking classes). I loved being involved in everything, which has sort of stayed with me.

    In my final year, apart from juggling the many responsibilities that came with being the Head Girl, I was also a national-level runner and represented the state in competitions across the country. At the time, I remember wanting to take it up professionally and hoped to be the next PT Usha, so I dedicated most of my time to training. I also won a sports scholarship.

    When the board results came, I didn’t hit the 95% mark that’s so often treated as the golden ticket. At the time, I thought that meant I’d missed out. But because of all of my achievements, I got admission to Lady Shri Ram College to study Philosophy which turned out to be exactly what I needed. I didn’t know it then, but Philosophy shaped the way I think: it made me comfortable with ambiguity, taught me how to structure arguments, and to ask “why” until something actually made sense. I loved it a lot, and ended up being among the top scorers in the University. It also turned out to be very good prep for a future degree and career in law.

    After law school at Delhi University, I clerked for Justice A.K. Sikri at the Supreme Court. I then went on to Cambridge for my LLM, and from there joined Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas, where I worked in hardcore litigation and both international and domestic arbitration. Later, I moved to London first at a U.S. firm focusing on international arbitration, and now with A&O Shearman, where I’ve been part of the Litigation and Investigations team. I’m currently on secondment with the firm’s Regulation & Conduct team, which has given me a very different (but equally valuable) perspective on how institutions think about risk, regulation, and conduct.

    It’s been a mix of the unexpected and the intentional but somehow, it’s all added up.

    You took on a fairly serious internship while still a student. What made you do that, and what did you take away from it?

    During my first year of college, I interned with Justice Anup Bhambhani, who was then a senior advocate practicing at the Delhi High Court and Supreme Court. It was a long-term internship that I somehow balanced alongside lectures and college life but I really wanted to get stuck in early.

    It was an eye-opener. I was exposed to serious matters criminal, commercial, and constitutional that eventually reached the highest courts in the country. I did a lot of research and drafting work and got to see legal strategy taking shape in real time. He was the best first mentor anyone could ask for, generous with his time, exacting in the best way, and genuinely invested. They say if your first boss is a good boss, you’re lucky I definitely was.

    That experience grounded me early. It helped me see law not just as a subject but as something real, dynamic, and impactful. I think it also gave me the confidence to keep pushing for more, even when things felt intimidating.

    And then a clerkship at the Supreme Court with Justice Sikri right after law school, which was your first step into the full time professional legal world. What was that like?

    The transition from law school to the Supreme Court was like being dropped straight into the deep end – but in the best way. As a clerk to Justice Sikri, I had a front-row seat to some of the most important legal debates in the country. What struck me most was the sheer discipline and clarity with which he approached even the most complex matters. Every footnote, every comma, had to have a reason.

    He was also incredibly open to ideas. I was fresh out of law school, but he always made space for me to question things, to offer my own perspective, and to learn by doing. It taught me the value of precision, yes but also how to look beyond the black letter of the law to the human impact of legal reasoning. That lesson has stuck with me far beyond the court, and I’ll always be grateful to him for cementing my love for the law.

    You pursued an LLM at Cambridge right after. What drove that decision, and what was it like?

    After the intensity of the clerkship, I wanted to step back and immerse myself in deeper academic thinking. Cambridge had always been something of a dream. I applied, not expecting much, and was genuinely shocked when I got in and that too with scholarships from the Cambridge Trust and the Pratibha M. Singh Foundation.

    My time there was everything I hoped for – demanding, inspiring, and also very grounding. I studied international law, information law, advanced private law alongside peers from all over the world. We’d debate the ICC’s latest decisions in the morning, spend afternoons trying (and failing) to punt without falling into the Cam, and evenings at formal dinners where I’d shamelessly sneak in a bottle of Tabasco. It was serious learning with a light touch, and it pushed me to see law in a much more global and comparative way.

    After Cambridge, you returned to India and joined Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas (CAM). What was that experience like?

    CAM was where I properly learned how to be a litigator. I joined the disputes team and was in court or before a tribunal pretty much constantly arguing, drafting, thinking on my feet. It was full throttle, but I loved it. There’s something about being in the thick of it – scrambling to prepare for a hearing at midnight, getting cross-examination notes ready under pressure – that really forces you to trust your instincts.

    I had incredible mentors during that time. Raunak, the partner in the team, was great and generous with his time, and my brother-in-law Aditya – also a lawyer, and at the firm then – was (and still is) someone I lean on for ideas, prep, and perspective. The exposure to substantive matters early on really gave me the confidence to speak up, take ownership, and grow quickly.

    You then moved into international arbitration at a U.S. firm in London. What was the shift like?

    It was a big transition – procedurally, stylistically, culturally. The focus there was on large-scale international arbitration, so the pace was still fast, but the rhythm was different. Less shouting in courtrooms, more strategic planning in very long Zoom calls.

    What I really appreciated was the collaborative nature of cross-border work. You’re often balancing legal regimes, time zones, and business interests at once. I worked closely on issues tied to enforcement risk, and it gave me a clearer sense of how legal exposure often begins long before any formal dispute arises. That experience planted the seed for what’s now a strong interest in how businesses are regulated, the many risks involved, how to mitigate those risks, and when things go south – how best to serve your clients. It also showed me how lawyers can play a proactive role in every stage of that process.

    What have you worked on at A&O Shearman, and what are you doing now in your secondment?

    At A&O Shearman, I joined the Litigation and Investigations team, where I’ve worked on a range of matters: commercial litigation, internal investigations, and regulatory enforcement issues. Several of those matters touched directly on financial crime, fraud, and misconduct, and I found myself increasingly drawn to the investigative and regulatory angles of our work.

    That interest is what led me to take up a secondment with the firm’s Regulation & Conduct team which is part of the risk and compliance function. The role is very strategy-focused – I help assess how emerging regulatory developments might impact the business and its clients, contribute to internal compliance frameworks, and think through conduct from both a legal and cultural lens.

    It’s been fascinating to sit at the intersection of law, risk, and policy, and to understand how large institutions manage internal controls, reporting obligations, and reputational exposure. The secondment has also deepened my interest in working with legal systems that are evolving to meet increasingly complex financial, financial crime, regulatory and technological risks. Its given me a much clearer sense of how clients experience and navigate legal risk internally and I am looking forward to bringing that perspective into my disputes, investigations and regulatory practice, where I can apply it with sharper insight and impact.  

    Outside law, when you were in India you co-founded a teaching academy. Can you tell us about that?

    Yes – this is something very close to my heart. My grandmother is a retired schoolteacher who wanted to keep teaching. So, we started small: just a borrowed desk in a neighbourhood temple, a few local kids, and a lot of chalk dust.

    It grew faster than we expected. Over the years, we’ve taught more than 1,000 students, all from families who couldn’t otherwise afford extra help. We now have a proper space, a volunteer teaching team, and a small but thriving community.

    Even now, from London, I stay involved however I can, mentoring, supporting the team, and helping raise funds. It’s a constant reminder that education doesn’t need to be fancy to be powerful. It just needs to be consistent, kind, and rooted in belief.

    Your journey cuts across court work and litigation, arbitration, investigations, and regulatory compliance. What connects it all?

    The through-line, I think, is clarity. Whether I’m helping a client frame a case, analysing documents related to an investigation, or advising on conduct risks – it’s about unpacking complexity and making it manageable.

    I’ve always been drawn to roles where law intersects with regulation and reputation, especially in high-stakes or high-impact contexts. The kind of work where one wrong move has real consequences, whether it’s a financial crime allegation or a governance failure. That’s what excites me where investigations, compliance, and tech-driven legal thinking all meet. It’s an area I’d love to keep building in.

    And finally, what advice would you give to someone starting out, especially if they feel they’re not on the “perfect” path?

    I’d say – forget perfect. It doesn’t exist. When I didn’t get the course I thought I wanted in undergrad, I felt like I’d already fallen behind. But that so-called “detour” changed everything. So be open. Your path doesn’t have to look like anyone else’s.

    Ask for help. I’ve learned so much just by reaching out to people who were one or two steps ahead of me. And when you’re in a position to, pay that forward.

    Also: keep perspective. Law can be intense, and it will stretch you – but it’s also a long game. Take the work seriously, but don’t let it swallow the rest of your life. Keep reading, travelling, painting, running, resting – whatever makes you feel like a person. That part of you will make you a better lawyer, and a much better colleague!

    And finally, keep saying yes. Even when it is daunting, even when you feel unprepared, put your hand up. Some of the most defining parts of my journey came from saying yes to opportunities I wasn’t sure I was ready for. That’s how I stumbled into Philosophy first and later into areas of law I never expected to love, commercial disputes, regulatory work, investigations, financial crime and the influence of technology in law, these have shaped the way I think today. So take the chance. Sometimes the things you grow to love and the strengths you didn’t know you had are waiting just on the other side of that first ‘yes’.

    Get in touch with Ishmeet Kaur –

  • “Litigation is not about instant gratification, it’s a slow build, where every draft, every appearance, every client interaction contributes to your growth.” – Mustafa Bohra, Associate Partner at Solomon & Co.

    “Litigation is not about instant gratification, it’s a slow build, where every draft, every appearance, every client interaction contributes to your growth.” – Mustafa Bohra, Associate Partner at Solomon & Co.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    Sir, your legal career spans a diverse array of practice areas, including criminal and civil litigation, writ petitions, and domestic arbitrations. Reflecting on your journey, what initially inspired you to pursue law as a career, and how did you cultivate expertise in such varied areas of law? 

    Looking back, my journey into law wasn’t driven by a single “aha” moment, but by a gradual and irresistible fascination towards it. What first drew my attention was my fascination with going to courts. There was something about the atmosphere, the energy and the way arguments unfolded, that captivated me from the start. Watching advocates argue complex matters with clarity and conviction inspired me to be part of this legal world. This fascination soon turned into a deeper interest towards law. What truly sealed it for me, though, was participating in several moot courts during law college. That’s where I for the first time experienced the thrill of legal research, strategy, and structured argument. Mooting gave me that rush, which made the law feel alive. It sparked a passion that’s been hard to resist ever since. 

    One of the most valuable lessons I picked up early on was learning to argue a case from both sides. It not only strengthens your understanding of the law but teaches you empathy, critical thinking, and the ability to anticipate and respond. These skills are crucial in any type of litigation be it civil, criminal or arbitration. 

    As for cultivating expertise across varied practice areas, there’s no shortcut. For me it’s been a deliberate process deeply rooted in constant reading and curiosity. I ensure that I not only read statutes and judgements but also apply those laws to hypothetical scenarios. It’s my way of pressure-testing the law and developing a deeper, more intuitive grasp of it. It sharpens interpretation, builds a nuanced understanding of law and prepares me to handle diverse cases with confidence. It also keeps me in a constant zone of learning, which is essential because the law is always evolving.  

    Can you share your journey from law school to the early years of practice? What challenges did you encounter when starting out in the legal profession, and how did you navigate those obstacles to establish yourself in your practice areas? 

    My journey from law college to the profession has been shaped by discipline, resilience, and a relentless desire to carve my own space in the legal world. Being a first generation lawyer, I come from a background where nothing was handed on a silver platter and from day one, I knew I had to work harder than most if I wanted to make it in the legal world and the journey still continues.  

    While studying law in college, I worked part time as a Karate instructor, juggling classes, internships and training. Balancing all this meant my days often started well before sunrise and ended well past midnight, but the discipline taught me how to manage time, stay grounded and never lose sight of my goals. 

    Before I formally entered the profession, I had already completed approximately three years of internships with a litigator because I wanted to be as ready as possible when the first opportunity came, and it eventually did, I was selected at Solomon & Co., a place that has shaped me significantly and allowed me to grow in arbitration, civil and criminal litigation. The principle which I followed as a student and an intern continued at the firm as well which was to never say no to any work. Even when a task or assignment felt beyond my comfort zone, I saw it as a chance to grow. 

    What I have learned is that success in law doesn’t come easy and certainly doesn’t come from shortcuts, it comes from showing up everyday, putting in the work and being willing to learn, unlearn and grow. I still carry the same hunger today, and I believe that as long as that fire burns, the journey will remain exciting. 

    Your career at Solomon & Co. has been marked by impressive growth, from Associate to Senior Associate, and now Associate Partner. What were the key milestones, accomplishments, or lessons that have contributed to your rise within the firm? How do you view your current role as an Associate Partner in shaping your long-term goals and aspirations within the firm? 

    My journey at Solomon & Co. has been defined by consistent growth, strong mentorship of my seniors and a deep-rooted passion for dispute resolution. From joining as an Associate to now working as an Associate Partner, every step has brought with it new challenges, learnings and opportunities that shaped me both professionally and personally. 

    Some of the key milestones in this journey include handling high stakes litigation, managing and nurturing a diverse team, and successfully building and maintaining client relationships. Each role I have taken on has reinforced the value of strategic thinking, clear communication and adaptability. These skills are fundamental for navigating the dynamic world of dispute resolution. 

    As an Associate Partner, my focus has expanded to including mentoring junior team members, broadening our practice areas, and actively participating in business development initiatives. It’s a role that demands not just legal acumen but also vision, patience and leadership and the same also aligns perfectly with my long-term goal of contributing meaningfully to the firm’s legacy, while continuously evolving into a well – rounded leader.  

    I am especially grateful for the trust and responsibility placed in me by Solomon & Co. and particularly by Mr. Aaron Solomon, our Managing Partner and other Partners at Solomon & Co with whom I have worked, their mentorship and support have played a pivotal role in my growth. The learnings and trust reposed by the firm helps me and continues to motivate me while raising the standards of work in my team and across practice areas ensuring the best possible client service. 

    The road ahead is exciting, and I look forward to continuing to grow with Solomon & Co. while making a lasting impact in the field of litigation and dispute resolution.  

    With your extensive experience in domestic arbitration, what do you consider to be the key elements for a successful arbitration process in India? How do you prepare for an arbitration hearing, and what are some common misconceptions clients have about arbitration that you make sure to clarify for them?

    With the evolution of arbitration law and practice in India, a successful domestic arbitration hinges on a few key elements. 

    First and foremost, clarity in the arbitration agreement is essential. Many disputes begin with ambiguities in the arbitration clause itself, be it the seat, governing law, or the process for appointment of arbitrators. A well drafted arbitration clause reduces the scope for preliminary procedural challenges and delay. 

    Secondly, efficiency and preparedness are critical. Unlike court proceedings, arbitration gives parties greater control over timelines and procedure. To make the most of this, it’s important to have a focused strategy right from the statement of claim/defence stage, with clearly defined issues, timelines, and a vision of how the matter should proceed. When I prepare for an arbitration hearing, I focus not just on the legal merits but also on the narrative as to how to present a case in a concise and persuasive manner. Understanding the tribunal’s style and anticipating procedural objections or evidentiary challenges are all part of the preparation. Arbitration is often document – heavy, so organizing the record meticulously and preparing a tight chronology helps the tribunal follow the case seamlessly.  

    As for client expectations, one common misconception is that arbitration is always faster and cheaper than litigation. While it often is, especially when managed well, that’s not universally true. I also find that clients sometimes think arbitration is informal or less serious whereas in reality, it can be just as rigorous and adversarial, especially in complex commercial matters. 

    Another myth is that the arbitrator will find a middle ground to resolve the dispute. I always clarify that arbitrators are bound by law and evidence, and their role is adjudicatory, not conciliatory. Ultimately, the goal is to demystify the process for clients, set realistic expectations, and execute the strategy with precision and integrity.  

    You regularly appear before various judicial and quasi-judicial forums, including Magistrate Courts and the Bombay High Court. How do you adapt your legal strategies to suit the procedural differences in these distinct forums? 

    Each forum whether it is the Magistrate’s Court or a quasi-judicial tribunal, or the Bombay High Court has its own procedural framework, pace, and expectations. Adapting legal strategy to suit these differences is not just important but also essential for effective advocacy. In Magistrate Courts, proceedings tend to be more procedural, and form driven. The focus is often on compliance with statutory timelines, procedural filings, and the careful presentation of evidence especially in criminal complaints or cases under the Negotiable Instruments Act. Here, precision in pleadings, attention to procedural nuances, and consistent follow-up are key. Oral arguments are usually brief and factual, and the focus is on moving the matter through its procedural stages efficiently. 

    In contrast, when appearing before the Bombay High Court, especially on the original side, the approach is significantly different. Matters here involve a broader canvas such as complex commercial disputes, writs, appeals etc., requiring deeper legal analysis, structured submissions, and often layered case law support. Strategy here includes anticipating judicial thinking, being well-versed with recent precedents, and presenting arguments with clarity and brevity to match the Court’s time constraints. 

    At the core of my approach is a simple principle: form must follow function. Strategy is tailored not only to the forum, but also the nature of relief sought, the urgency involved and the profile of the adjudicator. One size never fits all.  

    As an experienced litigator who frequently handles high-profile cases, could you share a particularly complex or high-stakes litigation that you’ve managed? What were the main challenges involved, and how did you craft a successful strategy for your client?

    One of the more complex matters I have handled involved representing a landowner, where we are defending a Suit and connected litigation concerning a large-scale redevelopment project in Mumbai. The dispute revolves around the ownership of land and other issues. 

    The main challenge lay in the multi – forum nature of the dispute: while the core issue is being adjudicated by the Suit Court, there are parallel proceedings before Magistrate’s Court, Deputy Registrar of Co-operative Societies, Land Revenue Officers etc. 

    Given the commercial and reputational stakes, the pressure to act swiftly and strategically was high. My approach was to first disentangle the overlapping legal issues and create a unified litigation roadmap. I worked closely with the client to identify his core priorities, staying adverse enforcement actions etc. 

    We focused on defending the grant of ad-interim reliefs from the High Court, which set the tone of the rest of the proceedings. What is important is a mix of legal precision and tactical patience. We avoided combative stance where unnecessary and instead leveraged procedural opportunities to bring the other side to the table for Mediation. 

    Cases like this reaffirm that high stakes litigation isn’t about winning, its about knowing when to push and when to pause.    

    With your wealth of experience across multiple areas of law, you are in a unique position to guide aspiring legal professionals. What advice would you offer to law students and young lawyers, particularly those looking to build a successful career in dispute resolution? Are there any key skills, resources, or strategies that you believe are essential for success in this field?

    Dispute resolution is a deeply rewarding field, but it demands patience, precision, and perseverance. For law students and young lawyers aspiring to build a career in this area, my first piece of advice would be: embrace the grind. Litigation is not about instant gratification, it’s a slow build, where every draft, every appearance, every client interaction contributes to your growth. 

    Foundational skills like legal research, drafting, and court etiquette are non-negotiable. The ability to think analytically, anticipating judicial thinking, communicate clearly, and adapt to different forums is what makes a good Advocate. Early on, focus on understanding procedural law, it’s the spine of litigation. You may know the law, but if you don’t know how to apply it procedurally, you’re at a disadvantage. 

    I also encourage young professionals to observe courtroom proceedings, even when they’re not arguing. There’s no better classroom than a courtroom. Watch how seasoned counsel frame their submissions, how judges respond, and how strategies shift in real time. Over time, this exposure will shape your own courtroom style. 

    In terms of resources, commentaries, live cases, and judgments are vital but so are podcasts, lectures, and articles that give you practical insights. Law is no longer just about black-letter rules; it’s about staying curious, current, and commercially aware.

    One underrated skill is client management. Understanding your client’s priorities, maintaining transparency, and managing expectations are as important as your legal strategy. After all, dispute resolution isn’t just about fighting, it’s about solving.

    Finally, build your credibility. That comes from consistency, honesty, and being dependable not just with seniors or clients, but with your team as well. Reputation in this field is earned slowly. If you’re willing to put in the hours, keep learning, and stay grounded, dispute resolution offers you a career of intellectual challenge and professional impact. 

    Achieving a work-life balance in a demanding profession like law can be challenging. Given the pressures of high-stakes litigation and various professional commitments, how have you managed to maintain a balance between your career and personal life?

    Work – life balance in the legal profession is a constant work in progress, especially in litigation, where the unpredictability of court dates, client emergencies and deadlines often spill over into personal time. I haven’t cracked it yet, but over the years, I have learned to manage the chaos.  

    What has helped me the most is being fully present wherever I am. When I’m in court or working on a case, I give it my undivided attention. But once I step away from that space, I consciously switch off, even if it’s just for a short walk, dinner date or watching one episode of a show on any OTT platform. Those moments of disconnection actually recharge me and help me return to work with better focus.  

    I have also learned the value of prioritizing ruthlessly. Delegation, trusting my team and setting realistic expectations have been key to avoiding burnout. Spending time with loved ones, traveling when possible and pursuing personal interest keeps me grounded. They are essential for mental clarity and long – term sustainability in a profession that can be all consuming. 

    Most importantly, I have realised that the balance isn’t about spending equal time, its about being aligned with what matters most in each moment. Some weeks will tilt towards work and others towards personal time. As long as I don’t lose sight of the people and passions outside the profession, it all evens out in the long run.  

    Get in touch with Mustafa Bohra –

  • “My biggest piece of advice would be that do not compare your journey with others. Everyone has their own pace, and there is no single “right” way to succeed in this profession.” – Akshay Srivastava, Advocate-on-Record at Supreme Court of India.

    “My biggest piece of advice would be that do not compare your journey with others. Everyone has their own pace, and there is no single “right” way to succeed in this profession.” – Akshay Srivastava, Advocate-on-Record at Supreme Court of India.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    Having built a successful legal career and currently being an AOR, what initially inspired you to pursue law? Was there a defining moment that confirmed your decision to embark on this profession? Additionally, how did your experience at Symbiosis Law School Pune contribute to shaping your legal journey?

    Honestly, law was not my first choice. I initially wanted to join the army as I was into sports and athletics. However, nobody in my family has been in the forces and everyone I had or looked up to was a professional working in different areas. My parents are entrepreneurs and my elder brother had already chosen IT and Engineering sector, which was considered very rewarding then. I had the option of wanting to do something different and got all the support from my family. By class 12th I ended up eliminating the army option. I had narrowed down my choices to business administration or law. Back in 2011 law was still a lesser-known option for students and there was some novelty in the prospects of joining a law school. At that time, I was lucky because one of my cousins had joined RGNUL, Patiala in 2009, and I also got some very positive feedback from him regarding the subjects for the course. Few of my very good friends had also started their preparation for law entrance in class 11 and an interaction with them, and looking at the past law school entrance test papers interested me enough to sit for these exams. I ended up writing a couple of these exams and joined Symbiosis Law School, Pune, which was the best decision I ever made. Symbiosis played an instrumental role in shaping my journey. The kind of exposure I got there by interacting with people from different backgrounds, participating in moot court competitions and other extracurriculars really helped me grow both personally and professionally. 

    As you began your legal career, what were some of the key learning experiences that shaped your path? Starting as an Associate with a litigation office, what were the pivotal moments and challenges that were faced by you?

    Despite my urge to sound positive and encouraging, I must admit that the initial years were quite tough. As a first-generation lawyer in a new city, everything felt overwhelming—getting nervous before every matter, second-guessing my drafts, worrying about whether my seniors would approve, etc. But I was lucky to have some great mentors who have been very supportive and have led by example to instill in me the values and importance of consistent hard work, developing an eye for detail and being clear in thought and words.

    After transitioning to another firm and handling a variety of cases, including landmark Supreme Court cases for homebuyers, could you share your experiences from these cases? Specifically, what challenges did you face while representing homebuyers, and how did the judgment/order, particularly regarding the definition of homebuyers as ‘financial creditors’ under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, affect their rights?

    After working for almost a year at the office of a Senior Advocate, I moved to PSP Legal in 2017, where my legal career really picked up pace. At PSP we handled a lot of cases for aggrieved homebuyers across the NCR region. When I had joined in 2017, the prevalent option with the homebuyers was to go under the consumer protection regime. However, the process had its own limitations where although the homebuyers were successful in obtaining decisions in their favour, yet there were constraints in having them executed against the real estate entities. Needless to say, we faced tremendous opposition from the real estate players to refuse enforcement, often citing poor financial health of the sector as a whole. 

    We had also explored other legal remedies where criminal proceedings were also initiated on behalf of the homebuyers against a few promoters of the real estate entities for their criminal actions where all monies of the homebuyers had been siphoned off for their personal gain. 

    The laws around insolvency and its application to the real estate sector were still evolving at that time. However, we took charge and had initiated IBC proceedings against several established real estate players. Again, there was severe resistance against these actions, and the proceedings were dragged across several forums (NCLT, NCLAT, Delhi High Court and Supreme Court) in a relatively small amount of time, and we were fortunate to represent the homebuyer interests in all these proceedings. 

    The big breakthrough came when the Supreme Court confirmed that homebuyers are financial creditors under the IBC, in Pioneer Urban Land and Infrastructure Limited & Anr. v. Union of India &Ors. (2019). In this case we faced an initial setback as the Supreme Court had stayed all NCLT proceedings under IBC against the real estate builders initiated by the homebuyers. Finally, this judgment came as a big relief for the homebuyers and the homebuyers were confident in initiating similar proceedings across the country. 

    The whole journey (which is still ongoing), involving working non-stop in preparation for days, has been very rewarding. The cause of the homebuyers has become something very close to my heart, as some of our clients had put in their entire life savings and were left with nothing—not even legal clarity on how to fight back. To play a small part in their betterment, and in the development of the law was very satisfying. These cases also put a spotlight on PSP’s practice in this niche area of law. 

    With your extensive experience in both arbitration and real estate law, how do you foresee the future of these areas evolving, especially considering the continuous changes in regulations and legal developments?

    In real estate law, there is still a lot of uncertainty especially with conflicting court rulings on similar issues. Whether it is RERA or the Consumer Protection Act, we also have to deal with situations where there are overlapping remedies under different legislations, and it becomes an important factor for advising on solutions to a particular legal problem. However, considering that the legal framework in the sector, especially under RERA, is still nascent, we are hopeful that critical issues (like construction of stalled projects, issues with banks disbursing loan amount directly to the builder without any due diligence and enforcement of the orders/directions) would be ironed out soon.

    Arbitration has a lot of potential, but it is still expensive and not as efficient as it was designed to be. There is a lot of talk about India becoming a global arbitration hub, but we have got some ground to cover in terms of legal reforms and meeting the practical challenges.

    Another big challenge is enforcement/execution of decisions, which is native to both real estate law and arbitration. Even after you win a case, enjoying the fruits of the decision can take years. The Supreme Court’s judgment in Periyammal (Dead) Through Lrs & Ors.  v. V. Rajamani & Anr. Etc. (2025) is a step in the right direction as it has brought much needed reform and accountability in how lower courts/tribunals handle execution matters. However, how these directions are carried out into actions by the executing courts (especially in the face of shortage of judges and court staff, and judicial pendency) is something which we must look out for.

    Becoming an AOR is a significant achievement. What motivated you to take the exam, and what steps did you take to prepare and succeed? How has becoming an AOR enriched your legal practice?

    The AoR exam and the system of representation only through AoRs has a reputation of its own—and rightly so. I found the exam to be tough, mostly because you need to know the procedural aspects of law inside out, and it requires you to write longhand answers, which we are not used to any more after college. 

    What pushed me was the desire to have a separate identity at the Bar. As a first-generation lawyer, becoming an AoR felt like a major personal and professional milestone. Initially, as I was slowly getting familiar with the practice at the Supreme Court, I realized that being enrolled as an AoR would be a good value addition to my career and would give me a foothold towards perhaps setting up my own practice in the future. 

    The preparation for the AoR exam takes time so you must be consistent towards digesting the mandatory reading material, including study several landmark judgments which are part of the exam syllabus. However, I liked the process of preparation as it makes you pause and revisit several fundamental concepts, particularly for understanding procedural law and constitutional law principles, which are often missed out in the humdrum of day-to-day practice. It also helps in being updated with the recent developments in several topics of law.

    Since qualifying, I have noticed a positive difference in how clients and colleagues perceive my work and me as a lawyer, which is very encouraging.

    Can you discuss your experience of appearing and arguing before the Supreme Court in a case where the Court directed the CBI to place before it an action plan to probe the nexus between banks and real estate developers? What were the key legal challenges, and how does this ruling impact the protection of innocent homebuyers?

    This litigation battle started during the pandemic in 2020, when homebuyers were facing a double-edged sword: while the builders were delaying the delivery of units on time, and the banks were also aggressively trying to recover against the home-loan amounts. The homebuyers were faced with a very peculiar situation that although the banks had disbursed more than 70% of the sanctioned loan amount directly to the real estate builders, and progress in construction of the projects was barely significant. This left the homebuyers in a situation where they do not have their homes (and often paying rent for their current accommodation) and also having to repay the EMIs of their home loans. 

    We first approached the Delhi High Court, which granted interim relief in early 2022 but ultimately, we lost the battle before the Delhi High Court. Later, the litigation reached the Supreme Court in 2023 after the High Court dismissed the petitions and the SC not only extended the protection but also rightly appreciated the issue and ordered the CBI to investigate the possible builder-bank nexus.

    The biggest challenge was to highlight that this was not just a legal issue—it was a human one as thousands of families were suffering. Thankfully, the Court took a balanced view. It did not rush to conclusions but made it clear that if any wrongdoing is found, action would be taken against the builders and the concerned banks. For the homebuyers, this was a huge moment—they finally felt like their voices were actually heard.

    With your diverse experience across various legal sectors and your practice at the Supreme Court, what advice would you give to aspiring lawyers who wish to specialize in these fields? What skills or personal traits do you believe are critical for success in the legal profession?

    My biggest piece of advice would be that do not compare your journey with others. Everyone has their own pace, and there is no single “right” way to succeed in this profession. I believe that one must stay honest, work hard, and be patient. Also in the early years, try exploring different areas of law. That experience will help you figure out where your strengths and interests lie. Lastly, never stop learning—every case file, every court hearing and every client interaction teaches you something new and you should embrace it with open arms.

    Throughout your distinguished career, how have you managed to maintain a healthy work-life balance? What advice would you offer to others trying to balance their professional goals with personal responsibilities?

    Balancing work and life in this profession is tricky—it is easy to let work take over everything. For me, weekends and short breaks have been very important in unwinding—whether it is catching up with family, taking a short trip, or just disconnecting for a bit. Apart from all that, what keeps me motivated of late is maintaining a fit and healthy lifestyle, and now I have been an amateur long-distance runner for the past couple of years.

    My advice to others would be that do not wait for a “perfect” time to take a break. Start small—an evening off, a Sunday without work, a mid-week chilling session with college friends—and build from there. Over time, it makes a big positive difference in your overall personality.

    Get in touch with Akshay Srivastava –

  • “Master your craft, stay updated with  evolving jurisprudence, and above all, uphold the integrity of the legal profession.” – S. Ismail Zabiulla, Additional Advocate General Government of Karnataka at High Court of Karnataka.

    “Master your craft, stay updated with  evolving jurisprudence, and above all, uphold the integrity of the legal profession.” – S. Ismail Zabiulla, Additional Advocate General Government of Karnataka at High Court of Karnataka.

    This interview has been published by Anshi Mudgal and The SuperLawyer Team

    With almost two decades of experience in law, what inspired you to pursue  this profession, especially considering your background in an agricultural  family? Could you share your law school experience and how it shaped  your path in the legal field?  

    My journey into law was driven by a combination of personal ambition, resilience, and the  unwavering support of my family. Coming from an agricultural background, legal studies were  not a conventional path in my family. However, after facing setbacks in my early academic  pursuits—particularly in my 12th-grade science exams—I took it upon myself to carve a new  path. The decision to study law was not one of convenience but of deep-seated aspiration,  coupled with an innate sense of justice and advocacy.  

    Being the first in my family to enter the legal profession required me to step out of my comfort  zone. I left my rural hometown and moved to Bengaluru, where I pursued my law degree at  Al-Ameen College of Law. My time at law school was transformative; it provided not only  theoretical legal knowledge but also practical exposure that helped me understand the  intricacies of the judicial system. Through academic rigor, moot courts, legal aid camps, and  interactions with seasoned advocates, I developed a strong foundation in jurisprudence,  constitutional principles, and litigation strategies.  

    More importantly, law school instilled in me a sense of discipline and perseverance—qualities  that have been instrumental in shaping my career. The experience taught me that law is not  merely about statutes and case law but about understanding human rights, justice, and  the profound impact that legal decisions have on society. This realization further fueled my  passion for the profession and set me on a path of continuous learning and advocacy.  

    How did your early years in practice shape your approach to law? Having  worked in esteemed roles, such as with ARK Usmani & Associates, KN  Subba Reddy & Vivek Subba Reddy Associates, and the Government of  Karnataka, how did each position contribute to the development of your  legal expertise?  

    The early years of my legal career were instrumental in shaping my approach to law. I firmly  believe that the foundation of a successful legal practitioner lies in practical experience,  mentorship, and an unwavering commitment to learning.  

    I began my legal journey at an early stage, immersing myself in internships, drafting,  pleadings, and court procedures. Under the guidance of seasoned advocates at ARK  Usmani & Associates, I learned the fundamentals of litigation, client counseling, and legal  documentation. This experience provided me with firsthand exposure to the nuances of civil and  criminal law, including how to build strong legal arguments and navigate complex case laws. 

    Working with KN Subba Reddy & Vivek Subba Reddy Associates further honed my litigation  skills, particularly in high-stakes matters. Here, I developed a deeper understanding of  procedural laws, cross-examinations, and trial advocacy, all of which proved invaluable in  my subsequent roles.  

    My tenure with the Government of Karnataka marked a significant transition, as I shifted from  private practice to public law. This role allowed me to understand the workings of the  government, its legal framework, and the intersection between public policy and the judiciary.  Engaging in government litigation, regulatory compliance, and policy interpretation  broadened my perspective and helped me refine my expertise in constitutional and  administrative law.  

    Each position I held played a crucial role in shaping my professional identity. They collectively  reinforced my commitment to justice, legal precision, and ethical advocacy, ultimately  guiding me toward a distinguished career in public service and independent practice.  

    With your experience across areas like Constitutional Law, Civil Law, Criminal Law, Corporate & Banking Law, and more, what was your experience like working as the Central Government Counsel at the High  Court of Karnataka from 2015 to 2019? Could you share some key lessons  or challenges faced during that period?  

    Serving as Central Government Counsel at the High Court of Karnataka from 2015 to 2019  was one of the most intellectually stimulating and professionally enriching phases of my career.  Representing the Union of India (UOI) in complex legal matters required an in-depth  understanding of constitutional provisions, statutory interpretations, and public policy  frameworks.  

    One of the most significant aspects of this role was understanding and advocating for the  government’s standpoint behind legislative actions and administrative decisions.  Government litigation is unique because it does not only involve individual disputes but often  concerns matters of public interest, governance, and national policy implementation. This  role deepened my understanding of quasi-federalism, the intricate relationship between the  Union and State governments, and the legal disputes that arise between them.

    Key lessons from this period include:  

    1. Strategic Litigation & Policy Advocacy – Representing the government requires not  just legal knowledge but also strategic thinking. I had to ensure that legal arguments  aligned with the broader policy framework of the Central Government. 

    2. Balancing Judicial Review & Governmental Authority – A major challenge in  government litigation is navigating cases where government policies are challenged  under judicial review. Balancing the principles of legislative intent, constitutional  validity, and public welfare was a crucial aspect of my role. 

    3. High-Stakes Litigation – Many cases I handled involved issues of constitutional  interpretation, statutory challenges, and administrative law disputes. These  matters required meticulous research and well-articulated legal submissions.  

    Overall, my tenure as Central Government Counsel provided me with a macro-level perspective on governance, public administration, and the critical role of legal professionals in  shaping public policy through judicial processes.  

    As the Additional Advocate General for the Government of Karnataka,  you’ve likely handled diverse cases. Which case has been the most  rewarding for you in this role, and what strategies did you employ to  manage such a complex matter?  

    Every case assigned to me by the Advocate General of Karnataka has carried its own significance and set of challenges. As Additional Advocate General, I have had the privilege of handling cases that impact public policy, constitutional interpretation, and fundamental rights.  

    One of the most rewarding aspects of this role has been the opportunity to argue cases that  directly influence governance and legislative frameworks. Whether it involves challenges to  state policies, high-value litigation, or cases concerning the rights of citizens, each matter  requires a strategic, well-researched, and legally sound approach.  

    My strategy in managing complex cases is based on the following principles:  

    1. In-Depth Legal Research – Every case demands an exhaustive understanding of  relevant precedents, legislative intent, and judicial interpretations. Research forms the  foundation of any successful litigation.  

    2. Calm & Composed Advocacy – Courtroom advocacy requires not just legal acumen  but also the ability to present arguments persuasively, counter opposing counsel  effectively, and maintain composure under intense judicial scrutiny.  

    3. Team Collaboration & Case Management – Handling government litigation requires a  coordinated approach. I work closely with government departments, legal teams, and  policy advisors to ensure comprehensive representation. 

    4. Strict Adherence to Legal Ethics – As a legal representative of the government, I  uphold the highest ethical standards, ensuring that justice is served while  safeguarding the interests of the state.  

    In summary, each case I handle is a learning experience, a test of legal acumen, and an  opportunity to contribute to the legal system in a meaningful way.  

    Final Words  

    Law is not just a profession—it is a responsibility, a commitment to justice, and a continuous  journey of learning. Throughout my career, I have learned that perseverance, dedication, and  ethical advocacy are the hallmarks of a successful lawyer.  

    For aspiring legal professionals, I always emphasize: “Master your craft, stay updated with  evolving jurisprudence, and above all, uphold the integrity of the legal profession.”    

    I Would like to thank my colleague Advocate Mohammed Nawaz Shariff, for his valuable  assistance rendered in completion of the interview.

    Get in touch with S. Ismail Zabiulla –