Can you share what initially inspired you to pursue a career in law, especially coming from a remote rural area in Bihar? Who showed you this career path of Law? Please allow us to walk through your journey.
Right from the very beginning, i.e. primary school days, I used to read that most of the freedom fighters, politicians and ministers were lawyers. This fact developed thinking inside my mind that lawyers are tools of social change in society. Observing my surroundings, where there are prevalent economic and social inequalities, I always wished to be a tool for social change. Though initially, I tried social upliftment in the village through arranging plays, cleanliness drives and free tuition after passing intermediate examinations, I decided to choose law as a profession so that my passion could also be fulfilled.
Transitioning from a Hindi medium school to studying law in English must have been challenging. How did you overcome these hurdles, and what advice would you give to students in similar situations?
Transitioning from Hindi Medium to English was the biggest challenge. Initially in school, I learnt translations from books, but later I chose more convenient ways to learn English by listening to Hindi and English news broadcasts respectively. Hindi and English broadcasts of BBC, DW (Deutsche Welle) and All India Radio on short waves helped me to a greater extent. Later in college, I used both Hindi and English medium books to study, however I used to write examinations in English. Watching English movies with subtitles also helped me in gaining vocabulary. After joining the courts, reading judgments regularly improved my English.
Young students who are in similar situations are advised to read lots and lots of bilingual study materials and switch to English gradually. In the current times, knowledge of the English Language is a must for success at least in Supreme Court and High Courts. However, no one should feel shy in trying even if he/she feels that his English is not perfect. Even today, after almost a decade of law practice, sometimes I fail to find or remember exact English words for feelings that I wish to express to Court or somewhere else. So the most important part is to keep trying and to remember that none of the Indians speak English as their mother tongue and they all have learnt English sooner or later as a second language only.
You have an extensive background working with legal stalwarts like Mr. K. K. Venugopal and Mr. Kapil Sibal. What are some key learnings you gained from these experiences?
Briefing legal stalwarts like Mr. K. K. Venugopal and Mr. Kapil Sibal are insightful. I have briefed them on many occasions in my independent matters. The biggest learning from briefing them is, to hear briefs patiently and carefully. Even though they are themselves an authority on some legal subject matters, but then also they take briefings very patiently and accommodate the viewpoints of juniors. In one of the matters wherein interpretation of the MMDR Act was involved, Mr. K. K. Venugopal, who was the Attorney General of India, had many detailed discussions with me as assisting counsel before giving the final Written Opinion to the State of Chhattisgarh.
Since shifting your focus to the Supreme Court in 2016, how has your approach to handling cases evolved, and what unique challenges have you encountered?
After shifting practice in the Supreme Court, my approach has remained simple and steady. I never draft unnecessary bulky briefs and have never tried to mislead the Hon’ble Court or the opposite party. In the beginning years, my focal point of briefs was scattered but with experience, gradually, I have learnt to pinpoint the main legal issues involved in a case, so that the Hon’ble Court may not waste valuable judicial time in finding legal issues in a brief.
The most unique challenge I have faced in the Supreme Court is the unbalanced approach of Hon’ble Benches in hearing cases that are led by Senior Advocates and Advocates. There is a general tendency among Judges that if a matter is represented by relatively young counsel, it must not be an important matter. Some benches even get angry and try to dissuade them from appearing in the Supreme Court threatening with costs.
You have been involved in various public interest litigations aimed at improving the judicial system. Can you discuss a specific PIL you worked on and its impact on society?
I remained part of many PILs. However, the most important PIL was ‘Youth Bar Association of India V Union of India’ reported in (2016) 9 SCC 473 wherein the Hon’ble Supreme Court was pleased to direct all states and Union Territories to upload a copy of FIR on respective websites within 24 hours of its registration. This judgment had a huge impact on the administration of justice. Earlier, common citizens were not able to get copies of FIR even after many attempts, now it can be obtained through some clicks online. In one of PIL ‘Manohar Pratap V Union of India’ W.P. (C) No. 780 of 2019, I raised issues of the deaths of hundreds of children in Bihar due to Encephalitis. The Hon’ble Supreme Court took a serious view in the matter and in reply filed by the State of Bihar, it was found that there is a complete lack of medical services in Bihar. Later the matter was disposed of with liberty to approach the High Court of Patna.
During your tenure as Deputy Advocate General for the State of Chhattisgarh, what were some significant cases you handled, and what did this role teach you about state-level legal issues?
During my tenure as Deputy Advocate General, most of the matters handled by me were related to the MMDR Act and NGT Act. There are no such remarkable judgments to point out, however representing the state I learned about the stage-wise implementation of policies, and lacunas in State machinery leading to non-implementation of judgments.
As a staunch supporter of mediation in matrimonial cases, how do you see mediation contributing to a more efficient and humane judicial process?
Mediation is an important tool for resolving disputes. From my personal experience, I found that there is a 50% success rate for resolving disputes through mediation, which is much better than dragging cases for years.
As a staunch supporter of mediation in matrimonial cases, how do you see mediation contributing to a more efficient and humane judicial process? Can you elaborate on its effectiveness in resolving disputes compared to traditional litigation?
Most mediations are in matrimonial disputes arising from transfer petitions. I don’t do adversarial litigation in matrimonial disputes and always try to find an amicable solution through the help of mediators from the Supreme Court Legal Services Committee. Meditations in matrimonial disputes are completely averse to traditional litigation. When parties in matrimonial disputes go to Courts in traditional hearings, they develop animosity against each other which further deteriorates their relationship, and litigation keeps going on for years and years. However, in Mediation, when parties sit face to face in the presence of a mediator, with the comfort that their words cannot be used against each other in a Court of law, they open up and issues are generally resolved in 1 to 3 hearings. Which saves a lot of judicial time.
Outside of your legal practice, what personal hobbies or interests do you pursue, and how do they help you maintain a work-life balance?
Outside my legal practice, I am a pet lover and I like to travel to serene places. I am a good swimmer. In my free time, I watch a lot of documentaries based on various social and other issues around the world.
Looking ahead, what are your goals for your independent practice, and how do you plan to continue contributing to the legal field and society at large?
My goal in independent practice is to keep gradually rising and make space among already established names in the Supreme Court. For my contribution to society, I do many pro bono cases, mostly for persons in custody. All the matters that I argue in the Supreme Court are aimed towards strengthening the civil liberties and rights of common citizens. I believe that every advocate owes a duty to challenge arbitrary actions of Govts. which are aimed towards curtailing liberty in any manner.
You have a distinguished career as an Advocate-on-Record at the Supreme Court of India. Could you share with us how you began your journey in law? And your father, Late Sankar Ghose, was a Senior Advocate at the Supreme Court of India. How did his career influence your decision to enter the legal field, and what lessons did you learn from him?
I was always interested in studying law coming from a family of lawyers. I graduated in Political. Science (Hons ) from Delhi University wherein I studied the Indian Constitution, international relations and other allied subjects and in my third year I had participated in model Parliament organized by the Delhi University and all these factors reinforced my desire to pursue a 3 year LLB course from the Faculty of law, Delhi University (1988 -1991 batch). Thereafter I had wanted to pursue LLM in international law, as my first love was to pursue a career in academia and research however the same didn’t materialize and my father motivated me to join the legal profession as a practicing lawyer. He felt that I had good communication skills. He also emphasized there was ample scope for research while studying a question of law in a case, the lawyers needs to have clear understanding of law, conduct legal research to support the client’s case and stay updated with recent judgements, laws and give his client the most appropriate advice in a particular situation.
After I graduated in Law for a year I worked with M/s Khaitan & Company, Delhi appearing in their Delhi High Court matters ( mostly of Civil nature) and also also drafting related documents and also conducted a few admission/denials. My father always insisted before one finally steps into the Apex Court work one must learn the original side work and conduct trials and master the Code of Civil Procedure .
I joined the legal profession in September 1991 and I passed the Advocate on Record Examination in 1997 in the first attempt. My father was suffering from Prostate cancer from the year 1996 and I lost him in February 1998.
I had an opportunity many a times to work with my father while attending his chamber , I researched on various questions of law and I also drafted notes of Arguments and I learnt from him how to improve upon them and make them more precise. This itself was a great learning experience.
You have been on the panel of the Supreme Court Legal Services Committee, often dealing with criminal and matrimonial matters, and have served as Amicus Curiae. How do these roles contribute to the legal system, and what impact do you believe your work has on the lives of individuals seeking justice? Additionally, what drives your commitment to pro bono work, and how do you choose the cases you take on?
I being a Panel Counsel of the Supreme Court Legal Services Committee ( SCLSC) and Amicus Curiae get an opportunity to provide legal services to the less fortunate people in the society this stems from my belief nobody should be deprived to represent himself or herself through a lawyer irrespective of his or her social status and justice is accessible to all. I also feel by doing pro bono work I am able to give back to society. The legal profession is not just about earning big money but I think we lawyers have a duty to make citizens, the less fortunate ones aware of their legal rights and also protect them from being exploited .
I have dealt with many criminal matters being in the above two panels, in one of my cases the appellant had already undergone more than 21 years incarceration and I had prayed he should be released on sympathetical considerations. The Apex Court observed since the appellant has undergone such a long period in custody, he may apply for remission as per the policy of the Government in vogue and further directed that even in case, the appellant was not able to make any application for remission, the State was obliged to consider this aspect in accordance with the policy of the State. The Apex Court dismissed the Appeal with the above observations(Criminal Appeal No(s). 1681/2013 PANKA VIZ PANKU(s) VERSUS THE STATE OF CHHATTISGARH decided on 08. 05.2024). I feel the above observations would be a great help to the accused. In certain criminal matters
I also had an opportunity to work on matrimonial matters and civil matters bring on the panel of SCLSC panel ,I had an opportunity to draft many transfer petitions for wifes and got their matrimonial matters transferred from one state to another ,these days in some cases the wives are working and well paced , it was not easy to get their matter transferred but one has to convince the Court that the wife is facing genuine difficulties only then one succeeds in getting a transfer.
I have represented a few clients before the Supreme Court Mediation Cell where some cases involving matrimonial disputes, and other civil disputes were referred to Mediation Cell by the Judges of Apex Court wherein we the lawyers from both sides had an opportunity to make the parties sit under one platform under the guidance of mediators and impressed upon them that where a child was involved in the well being of their child they should live together, were we failed to convince the parties to live together, the mediator‘s impressed upon them that instead of filing contentious cases against each other they should resolves all their disputes and part amicably. In some cases the meditators was able to prevent custody battles amongst parents and worked out a shared custody of the child and sharing of expenses for the child, in some cases where the wife was not working, the meditators worked out a lump sum alimony for the wife and child and visitation rights for the father of the child. I feel we lawyers should always give the correct and appropriate advice to our clients and if there is a possibility of out of court settlement we should encourage the same as that it would be beneficial for the client, our legal system, save costs and not unnecessarily prolong litigation.
What do you consider the most important qualities and skills that a successful lawyer should possess today? What advice would you give to the new generation of lawyers to help them excel in the field of law? Are there any specific skills or strategies you believe are essential for success in today’s legal landscape?
To be a successful lawyer one must possess excellent communication skills, analytical skills, argue with persuasiveness before the Court of Law, which can be learned and developed by appearing in various cases and watching and observing seniors argue cases. A lawyer should not always take the paths of the precedents but should be creative and possess the ability to think out of the box to reach the best possible solution.
I feel a newcomer after law school if he opts for litigation, he should either join a lawyer with 10-15 years of experience who has a lot of work, or with a government lawyer, or litigation law firm. I also advice law students during their five year law course to do varied internships like work with a NGO, work with a litigation law firm or corporate law field (whichever field they wish to choose) and make informed career choices.
In today’s time Lawyers have to stay updated with all legal developments, changes in law and be techno savvy.
Given your broad experience across different legal areas, how do you incorporate interdisciplinary approaches in your cases, especially in complex matters that intersect with economics, sociology, or technology? And how do you manage to stay updated and proficient in such diverse fields of law?
My broad expertise developed through years of studying and practicing law across different domains. I was also an empanelled ‘B’ counsel of Union of India, Supreme Court from 30.9.2009 to 29.9.2014 wherein I had the opportunity to draft, appear and brief law officers and Senior Counsel in matters relating to direct and indirect taxation, Land Acquisition matters, Defence matters/ Military matters, Service matters, Matters relating to Railway, Trade Mark n Matters, Arbitration matters.
I am also in the panel of PSU’s, wherein I had an opportunity to work on cases involving disputes arising out of Construction Contracts and therein we took assistance of engineers to understand the technicalities of the Construction Contracts . These disputes were often referred to Arbitral Tribunal.The composition of an arbitral tribunal may involve each of the claimant(s) and the respondent(s) appointing one member each while the two so appointed, nominate the presiding arbitrator. In such a situation, government agencies could consider nominating a technical member on the arbitral tribunal so that the tribunal is not required to seek external expert assistance on matters of technicalities
I find the diversity of legal issues fascinating. The intersection of law with other disciplines such as economics, sociology, business, finance, technology etc., are becoming increasingly dominant. We lawyers have to possess interdisciplinary skills and must sometimes work as a team of varied professionals depending on the nature of legal work to provide the best possible solution to complex legal issues.
Balancing a demanding career and personal life can be challenging. How do you manage to maintain this balance, and what hobbies or interests do you pursue to unwind?
I think it is very important to balance professional and personal life, after becoming an advocate on Record I embarked upon my Independent Practice, it was initially very challenging to ensure inflow of regular work to my office, to continuously follow up payments and ensure all establishment costs are made.
However having a home office had its own advantages as I had a growing daughter, it was easier to manage home, work and spend quality time with her. Since the year 2019 I have a chamber in the Supreme Court, now my daughter is now a working professional, I can afford to spend more time in my Supreme Court Chambers.
I don’t get much time to pursue my hobbies but I am fond of traveling, photography, and listening to good music .
With the increasing integration of technology in the legal field, such as virtual courtrooms and AI-driven legal research, how do you see technology reshaping the practice of law?
Technology is a boon, every lawyer needs to embrace technology in today’s era and as the same helps in enhancing efficiency of lawyers. Legal Tech provides lawyers with instant access to vast databases of legal information and facilitates faster and enables lawyers to find relevant precedents, analyze legal issues, and develop stronger arguments.
When this COVID pandemic arrived, the Indian courts adopted this new system of digitalization. Virtual hearings were introduced which have multifarious advantages The above system has introduced e filing. Physical hearings continue side by side. Lawyers and parties spread across different states, and even countries, can file cases and argue their case from the comfort of their home. Many Courts in India launched a digital platform to ensure that all its orders are available online with digital signatures free of cost for the lawyers and litigants. This provides the dual benefits of cost and time saving. We hope the digitalization of Courts in India will help to clear the backlog of cases.
As someone who has worked under distinguished legal minds like Late Dipankar Gupta and in firms like Orr, Dignam and Co., how important do you think mentorship is in the legal profession? Also could you please share how these work experiences helped you in nurturing your legal knowledge and expertise?
My mentors and seniors have not merely made an impact on my approach to practicing law, they have all shaped me into the lawyer and the person I am today. My father Late Sankar Ghose Senior Advocate was my first mentor who imbibed in me the love for litigation and court craft. I worked in the office of Mr. Late Dipankar Gupta Senior Advocate when he was the Solicitor General of India for a year. I learnt to work on Government Briefs. I learnt how a person of his stature prepares for matters, deals with the pressure, the adulation and the criticism, and keeps the dignity of the Court and the need of the matter at the forefront.
I had an opportunity to work with the law firm, ”Orr Dignam & Company (Solicitors and Advocates law firm“ from the year 1995 to 1997 when Rahul Dave, Advocate on Record had taken over the Delhi office it was a growing law firm with three partners and six associates. I got better opportunities to learn and work on matters independently as it was an upcoming law firm. I was looking after their Supreme Court matters, drafting SLPs, TP.s and Writ petitions and also argued matters before the Apex Court and briefed Senior Counsels. I got an opportunity to extensively work on Civil, Taxation, indirect taxation Arbitration matters contractual and criminal matters. I also got an opportunity to appear in various other forums like Consumer courts, Company law Tribunal, Delhi High and also have drafted matters to be filed in these forums.
The partners in the firm were encouraging towards each of their associates. Since I was regularly doing their Supreme Court work involving myself in the process, right from researching to preparation to drafting to filing, listing and arguing the matter, all this severed as a ground work for preparation for my Advocate on Record exam. Thereafter, I cleared my Advocate on Record exam in the year 1997 in the first attempt and embarked upon my independent practice
You have been in the legal profession for over three decades. Can you share the ups and downs you experienced while establishing yourself, especially considering the challenges of your times? Additionally, please provide some unique insights on the learning and evolution of the legal landscape from when you started to the present day.
My initial years of practice was all about learning, seizing each and every opportunity that came my way wholeheartedly. I never said no to any case be it a corporate client or a less fortunate client (pro bono cases ) as I felt no case is big or small, as every case provided an unique learning opportunity and makes one grow immensely. Similarly I was open to learning all branches of law be it civil, contractual, taxation, arbitration, rent cases, service, criminal etc., on whatever I got an opportunity to lay my hands on and consequently I emerged a an general practitioner which greatly helped me in my practice as an Advocate on Record of the Supreme Court of India.
One of the biggest challenges was passing my Advocate on Record Examination in the first attempt in the year 1997 while I was working in a law firm and my daughter was only 3 years old. After becoming an Advocate on record I had an inflow of some basic works like Transfer Petitions, Service Matters, Land Acquisition matters, Indirect Taxation , Rent matters, Arbitration matters and Criminal matters.
I also managed to get some work from the lawyers in Calcutta High Court, even if a drafted SLP had come to my office I always went through the drafting and ensured the every matter which is filed through my office is drafted in a language appropriate with the Court norms. I have also drafted many special leave petitions, transfer petitions and writ Petitions, argued many matters independently and briefed Senior Counsels as and when required. Sometimes I appeared and argued as an AOR on cases involving a pure question of law which involved extensive research . One such case of the Apex Court being State of West Bengal vs Sarkar & Sarkar being CIVIL APPEAL NO.5939 OF 2007 decided on 19th April 2017 where I argued and got a verdict in favor of my client.
In another public interest litigation which I filed ‘SAYAN MUKHERJEE vs. THE PRINCIPAL SECRETARY TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR OF WEST BENGAL Diary No.- 12854 – 2024‘ challenging the inaction on the part of the West Bengal Governor Dr C.V. Ananda Bose in giving assent to the West Bengal Universities (Amendment) Bill 2022, which was passed by the State legislature in June 2022, the Apex Court on 22nd April 2024 issued notice and has sought a response from the Principal Secretary to the Governor of West Bengal, the Union as well as the Principal Secretary of the Department of Higher Education in this regard.
Along with my AOR practice in the Apex Court I continued my practice in other forums like Delhi High Court, consumer courts, district Courts, Debt recovery Tribunal etc. I never got any clients from my father as he being Senior Advocate, never entertained litigants directly. I also had to build my law practice from scratch and my journey is full of high and lows and when I was able to get justice for my client, I was happy but at the same time I learnt from every mistake I made.
Could you please share with us the journey of how you found inspiration to pursue law, followed by your decision to delve into Company Secretaryship, and then continuing your education for Doctor of Laws with a focus on taxation? What motivated these transitions and how do you believe they have contributed to your expertise in the field today?
My journey into law was inspired by my family’s long-standing legacy in the legal profession. Growing up in a household where legal discussions were a part of everyday life, I developed a natural inclination towards the field. After completing my BA LLB (Hons.) from the University of Rajasthan, I realized the importance of understanding corporate governance, which led me to pursue Company Secretaryship from the Institute of Company Secretaries of India. This qualification provided me with a deep insight into corporate laws and practices, complementing my legal knowledge.
My interest in taxation, particularly GST, emerged from the evolving economic landscape in India and the significant impact of tax laws on businesses. Pursuing an LL.M in Commercial Law from the University of Bristol and later a Doctor of Laws with a focus on GST from JECRC University, allowed me to specialize in this area. These educational transitions were driven by a desire to build a comprehensive understanding of the legal and corporate world, which I believe has been instrumental in my role as a Managing Partner at KSV TAX CONSULTANTS, enabling me to provide holistic and informed advice to our clients.
As the Managing Partner at KSV TAX CONSULTANTS, you oversee various aspects of the firm’s operations. Could you share with us some key strategies or initiatives you’ve implemented to foster growth and maintain the firm’s competitive edge in the field of taxation?
When I took over as Managing Partner, my primary focus was on consolidating and expanding our services. One key strategy was to integrate all our legal services under the KSV banner, which provided a unified identity and streamlined our operations. We also expanded our reach beyond our traditional geographic limits, establishing a presence among international clientele such as Japanese, UK, US, and UAE.
Collaborating with firms that specialize in areas beyond our core competencies allowed us to offer a comprehensive suite of services to our clients. Additionally, we emphasize continuous learning and pro bono training, especially on GST, to ensure that our team and clients are well-informed and compliant with the latest regulations. Our high success ratio and strong market reputation are testaments to these initiatives.
As a lead speaker on GST, you’ve had the opportunity to educate and inform many. What do you believe are the most common misconceptions people have about GST, and how do you address them?
One of the most common misconceptions about GST is that it is overly complex and burdensome for businesses. Many people believe that complying with GST regulations requires excessive paperwork and frequent changes to their accounting systems. To address these concerns, we focus on educating our clients and the public about the long-term benefits of GST, such as one nation one tax, improved tax compliance, elimination of cascading taxes and most importantly eradication of non-compliant players in the market.
We also conduct training sessions to simplify the GST framework, providing practical examples and hands-on guidance to help businesses transition smoothly. By breaking down the complexities and demonstrating the operational advantages of GST, we aim to dispel myths and build confidence in the system.
Having appeared multiple times on CNN News 18 for live talks on GST, what do you believe are the most pressing issues or developments in the realm of taxation that the general public should be more aware of?
One pressing issue in the realm of taxation is the need for greater awareness and understanding of the dynamic nature of tax laws, particularly GST. The general public should be aware of the frequent updates and amendments to tax regulations, which can significantly impact their businesses and personal finances.
Another critical development is the increasing focus on digital taxation and compliance. As the economy becomes more digitized, understanding the implications of digital transactions and e-commerce on taxation is crucial. I also emphasize the importance of proactive tax planning and compliance to avoid legal complications and penalties. By staying informed and adapting to these changes, individuals and businesses can navigate the tax landscape more effectively.
Your dissertation on the success of mergers and acquisitions offers a unique perspective. How do you see the legal landscape evolving in facilitating such transactions, particularly in light of global economic shifts?
The legal landscape for mergers and acquisitions is becoming increasingly complex and dynamic, influenced by global economic shifts and regulatory changes. One significant trend is the emphasis on due diligence and compliance, ensuring that transactions are transparent and meet all legal requirements.
With globalization, cross-border mergers and acquisitions are becoming more common, necessitating a thorough understanding of international laws and regulations. The rise of technology and digital platforms is also transforming the way these transactions are conducted, making the process more efficient but also more susceptible to cybersecurity risks.
To facilitate successful mergers and acquisitions, it is crucial for legal professionals to stay updated with global economic trends, regulatory changes, and technological advancements. This proactive approach helps in anticipating challenges and navigating the complexities of such transactions effectively.
What do you believe are the key factors contributing to the success and recognition of KSV Tax Consultants on a global scale?
Several key factors have contributed to the success and global recognition of KSV Tax Consultants. Firstly, our long-standing legacy of over seven decades has established a strong foundation of trust and reliability in the market. This legacy has been a cornerstone, providing us with a solid reputation built by my grandfather and father.
Secondly, my strategic vision in expanding the firm’s services both nationally and internationally has significantly broadened our client base. By extending our reach beyond traditional geographic boundaries and establishing a presence in key international markets, we’ve been able to serve a diverse range of clients. Additionally, our focus on comprehensive service delivery, through strategic partnerships and a 360-degree service model, has set us apart from our competitors. This approach allows us to provide a full spectrum of legal and financial services, tailored to meet the unique needs of each client.
Furthermore, my emphasis on continuous learning and professional development has ensured that our team stays at the forefront of the latest legal and tax developments. We regularly engage in training sessions and consultancy services, often provided pro bono, to keep ourselves and our clients well-informed. This proactive approach has reinforced our reputation as a knowledgeable and client-centric firm.
Reflecting on your academic journey, you completed your LL.M at the University of Bristol, known for its excellence in legal education, and subsequently pursued a Doctor of Law at JECRC University. Could you share with us your experiences in both these academic environments, highlighting the insights gained from studying at an international institution like Bristol and how it compared to your experience at an Indian university like JECRC?
Studying at the University of Bristol was a transformative experience. The international exposure and diverse academic environment broadened my perspective on legal issues, particularly in commercial laws. The emphasis on critical thinking, research, and practical applications of law at Bristol equipped me with advanced skills and knowledge that have been invaluable in my professional career.
In contrast, my experience at JECRC University provided me with a deep understanding of the Indian legal framework of GST and its comparative study with Canada, Singapore, New Zealand and Malaysia . The focus on taxation law, especially GST, was particularly relevant given the significant tax reforms in India. The combination of these two academic experiences allowed me to integrate global best practices with local insights, enhancing my ability to address complex legal issues in both domestic and international contexts.
How do you approach mentoring and developing the next generation of tax professionals within your firm?
Mentoring and developing the next generation of tax professionals is a priority at KSV TAX CONSULTANTS. We adopt a structured approach that includes formal training programs, hands-on experience, and continuous learning opportunities.
New recruits undergo comprehensive onboarding training to familiarize them with our firm’s practices and the latest developments in taxation laws. We encourage them to participate in ongoing professional development courses and certifications to enhance their expertise.
Mentorship plays a crucial role in their development. Experienced partners and senior staff provide guidance and support, helping younger professionals navigate complex cases and client interactions. We foster a collaborative environment where knowledge sharing is encouraged, and every team member feels valued and supported.
Additionally, we also organize conferences, seminars, and workshops. These platforms not only expand our team member’s knowledge but also allow them to network with peers and industry leaders, furthering their professional growth.
With the demanding nature of your profession, how do you unwind and recharge outside of work? Could you share some of your favorite ways to relax and rejuvenate?
Exploring different Countries and Cultures;
Love to explore upcoming technology and models in automobiles being an automobile freak.
Love to explore luxury hotels for relaxation
Given your wealth of experience and expertise, what advice or suggestions would you offer to the current generation of aspiring tax professionals and legal scholars navigating the complexities of today’s business and legal landscapes?
Five mantras, “Dedication, Discipline, Honesty, Hard work and Self-confidence”. If you do your task with full confidence and efforts, you will succeed at first stage or next.
How did your journey into law begin? Please walk us through your journey from college to where you are. What were the challenges you faced along the way? And what inspired you to specialize in disputes and commercial litigation?
I hail from a small town, Siliguri in West Bengal and from a business family. While exploring career options after 12th Board exams, I wanted to pursue a career in journalism, given my love for reading and writing. My father however wanted me to study law. He believed in my capability to become a lawyer and nudged me to join ILS Law College, Pune. As luck would have it, I got through the merit list at ILS Pune.
In my initial months in Pune, I was quite intimidated while interacting with students from big cities of India and abroad. In fact, almost 60% of my colleagues were from a background of lawyer/ judge families and civil servants. Albeit, right after the first semester results, I started finding my feet, confidence and good friends.
Throughout college, I aspired to join the fancy corporate law firms and practice corporate laws. In fact, I participated in most mooting events as a researcher and a compiler to hone my corporate drafting skills. I even joined Khaitan & Partners, Delhi in their Banking and Project Finance Team. I had not thought about becoming a litigator.
Initial years of practice is all about being open to learning and working on different aspects and subjects of law. I was also open to learning. In fact, when joined as an associate in LakshmiKumaran & Sridharan, I was a common associate for three teams- Corporate and Regulatory Advisory as well as the Litigation Team. I took up every kind of assignment that three partners in the firm were working on. I dawdled between subjects like FEMA, Legal Metrology, Companies Act, SEBI and at the same time assisted the litigation team. Interestingly, my first two litigation assignments were what sparked my interest and love towards litigation. The first matter was an outstation matter before Gujarat Electricity Commission in Ahmedabad where we secured a landmark favourable order and the second one was a heavily contested banking finance litigation before the Delhi High Court. It was while working on the litigation side that I realised that this was where I belonged.
As an expert in commercial law, white-collar crimes, and insolvency laws, what trends do you foresee shaping the legal landscape in the coming years?
In 2016, there was a major overhaul with the introduction of insolvency code, RERA and the commercial courts act and changes in the arbitration act. It was around this time that the ED- money laundering also started becoming active. It is very interesting how these amendments and legislations have completely changed the face and speed of deciding commercial disputes. These changes being relatively new, they have been developing and updating at an astronomical pace.
I believe earlier, there were mainly three choices of practice- Criminal, Civil and Corporate Law. Over time, commercial law practice has become a homogenous mix of all of the above, since these legislations include criminal prosecution of directors. Commercial laws, especially insolvency laws have blurred the gap between civil/ criminal since they also entail criminal prosecution and even trial for procedural defaults. For instance, corporates and their management are facing civil and criminal prosecution, money laundering and SFIO proceedings in respect of loan default cases, construction default cases and so on. The same companies are also undergoing insolvency. The gap therefore has been bridged.
Courts are also more accessible to business houses as well as individuals since IBC allows individuals to approach the NCLT for every grievance over their claims, without any pecuniary threshold. Homebuyers for instance are more aware of their rights under law, they have become very powerful in exercising their remedies across forums and manipulating insolvency of big corporates. The High Courts and the Supreme Court have also aggressively promoted these changes, as a result, the Tribunals have become powerful. A lot of jurisprudence is being developed at the Tribunal level.
Your educational journey includes both LLB and Company Secretary qualifications. What inspired you to pursue Company Secretaryship alongside your legal career, and how do you believe it has enriched your practice as a lawyer?
While in college, I aspired to become a corporate lawyer and engage with a fancy law firm. I therefore utilised my time after college to pursue Company Secretaries and certain diplomas in business and cyber laws. Any additional degree, especially something as in-depth as Company Secretaries, always adds up to the otherwise textbook knowledge that is gained in college education. In my case, the fundamentals regarding companies compliances, checklist compliances, basics like examining forms under legal provisions to understand the scope of the provision, really helped me gain better understanding of commercial laws. Eventually, it all added up since it helped me do a lot of FEMA, SEBI and Companies advisory work in the early years of my practice. Even now, while examining the role of companies in money laundering matters, I find it helpful to examine the statutory filings from the MCA and check the relevant forms with the registrar of companies.
Beyond your professional achievements, what are some personal interests or hobbies that you’re passionate about?What advice would you give to the current generation looking to pursue a career in law, especially in your specialized areas?
I love reading books on history, fiction, fantasy and recently added genres- mythological fiction. Lately, I have developed a keen interest in reading the Bhagwad Gita by Devdutt Pattnaik. I also take time to travel.
I believe that the habit of casual reading really helps in loving the profession as well. I always advise my younger colleagues to read newspapers. This one habit- not only helps a lawyer keep updated, but subconsciously keeps the curiosity and hunger that is needed in the profession, going.
As opposed to my earlier days, the new generation has it easier on account of law files and entire offices having become digitised, one does not have to carry huge files and journals around, they can read from the comfort of homes, be better prepared because of access to material online. Zoom meetings have made conferences more efficient and less time consuming. With things becoming easier and accessible, the current generation that I have come across, is taking more for granted.
I believe that our legal profession requires tireless first five years and intense hard work, long nights and discipline. I would advise freshers to join the profession with this in mind and thereafter, the legal profession rewards with identity and success that cannot be easily taken away.
Can you share a memorable moment from your career that reinforced your passion for advocating justice?
Recently, the Delhi High Court passed a landmark order, allowing my clients, a group of 250 retired members of the BSF Army, to get possession of their units in a Tower, on as-is-where-is basis from a Company undergoing winding up, instead of them waiting for the liquidator to take steps and then go through the entire payment mechanism under the Companies Act. In doing justice to these set of allottees, the Court exercised its extraordinary jurisdiction in a winding up matter, giving homes to 250 retired persons who had spent most of their life savings for their retirement houses. It has been one of the most fulfilling matters I have done, where not only professionally but personally I have been able to secure justice to ones who deserve.
I started finding my profession immensely fulfilling when people around me- my domestic staff, their neighbours and my neighbours started reaching out to me for legal aid out of hearsay. I became aware of the power and social responsibility attached and it was deeply satisfying to be able to help them. I strongly believe in the wise words of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg- “If you want to be a true professional, do something outside yourself.”
Your work often involves representing various entities before different courts and tribunals. What key differences do you find while representing different courts and tribunals, and could you share some nuances or insights you’ve gained from navigating these diverse legal arenas?
Besides the Supreme Court and the High Court, Delhi also is the headquarters for various Tribunals and quasi-judicial bodies. Each of these Tribunals have their own systems in place, filing procedures, and hearings which are peculiar to such Courts.
As I have said earlier, a great deal of jurisprudence is being developed in Tribunals because the High Courts and Supreme Courts are rigorously promoting the development of law at this stage and have reduced their interference with orders passed by them. The Tribunals also are focussed on a special kind of law. The preparation for matters before Tribunals is vastly different and much more detailed from the higher courts owing to the uniqueness of process and procedure before each Tribunal.
Watching the court proceedings, studying the precedents and views taken by the said Tribunal on a subject before approaching them and enquiring from counsels regularly appearing there does go a long way in addressing them better. Over time, it is good to specialise in a few Courts to sharpen the skills and presence in certain courts and Tribunals.
Transitioning to independent practice can be a significant milestone in a lawyer’s career. Could you share your experience of practicing independently and shed some light on the challenges one might encounter in this path, along with any key insights you’ve gained along the way?
As a young lawyer not having any base or family in Delhi, I had never imagined I would get the chance of starting my independent practice and it looked too far-fetched and incredible. The day I took this decision, it was a mixture of uncertainty, turmoil, self- doubt yet some inner voice giving me strength.
The first year is often easier, because one has no great expectations with oneself, the struggle begins once you have surpassed your own low expectations- to maintain and to grow.
Practising independently is a whole new challenge than working in Chambers and law firms. It is a totally uncharted territory whether it is basic day-to-day administration in running the office, or dealing with clients coupled with the uncertainty of a regular monthly income. The same work that one has been doing while working under someone, when done as an independent practitioner, seems like a lot more challenging as the accountability is much more. I have spent days initially, just wondering what fees to quote for a matter.
As an independent lawyer, the biggest handicap I face is engaging good juniors to join and retaining them. This is because graduates are always aspiring to join big firms with higher remuneration or some other reason. There is high attrition for that reason. I also believe that clients are much more demanding with independent lawyers in terms of deadlines and bargain hard on payments.
Having said this, two things I also credit to the legal fraternity- one that it always gives opportunities to ones who are willing to take on the task and second- I did not face any gender discrimination at least in getting opportunities. By and large, most of the people I have worked with have been extremely encouraging and never fail to put in a good word.
Among the multitude of cases you’ve handled, could you share with us which one stands out as your personal favourite? One that presented significant challenges yet provided a rewarding experience in your career journey?
The most memorable dispute which I hold close to my heart was a family dispute arbitration between Ajanta family. I was relatively young and had no experience of arbitration laws and procedure, much less briefing very strict and seasoned senior advocates like Mr. Dushyant Dave, Mr. Gopal Subramaniam and the likes. This matter was a heavily contested litigation, which led me to frequently travel, helped me learn drafting, filing, carrying out a cross examination, handling contempt matters and conducting overall arbitration. The seniors were very patient and kind to me and even the Ld. Arbitrator, Late Justice RC Lahoti appreciated my work and efforts in the Award.
Given your extensive experience, what qualities do you look for when hiring interns to join your practice, and how do you nurture their growth and development during their time with you?
I look for two main things in new joinees- one is their curiosity and passion to learn and explore the legal subject. The second is the effort they are willing to take to quench their curiosity.
I have learnt that the legal profession is not just for nerds, it is also for the street-smart. Although I belonged to the former category, I greatly admire smart workers as long as they can get the job done.
I always advise my younger colleagues to work with passion, but also have a hobby outside of the office. I also encourage them to have a social network of lawyers, it allows exchange of legal anecdotes, assistance and exchange of information which overall helps in development as a good well informed lawyer.
Could you please tell us about your journey from your early days at DAV Jawahar Vidya Mandir to becoming the Sr. Legal Counsel and Department Head at Maruti Suzuki India Limited? What motivated you to pursue a career in law? Please share your journey from your choosing law as a career to where you have reached today.
During my school days the priority for almost all the parents was to get their children to pursue engineering. The same mindset used to flow down to the children. I was not an exception to it. After my matriculation, opting for science stream was an obvious choice for me. I took up mathematics but thankfully I could not get much clarity on concepts of physics, chemistry and math which allowed me to look for a career beyond engineering. I used to read newspapers and take interest in societal and government affairs, and hence my inclination was towards journalism. However, one fine day my father informed me that one of his colleagues is getting his ward admitted to law. That clicked with me and after a few days I asked my father to explore the possibility of my admission as well. That suddenly changed my track, and I ended up taking law.
Once I started college, I was cognizant that it was the second and the last opportunity for me to build my career and there wouldn’t be any third chance. This resulted in a sense of fear as well. I started exploring options available in the legal profession and resultantly started doing internships. I ended up doing 14 internships during my 5 years stint which gave me exposure to a variety of laws ranging from Competition law, FEMA, IP, SEBI regulations, IT laws etc. However, during 2009 recession hit the globe including India and hardly there were available jobs in the market. Fortunately, Bajaj Allianz agreed for campus recruitment from our college, and I too got an opportunity to face the interview. I got selected which relieved me from the stress of getting a job. But the catch was that I was not aware about the job profile and the place of work, but I was excited to join irrespective of what I will be doing. Just a week before the scheduled date of joining, I was informed that I have to join the Raipur office which was a shock but at the same time I was grateful that at least I didn’t have to wait for a job. At Bajaj Allianz I gained excellent exposure to handle litigations, to appear before courts, to draft petitions etc. I learned CPC, Cr.PC, Evidence to which I never had paid attention during my college days. After 2+ years, in order to move to a bigger city, I looked for a change and I switched to ICICI Lombard at New Delhi. However, though insurance was a new subject for me, I exhausted all opportunities to learn insurance laws and at the same time continued reading the laws of my interest which I had developed during my internships. I got an opportunity to work with a law firm as a litigation counsel but due to internal business rearrangement at the firm, I could not continue for long and I ended up going back to insurance and joined HDFC ERGO General insurance as zonal head. Gradually I developed my team over there and handled various matters at all levels of courts spread across north India. Finally, after spending half a decade, I got an opportunity at Maruti Suzuki where initially I handled litigations which were of similar nature. After a while, I was elevated as Department Head at Maruti Suzuki and my then superior and General Counsel gave me the charge of handling matters and advisories relating to Competition law, Metrology, IBC, Customs and other corporate legal issues. My internship exposure and core interest in corporate laws had driven me to accept the challenge and in fact acted as impetus for me to deliver as well.
As the head of the Dispute Prevention & Advisory team at Maruti Suzuki, what are some of the most complex legal issues you’ve had to address, and how do you prioritize and manage these challenges?
There are many complex legal issues that I am currently dealing with. One area which I consider as a challenge is Customs litigation. Customs law comprises multiple notifications, regulations and exceptions which are very dynamic in nature. So no process or approach, which though being followed in an organization for a long time, can be called the right approach since with one small change in law, the entire process/approach may become redundant. The area was new to me but reading and only reading has helped me to forego the challenges. Priority management is a common challenge for everyone. In such situations, it is important to identify what all things will have a greater impact on the management. Accordingly, priorities are to be set.
How has your experience in a law firm influenced your approach to legal counsel in the corporate environment?
I have gained almost 12 months of law firm experience as an intern and almost similar length of experience in working in a law firm. Though the time period is very short as compared to my overall working experience, it has helped me to understand the psychology of the other side. The law firm experience helps me a lot while partnering with law firms in any matter. I believe such experience gives comfort to both clients as well as law firms and the end result that comes out is in the best interest of the organization.
Having transitioned from the insurance sector, where you worked with companies like Bajaj Allianz, ICICI Lombard, and HDFC ERGO, to now being with Maruti Suzuki in the automobile industry for the past five years, what were the major differences or challenges you faced? How did you adapt your legal strategies to meet the distinct needs of the automobile sector?
In fact there was a three tier transition. From corporate internships in law firms to the insurance sector and then to automobiles. All the transitions were challenging. However, my learnings at the insurance sector gave me the dimension to understand the litigation and procedural laws which is very important for becoming a general counsel. Though there was a sudden shift in industry, it did not trouble me much. Firstly, because I already had exposure to laws I am dealing with at Maruti and I got to know that if the fundamentals in law are clear, it hardly matters as to which industry you are catering to. A bit of more reading will be sufficient to adjust in a new environment. The major difference I faced while moving from the insurance industry to auto is in terms of length and breadth of applicable laws. In the insurance sector, knowing four to five legislations will be sufficient, however in the auto sector more than 1000 legislation is applicable and if you are in a function of dispute prevention then you have to be ready to deal with any issue which will come to your table. The only strategy that works is to have motivation and a go to team which loves reading law. I am fortunate to have team members with a like minded approach.
During your internships with prestigious law firms such as Trilegal, J Sagar Associates, and Nishith Desai Associates, how did these experiences shape your career trajectory? Could you share insights into how you secured these internships and what qualities you believe these firms value most in candidates seeking to intern or work with them?
The internship experiences have contributed a lot to my career. It gave me a horizon to think beyond what is taught in colleges. It gave me the push to keep myself updated on corporate legal affairs which resulted in my developing interest in reading Economic Times since I was in my third year. On securing internships at prestigious law firms, I think my then existing internship and the assignments I had taken up there played a vital role. At law firms like Nishith Desai and Lexygen, I had to face interviews. Since my areas of interests, publication works and assignments undertaken during past internships, as mentioned in my CV, were aligned with the practice area of the law firm, it resulted in my selection. I believe these firms assess your focus area and some evidence in your CV to corroborate with your focus area while selecting the candidate for internship. Error free cover letter/email application and crisp but impactful CV do play a vital role in selection.
Over the years, how have you seen the legal landscape evolve in areas like Competition law, Insolvency & Bankruptcy, and Legal Metrology? What future trends do you foresee?
I believe Competition and Insolvency laws are still in a nascent stage but are evolving fast with time. The recent amendment in Competition law has brought Indian Competition law regime almost at par with global practices. Whereas introduction of Digital Competition Bill shows how India has become futuristic and can lead the world. The stringent provisions as well as recent actions taken by CCI have made the corporates extremely cautious with respect to Competition law compliances. Insolvency law is assisting in revival of struggling corporates however there are various challenges being faced by RPs as well as creditors due to the complex nature of transactions happening in today’s business landscape. There have been frequent amendments and landmark judgments setting right the current law, however I believe that there is a long way to go for a stable legislation on insolvency. Metrology law is somewhat stable with changes being brought in to suit today’s business needs. However, there is a strong need to decriminalize the law completely to prevent the misuse of inspector raj in today’s world.
Outside of your professional life, what personal interests or hobbies do you pursue, and how do they contribute to your overall well-being and effectiveness in your legal career?
After office hours there is hardly any time left to think about hobbies. With a small kid at home, it becomes very difficult to pursue my hobbies. Right now, I have made it my hobby to spend maximum time with my kid which also contributes as a stress buster and keeps me rejuvenated which in turn increases my productivity and focus at work.
What advice would you give to young legal professionals aspiring to reach a senior position in a large organization? What skills and experiences do you believe are crucial for success?
It is very important for young legal professionals to first realize that during the initial phase of professional life there is ample time to learn and enhance skills. Learnings can be enhanced by writing articles/blogs/judgment analysis etc. After identification of any particular area of law, one should write on any trendy issue related to that area of law. Such writing requires deep analysis and research which in turn makes the learning forever. One should then focus on perfectionism i.e. flawless writing skills, whether it is email writing, opinion or any drafting. These initial learnings make a big impact at a later stage of the career. One must understand that at a senior position, you will hardly get time to learn and only the knowledge and skills developed during the initial stage of your career will help in the long run.
Given your extensive experience, are there any innovative approaches or methodologies you’ve adopted in legal practice or dispute resolution that have yielded unexpected successes or efficiencies?
As an in-house counsel, it is very critical to have legal as well as business acumen. While I am a lawyer, I have to be cognizant that I am also part of an organization and hence have adopted an approach which is a blend of legal as well as business skills. As an in-house counsel, one does not deal with clients but stakeholders. With this approach, you will give comfort to your stakeholders and ultimately fulfill the organization’s objective. My approach is to partner with business for fulfillment of the organization’s broad goal. This approach has yielded a good and healthy work atmosphere and gained the trust of stakeholders. Once your stakeholders look up to you for any solution, it gives immense satisfaction.
Your parents had distinguished careers, with your father being a banker and your mother an esteemed lecturer and poet. How did their careers and your early life in Madras and Bangalore influence your path to law?
Having a banker father and a lecturer and poet mother created a unique blend of influences that led me on a path to law. From my father I learnt the importance of strategic thinking and perhaps an understanding of dealing with clients. It is on account of my mother that I developed a love for language and reading, as also appreciation for the power of words, all of which are valuable assets in the legal profession.The ability to communicate effectively, analyse complex texts and craft persuasive arguments are all essential skills for a lawyer. Additionally, growing up in a household with diverse interests and perspectives helped foster a well rounded approach to problem solving and decision making, which are also invaluable traits in the legal field. Overall, the combination of influences from both parents provided a solid foundation for pursuing a career in law.
You had a diverse educational background, studying at various institutions across India. Can you share some pivotal moments from your time at Don Bosco Boys’ High School and Bishop Cotton Boys’ High School that shaped your future career?
Both Don Bosco Boys’ High School and Bishop Cottons Boys’ High School laid emphasis on the development of the whole person, integrating intellectual, physical, social, and spiritual dimensions, and the importance of values like kindness, respect, honesty, and responsibility. They also fostered traits such as integrity, perseverance, and leadership through various activities and mentoring, encouraging a spirit of service and compassion towards others, especially those in need.
After obtaining a BSc. in Microbiology, you pursued an LLB degree from Kerala University. What motivated this shift from science to law, and how did your scientific background benefit your legal studies and career?
Yes, transitioning from Microbiology to law is quite a departure. My uncle Prof. Krishnan Nair, who had been the Principal of several Government Law Colleges in Kerala and after retirement Principal of the Kerala Law Academy Law College at Thiruvanathapuram was instrumental in persuading me to take up law. He also presented me with copies of the many law books authored by him and reading through them, also got me interested. I think a science background promotes meticulous attention to detail and critical thinking and analytical skills, which are crucial in legal reasoning.
During your final year of LLB, you interned with Mr. K.K. Ayyappan Pillai, a renowned Tax Advocate. How did this internship shape your early career, and what were some key lessons you learned from Mr. Pillai?
Tax laws is a complex and specialised field. Mr K.K. Ayyappan Pillai, a renowned Tax advocate at Thiruvananthapuram proved to be a valuable mentor, being a stickler for minute details, with exceptional researching skills, an uncanny ability to immediately spot errors ,a staunch believer in “hands on training” and “thinking on your feet”. I remember while training under him, on one occasion he made me accompany a client and appear before an ITO on a question of Agricultural Income Tax. The ITO placed before me a document which was in Malayalam and asked me to read a portion of it. Not being able to read Malayalam I shot back – “I have read it, why don’t you do so?” The ITO then read out the relevant portion and I was able to make my submissions ! The client was overjoyed with the result that he treated all of us in Mr. Pillai’s chambers to cake and tea! Mr Pillai instilled in me a strong sense of professional skills emphasising the importance of integrity, confidentiality and ethical standards.
John & Co. was a significant milestone. Can you describe the challenges and triumphs you faced in the early years of establishing the firm?
I took over as Managing Partner of the law firm K.J.John & Co. when Mr K.J.John, a very respected and well known Advocate on Record of the Supreme Court decided to retire in 2001. Establishing a law firm comes with its share of challenges and triumphs, especially in the early years. Establishing credibility and a strong reputation in the legal community takes time and effort. Clients often prefer experienced firms, so proving competence early on can be challenging. Further, a law firm requires significant initial investment in office space, and personnel and managing cash flow and ensuring steady revenue in the early stages is critical. Balancing client work, administrative tasks, and development efforts can be overwhelming, especially with limited resources and personnel. However, triumphs include acquiring important corporate clients and successfully handling their cases, which not only validates the firm’s capabilities but also starts building its reputation. Assembling a team of talented lawyers and staff who share my vision and values was also a significant achievement. Achieving sustainable growth, expanding practice areas, or opening new offices are milestones that reflect the firm’s success and acceptance. We opened a branch office of the firm at Kochi which was successfully managed for many years by a very close friend and coursemate in law college, till he was elevated as a Judge of the High Court. Navigating these challenges and celebrating these triumphs requires resilience, strategic planning, and a commitment to delivering exceptional legal services. Each hurdle overcome and each success achieved contributes to the firm’s evolution and long-term viability in the very competitive legal field.
You’ve been involved in landmark cases like the Sahara and PACL cases and Nirma Vs SEBI. Can you share insights into these high-profile cases and what they taught you about the intricacies of Indian law?
Certainly! Each of these landmark cases provided valuable insights into the complexities of Indian law and the legal system. The Sahara and PACL cases, for instance, highlighted the importance of regulatory compliance and investor protection in the financial sector. These cases involved intricate legal arguments regarding securities regulations, investor rights, and corporate governance, showcasing the need for thorough due diligence and adherence to legal frameworks to ensure fair and transparent dealings in financial markets.
The Sahara Vs SEBI case is one of the most notable legal battles in Indian corporate and securities law history. It revolved around the issue of Sahara Group’s non-compliance with SEBI’s regulations regarding raising funds from the public through Optionally Fully Convertible Debentures (OFCDs). SEBI asserted that Sahara had raised billions of rupees from investors without proper regulatory approvals and disclosure requirements, thereby violating securities laws and jeopardizing investor protection. Sahara Group, on the other hand, contended that the funds were raised through private placements and were not subject to SEBI’s jurisdiction. The case spanned several years and involved multiple legal proceedings, including appeals to higher Courts. In 2012, the Supreme Court of India delivered a landmark judgment directing Sahara to refund the collected amount to investors with interest, through SEBI. The court also imposed hefty fines on Sahara for non-compliance. The SEBI Sahara case significantly contributed to shaping securities regulations in India, emphasizing the importance of investor protection, regulatory compliance, and transparency in fundraising activities. It also underscored the pivotal role of SEBI in regulating and monitoring capital markets to maintain their integrity and stability.
The PACL vs. SEBI case was another significant legal battle concerning securities regulations and investor protection in India. PACL, also known as Pearls Agrotech Corporation Limited, was accused by SEBI of running illegal collective investment schemes (CIS) without proper regulatory approvals. SEBI alleged that PACL had raised over ₹60,000 crores from millions of investors through its CIS (Collective Investment Schemes) activities, promising high returns on agricultural land investments. However, SEBI argued that PACL was not complying with the necessary regulatory frameworks and was operating in violation of securities laws. The case involved extensive investigations, legal proceedings, and efforts to recover funds for affected investors. In 2015, SEBI order PACL to refund the collected amount to investors and imposed penalties for non-compliance with regulatory requirements. In Appeal before the Supreme Court, the setting up of the Justice (Retd) R.M.Lodha Committee to sell properties of PACL and its associate concerns etc. and repay investors, was ordered. The PACL vs. SEBI case highlighted the importance of robust regulatory oversight in preventing fraudulent schemes and protecting the interests of investors. It also underscored the need for strict enforcement of securities regulations to maintain trust and confidence in the financial markets.
In the Nirma vs. SEBI case, the Supreme Court in its decision on the takeover offer by Nirma Industries Limited to the shareholders of Shree Rama Multi Tech Limited (SRMTL), concurred with the view of the Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) and the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), in disallowing the withdrawal of the offer by Nirma. he Supreme Court largely relied upon an interpretation of Reg. 27 of the. SEBI Takeover Regulations, 1997 to come to the conclusion that withdrawal was not permissible. This case shed light on the evolving landscape of corporate law and the regulatory authority of SEBI in matters concerning securities market violations and underscored the significance of regulatory oversight in maintaining market integrity and investor confidence. I was the lead Counsel in this case and I will never forget the day of pronouncement of judgment in this case, when the Hon’ble presiding Judge of the Bench that had heard the appeal, looked up and said ”Mr Venugopal you have won”!
Your practice spans various legal domains, from civil litigation to securities laws and arbitration. How did you develop such a broad expertise, and what areas do you find most challenging and rewarding?
My broad expertise developed through years of studying and practicing law across different domains. As Standing Counsel for the State of Goa from 17.01.2013 to 18.02.2021, I dealt with a wide range of legal issues and cases that affected the State and its residents, and these included everything from constitutional matters to administrative law, civil disputes, matters related to environmental regulations, water disputes and even criminal cases. Each case presented unique challenges and opportunities. I find the diversity of legal issues fascinating, but the complexity of securities laws and arbitration tends to be both challenging and rewarding as they require a deep understanding of regulations, market dynamics, and dispute resolution strategies.
As someone with over 33 years of experience and a recent designation as a Senior Advocate by the Supreme Court, what advice would you give to fresh law graduates entering the legal profession today?
I would advise fresh law graduates to prioritize continuous learning, build strong professional relationships, maintain integrity, and always strive for excellence in their work. It’s crucial to stay updated with legal developments and hone both legal knowledge and practical skills to navigate the complexities of the legal profession effectively. Additionally, fostering a reputation for reliability, honesty, and professionalism will be invaluable throughout your career.
Hello everyone. We are here today again with Dr. Swati Garg. We want to introduce her as the best female lawyer, I would say, who has opened her office doors for every student or learner. Because she is that humble that she can accept the realities of life and she can guide you through the whole process with a smile on her face. Welcome, Ma’am. And thank you for accepting our invitation to SuperLawyer.
Absolutely. See, I have a background of more than 15 years of teaching experience. And I tell all my students that look, guys, you’re most, most welcome to my office.
Anytime that you need any support in understanding a matter, filing a matter, or taking it ahead in arguing, feel free, don’t ever think that because you’re a first-generation lawyer, you don’t have an office or staff. I tell them that you have me and you will not believe that my office is the DU adda of the place.
At any point in time, all my students are here. They just drop in and ask for suggestions and request me to review their work and I love it. I mean, I feel that as a senior this is the best you can do for your juniors, right?
I have been extremely lucky, people were very kind to me and I just feel what comes around goes around and I can’t even think of any reason to not help your colleague or your junior because you’ve also reached where you are with someone’s help. You did not just parachute land on whatever position that you hold right now.
And, it is very nice, you know, when you go to the courts and people come and touch your feet and they’re like Guruji and you know, that kind of respect. Once a teacher, always a teacher. That’s why I love so many aspects of this profession. I can’t even imagine doing something else.
I love the fact that there is no retirement age in law because I feel you’re growing every day. And, you know, you’re growing on a day-to-day basis. You’re more aware, and more confident today than you were an hour back. So that is the level of learning that you get in this profession.
When did you decide to become a lawyer? What motivated you? And also through your practice years, when did you decide to become an AOR and how has it helped you become the personality that you are?
As for the question of when I decided to become a lawyer, I didn’t really make the decision myself. Others made it for me. Even back in school, for as long as I can recall, I enjoyed arguing and often took the weaker side. It wasn’t about my personal opinion; rather, it was about embracing the challenge. My teachers would often question why I involved myself in certain debates, but I believed every issue deserved a voice, including mine. As I grew older, my teachers encouraged me, saying, “Swati, you’re destined to be a lawyer with your passion for arguing. Why not turn it into a profession?” So, the path was somewhat predetermined, and I didn’t have to ponder much about it.
I’ve always been intrigued by people’s problems and genuinely enjoy listening to them. Often, just lending an ear can alleviate half their troubles. I consider it one of the most fulfilling aspects of my profession. If not a lawyer, I could have pursued a career in psychology, as I believe a lawyer often serves as a counsellor to their clients.
Regarding the AOR designation, I’ve always been drawn to pro bono work, especially in the Supreme Court. However, I realized that financial constraints could hinder access to justice. Without an in-house AOR or someone willing to take on the case pro bono, filing in the Supreme Court becomes challenging. So, I decided to pursue the AOR exam. Although I didn’t achieve top rankings, I approached it with humility and a desire to contribute.
Certain matters may not be universally appealing, and convincing others to take them on can be necessary. However, I decided to take it upon myself, realizing that instead of wasting time persuading others, it would be more efficient to become an AOR myself. This decision was not driven by compulsion but rather by the realization that it would streamline my work. I am generally adaptable, as long as the work is accomplished.
When such tasks begin to impact your efficiency, taking matters into your own hands becomes a logical step. Becoming an AOR is feasible; many have done it successfully. I believe the only barrier to achieving something is the extent of your desire for it. If you truly desire something, you can attain it. Look at Vicky Kaushal, who married Katrina Kaif—his determination is a testament to this. Ultimately, it all comes down to how much you truly desire something. Desperation often leads to success.
How did you manage to pursue a PhD alongside your busy professional life? How has this academic pursuit contributed to your professional and personal growth? Furthermore, what motivates you to advocate for causes like POSH and combat sexual harassment? How do you sustain this motivation and continue your efforts?
I really don’t know myself. It’s as if the path has been decided already. And I just keep walking. As far as the POSH thing is concerned, this was very close to my heart for a long time. I remember I used to work in the area of domestic violence.
Then it was one of my mentors who suggested that look Swati, you are doing wonderful work in the field of domestic violence. Why don’t you look into this field also? It’s an upcoming field. And at that point, I realized that yes, it is indeed a very important field because the percentage of women in the working sector is increasing by the day.
So definitely this is going to cause problems in the future. It is sheer chance that it did turn out to be a hot topic for debate today. And, because I feel strongly passionate about it, it kind of comes through. As far as teaching is concerned, it is definitely becoming more and more difficult with my schedule, but I tell myself that, look, people are doing it right. And, teaching I feel has aided a lot because it gives you that finesse, you know, you are confronting a class of what 80 to 100 students. And all of them are in Delhi University. They have succeeded in reaching that place.
They have eliminated the competition. So they are difficult minds, to say the least. And you are confronting 80 to 100 brains. You’re trying to teach something to them, which makes sense to them. They are going to be coming up with their own questions. So you’re practically training yourself as to how you need to convince a person, how you need to deal with their questions, and how do you continuously speak for two to three hours without getting tired?
Because see the throw of the voice, the projection of the voice, your body language, whether you feel comfortable speaking to a group, whether you feel comfortable addressing a crowd, all these things cannot be learned overnight. Now I have quite a few TV appearances regularly.
I would say two to three TV appearances a month, sometimes more. There was a time when I used to palpitate, thinking, “Oh my God, this is live TV. What if I end up making mistakes?” Like I said, it’s there for perpetuity; you cannot erase it. If it’s a live program, it will be there forever. And you lay yourself open to so much ridicule, and people can kind of show it to you, saying, “Look, this is what you did. This is what you said.” I used to palpitate before every appearance. And now I’m like, “See, it is what it is. We are humans, prone to making mistakes. How does it matter? I mean, if you’ve given an honest effort and ended up saying something incorrect factually, you can always go back and correct it or apologize. As long as you do not do it deliberately or negligently, I’m sure it can be forgivable because you cannot just stop doing things, fearing that you might do them incorrectly.
You have to start somewhere.” So I think academics have helped me a lot. And as far as I think one of your questions was, how has a PhD helped me? Well, it has. At the point in time when I was doing it, I told myself, “Why am I even doing this unnecessarily?” And then people would come to me and say, “Isn’t your practice going well that now you are studying again and teaching?” You know, that used to be very demoralizing at that time. But then I would say, “Well, maybe they haven’t been fortunate enough to get such opportunities, and that’s why they talk like this, right?” And now when the judges address me as Dr. Jindal, I feel so proud of myself. You know, somehow at some level, you have brought yourself out of a regular crowd. I remember once one of my colleagues pointed out to a person of very humble means who happened to be an advocate. I mean, you could make out. He was somehow just loitering around the court complex.
That person was an AOR who pointed it out to me. He said, “Look, what is the difference between him and you? There is no difference. He’s also an advocate and you are also an advocate. So how is it that you two are different?” I said, “Well, I’m a doctor who is an advocate and he’s probably only an advocate. That is the difference.” So any kind of value addition that you do to yourself. I’m not humbling all the advocates out there. So you have to realize that they’re all LLBs and it is very difficult. It’s a five-year course or a three-year postgraduate course. It’s not an easy task. You have to clear around 30 papers if you’re doing a three-year postgraduate course to become a lawyer. Even if you clear 29 out of 30, you’re still not an advocate. It’s as simple as that.
So any kind of value addition that you do to yourself, whether it is as a doctorate or it is as an AOR, anything that you do, will set you apart from that core group of advocates. And I would say that learning is a permanent procedure, that is why you call a lawyer’s practice, you know. It is not like I am a lawyer. People always say that I’m practicing as a lawyer. I’m practising as an advocate, which shows that you can never really be perfect, even if you die around Jethmalani, you will still be practicing. Nobody’s perfect. And they all say that practice till you are perfect. And in this profession, you can never be perfect. So it is sort of a moment for you to sit and self-reflect and tell yourself today.
I had a meeting in the ministry and, the joint secretary told me, “Well, you know, this is a very complicated matter, madam.” And, it was connected to some environmental matters and how the islands need to be protected from sinking and all that. So he was throwing some technical terms and he said, “Look, this is a very complicated matter and somebody would need to convince the judges.” And I was like, “Okay, we’ll try our level best to convince the judges because we would convince ourselves first.” So he said, “This is what I love about lawyers that they are willing to learn new things every day.” I said, “We just take it like somebody has thrown us in the water and it’s either drowned or you learn how to swim.” So only a lawyer would know the nitty-gritty of, for example, construction or in a medical-legal case, they would know about medical negligence. So they know what can go wrong in a human body. They would also know as to why a wife was tortured in the house. The nitty-gritty of who gets to cook in the morning, who’s cooking in the evening. They would also know some sort of injury that happened to a person during playing, or participating in a sport. So this is one field where, practically everything, you know, as many cases as you have handled, you would know as many issues.
What inspired you to write your books, particularly concerning women’s issues? Could you share the motivation behind addressing these topics and discuss your books?
You’ll find it quite unbelievable. Even I do, for that matter. It’s not like I had a plan that I will write a book someday. Things sort of keep happening to me by chance.
The only good thing I can say about myself is I don’t give up the chances I get. So I’ve been writing for a long time, even way back in school. I used to write a lot, even if only for the school magazines. I used to participate in a lot of debates. So writing was a habit.
I used to love reading and writing. It was never forced. I mean, it was never a chore for me to read and be like, “Oh, now I’ll have to read even this.” Never like that. I’m the sort of person who would also read the labels on a shampoo bottle. You know, if I’m just sitting there with conditioner in my hair, I would be like, “Let me just read the label on this bottle while I’m waiting.” That’s sort of an attitude I have.
So it’ll be difficult for me to pass those two minutes. So I would randomly read available things. So, as I was doing my PhD, I remember one of the publishing houses approached me, asking, “Would you like to write a book on this topic?” And I said, “But I have never written a book before,” you know, that was the level of naivety I had at that time.
He said, “Madam, you’ve been writing so much anyway. You’ll just have to write this book in such a way that whoever reads it can understand this topic better.”
And I told myself, “Well, why not? If they’re ready to print, then how does it matter to me?” I mean, I was amazed that you know, if there are takers for this sort of thing, then why not? So, I sort of went ahead and wrote a book on my PhD thesis at that time. At that moment, because somebody approached me, one of the publishing houses approached me. And, you know, I remember at that time I told myself, “Well, if they don’t have a problem printing it, then why should I have a problem writing it?”
That is the kind of attitude I have. And that is how it all started. That was one book I wrote in totality. And there were a couple of other books that I wrote as co-authors. And then thereafter, I’ve been writing regularly in a lot of legal magazines.
Till last year, I was writing one whole page in a national daily, a daily newspaper. So I had one page that used to come out every Wednesday, which was on law and justice. And now also I write in magazines that are weekly magazines. Then there are fortnightly magazines on social issues, primarily related to law, but once in a blue moon, I would also like to write something on a spiritual footing because I like to believe that I’m a spiritual person.
I mean, some of my friends are going to be laughing their asses off hearing the statement, but very, very deep down inside, I do believe that yes, I am. I like to think that I’m a spiritual person. I’m a very God-fearing person. I believe you will get only what you deserve and nothing less and nothing more.
Could you please share how writing has impacted your career and personal growth? Specifically, we’re interested in learning about any increases in reach, career refinement, and personal development you’ve experienced through writing. Your insights on the importance of writing, whether it’s articles, journals, or books, would be invaluable for our learners.
Let me provide another example. If you have two baskets, and in one basket, there are myriad colors – different colored balls – and you have to sort those balls, pick up some of them, and put them in another basket. How many choices are you making? The first choice is whether you want to do it or not. The second choice is which color you should select first. The third choice is looking for that colored ball, picking it up, and putting it in the other basket. Now, the next choice that confronts you is whether you want to continue this task, having finished one color, or do you want to end it there? You know what I mean? What I’m trying to tell you is that when you take that active conscious decision to separate the balls of different colors, you have to make a conscious effort to select some of them and put them together in such a way that it solves your purpose.
So in your mind, you have millions and millions of words. When you make that active conscious decision to put those words to paper, the first thing you need to decide is what you want to write on. If, let’s say, you want to write on women-related issues, for example, how working women today are being sexually harassed at their workplace and what laws are in their favor? What is it that they can do? If you decide to write on it today, let’s say that you want to write a 1500-word article. To write a 1500-word article, you would need to read thousands and thousands of words. Only then will you be able to select some of those words, and put them down on paper, in such a way that they make sense to the readers.
So when you decide to write, you unconsciously, invariably also end up reading, which is imperative for anybody in this field. For any one article that you write, you probably have to read for a week. And then there will be a time when you decide that all the reading you’ve done over the years will somehow be there in your mind subconsciously. And there will be enough words inside of you that you can take them out and put them on paper whenever you want. This is the importance of writing. I don’t know if I could have put it in a better way.
Do you apply similar planning methods to your POSH trainings? How do you structure and conduct these sessions, and what impact have they had on your practice? Additionally, how can individuals, especially lawyers, become involved in such initiatives?
I’ve encountered various trainings, and I’m always intrigued by different approaches to conducting POSH trainings. I’ve noticed that some can be overly academic, simply relaying the law without adding much value. I believe that for any training session, there should be a meaningful takeaway for both the participants and myself. It’s not just about repeating what the law already states.
Often, I conduct sessions for trainers, such as IC members or officers. Tomorrow, for instance, I’ll be training members of the Airport Authority of India. These individuals are well-versed in the law, so my aim isn’t to reiterate basic legal principles. Instead, I focus on real-life cases and practical scenarios to illustrate how to avoid similar issues in their workplaces.
I emphasize the importance of integrating legal knowledge with practical insights to make the training relevant and engaging. It’s like cooking with spices and vegetables – everyone has the ingredients, but it’s how you combine them that makes the dish enjoyable. Similarly, I aim to blend legal concepts with practical applications to provide meaningful guidance.
Rather than dictating what should be done, I prefer to present options and their potential outcomes. It’s about empowering individuals to make informed decisions and be accountable for their actions. This level of accountability is essential in creating a culture of responsibility.
How do you approach complex legal challenges like those involving the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change, which have far-reaching impacts on both the environment and human lives?
The only answer you have is knowledge. So if you’re faced with any challenge, the only aspect of the challenge that scares you is not knowing. If you’re in a dark room at night and the light goes out, you’ll only be scared to go out if you don’t know what lies outside.
Once you have an idea, why do people feel so brave when they have a torch in their hand? Because that torch guides them. It tells them that there’s nothing outside, just the plant that was shaking. So the only thing that gives you power is knowledge. Once you are prepared with the problem, once you know the solution, once you know the way ahead, you can tread ahead with full confidence and that confidence will shine through.
The general perception is that the government is not doing anything, and the judiciary is not doing anything. It’s easy to sit in one place and say that they’re not doing anything. When you go and see the efforts the government is making, there’s no one person called the government. If we litter on the roads, is there a government guy roaming around to pick up the trash and put it back in your car from where you threw it? It has to be a social responsibility which lies on everyone’s shoulders. As far as ministry cases about the environment are concerned, getting panelled in this field opened my eyes and I realized that many steps are being taken by the government, and they’re working day and night. Whatever can be done is being done in this area to make the country more habitable, and more compliant. The only thing that remains is for the public to take their way forward in the same direction and be compliant themselves because ultimately the laws can be made, but compliance has to come from the ground level. So I think the best method to prepare for a case is to read as much as you can. Once you’re aware of the idea, what it is that you have to find out, and what are the laws about that particular matter, you will feel better about it. And you will be in a position to give your own opinion. And from there on, the sky’s the limit.
You are in a profession that demands too much seriousness and how do you relax yourself? How do you find time for your family? How do you unwind yourself?
See, I’ll tell you what, I just like to find little amounts of, I call them my stolen moments. So when you go to the court and you realize that, okay, there is a gap between two matters. I would say a chai samosa is my stolen moment.
I would chat around with my friends and just do small things. It doesn’t matter. I tell you, I would call myself a very cheap date. It’s very easy to please me. I mean, you wouldn’t have to take me to ITC or the Taj. I’m quite happy. It depends on the moment.
I think we all need to kind of appreciate the small pleasures of life and not wait for that big moment to come, and that is when we will be happy. So that is imperative, I would say.
What recommendations would you offer for individuals just starting out in their career journey? Considering your earlier advice on the importance of reading, writing, and academic pursuits, how would you advise them to plan their career trajectory?
See, there is only one thing that I would like to say to all the people who are planning to join this profession. I would just say keep going. That is the only thing that never consider a work or any kind of case to be too small or too petty for you to take up. It’s better than sitting idle, right? So don’t wait for that big case to come to you, which will enable you to create a name for yourself. And you will take only a big case because no case is small, the smallest of cases would teach you something. If nothing else then commitment. At least you will end up going to the court. So your visibility in the court matters and visibility does not mean chai samosa. Okay. You’re not just going there to have tea and eat samosa. You’re going there to appear before the court. So any kind of work that you get initially, basically, I would say beggars are not choosers.
When you start in the profession, you are a person who’s begging for work and how does it matter? Go ahead and beg. We are not supposed to solicit work, but if any work comes our way, as long as your expenses are taken care of, forget about your professional fee, because at the end of the day, are you actually contributing professionally to that matter? It’ll be years before, you know, you deserve the consultation fee that you get.
Are you even making sense suggesting people pay for it? To become the person others would pay for wisdom, you must have enough words at your disposal. Until then, doing matters for free hardly matters. I recall times when I spent from my own pocket, a practice I still maintain for matters I deem worthy of legal attention. This is why it’s called a noble profession — only nobility can afford to work without pay. Monetary rewards often come late, leaving little time to enjoy them personally; they become the legacy enjoyed by family, children, or the office. When money does arrive, there’s scarcely time to appreciate it. Needs are minimal for a lawyer: books, a Wi-Fi connection, good shoes, and clean clothes suffice. Peace and quiet become prized commodities for focused work. By then, the enjoyment of work surpasses the desire for money; holidays become a puzzle of what to do with free time. Workaholism becomes a natural byproduct of being a lawyer; creating work is instinctual when idle.
As a first-generation lawyer, what motivated you to choose law as your career path? Were there any particular mentors or figures who played a significant role in guiding and supporting you on your journey to success?
When I was in School, particularly in Std. VI, we were taught about three pillars of Democracy. Thus from there I had an idea that when someone has the Law degree, then only he can touch all the three pillars like, Executive, Judiciary and Legislative.
Secondly I had an opportunity to interact with Hon’ble Justice Rangnath Mishra, The Former Chief Justice of India and Member of Rajya-Sabha. He had visited our School namely Sri. Aurobindo School of New Thought, at Cuttack as the Chief Guest. That time he was the Member of Rajya Sabha. I had the honour of receiving the Best Student of the School award from him and hence could share a few minutes with him in the office of the Principal. Seeing his profile I felt that I would definitely study Law.
Then when I completed my +2 Science, I joined 5-years B.A. LL.B (H) Course in Madhusudan Law College (Now Madhusudan Law University) as I used to read about said Institution in News Paper. Of course I was / am also impacted with the Life of the Great Hero of Odisha Late Madhu Sudan Das, popularly known as Utkal Gaurav Madhu barrister.
To answer the second part of the question, I humbly believe that I am yet to achieve Success. It is because, I think Success is the journey and not the destination. Every day I feel that a lot to be done and people who we idolise also have the same hour of work maximum up to 24 hours a day but they are doing so much. So I always wonder about learning and I humbly think that continuous learning is the only option we have.
It is also a fact that many seniors and teachers have contributed to my professional career to have been shaped. I am always obliged for their contribution.
Considering your extensive experience and successful practice in various courts, did you ever contemplate joining a law firm, or was independent practice always your preferred path? If so, what factors influenced your decision to pursue an independent practice from the outset of your career?
Honestly I have never thought of joining a Law Firm or for that matter having my practice in such a design. There is no specific reason as such.
Maybe in the state of Odisha there is no such environment or such style of practice. We may not find many Law Firms in Odisha.
If I think a little more I would like to state that, I had the humble opportunity to have been engaged by a few Law Firms in some cases in Odisha. Then I had developed a good rapport with the firms so probably could not think of joining a firm for my practice.
To the second part of the question, My Senior Mr. Aswini Kumar Mishra was always stating that the day you join the bar, you should always feel like an independent practitioner and develop yourself like that. That gives you a sense of responsibility and you become more and more responsible. Thus I have always been inclined towards Independent Practice.
My idea of Independent Practice is not just having an Independent Office, Independent practice starts from the point when start doing a case or dealing with a client independently winning his confidence till the end of the litigation. That can also be done when you are working with a senior.
You have authored and published a law book and are working on several other compilations. What drives you to write, and how do you think your publications contribute to the legal field?
I humbly believe that the Law Students, Lawyers and each one of us are like a ship in the ocean of Legal profession. In order to reach the destination or the port, the ship requires a strong radar. The more effective the radar, it will be easier to reach at the destination.
Therefore writing articles, research papers, books, compilations are like a radar for the individual professional or student. You stand out and make a different identity for yourself in the fraternity.
Secondly it is also helpful for legal research and helping people learn the Law.
For example many judges are known and remembered for their books may not be for the judgements. Many exceptional lawyers who are stalwarts in Law are remembered for their erudite books not just for the arguments advanced in the courtRoom.
Lastly, writing and researching keeps growing and we never feel complacent.
More than eight of your juniors are now in independent practice. What do you think are the key qualities or skills that you have imparted to them that have contributed to their success?
स तु दीर्घकालनैरन्तर्यसत्कारासेवितो दृढभूमि :
sa tu dīrgha kāla nairantarya satkārā ‘‘sevito dṛḍhabhūmiḥ
This is the famous sutra from Paranjalai Yoga Sutra which defines “PRACTICE”.
It says
“ sa tu dīrgha kāla” Which means For a Longer Period
“Nairantarya” which means Without any break/interruption
“satkārā ‘‘sevito” which means With Honour and Respect.
Further Honour and respect means – Giving 100% in what you do at a given point of time.
That is Practice.
What we all try to do is to continuously be in the learning process, without any break and with honour and respect.
On the other hand I always tell my associates that People come to Lawyers and Doctors when they are in trouble.
So we need to be careful and empathetic towards their problems. For some persons, Magistrate’s Court or The District Courts are the last hope. They do not know the High Court or Supreme Court. They cannot afford to reach also.(Although we have Legal Aid)
So we need to be extra cautious in our professional work and try to be honest and deliver the service .
Lastly My associates are trained with a particular line which is “We will not say what sounds good, we will tell what is Good and more particularly what is good for the Client and his case”.
This helps us in winning the confidence of clients. They remain with us for all time to come.
One more thing we always try to do is SWOT analysis. i.e. Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats. (I believe there is no Threats.It can be replaced with “Challenges”).
You conduct “Pro Bono” cases. Can you discuss the importance of pro bono work in the legal profession and share any memorable experiences from your pro bono cases?
Pro bono cases are like repaying the unseen debt that we have received from the society. When we were studying Law or any other course in school or colleges, the amount of financials/money involved and spent by the institutions are much higher than that of the fees we paid to the said institution. Therefore the extra amount which the institution has spent for us is taken from the society. Hence when we start earning from the formal education received from that educational institution it becomes our obligation to put our efforts to repay the debt that we have received from the society by doing some good work. And pro bono cases can be one of these small steps towards the repayment of unseen debt.
On the other hand receiving remuneration from the cases is like “LAXMI”. When people receive money by false promise and illegal manner that is like “AA-LAXMI”. When professional help the needy people honestly and receive blessings as may be little amount that is like “MAHA-LAXMI”
LAXMI- Comes and Goes, it’s the Most Dynamic.
AA-LAXMI- Come in abundance and definitely will go making everything Empty or will Attract negativity.
MAHA-LAXMI- may come slowly but will always remain with you and it will grow not just in terms of Money and objects but also in terms of good will as well as blessings.
Reflecting on your legal career, what have been some of the biggest challenges you’ve faced, and how have you overcome them? Additionally, could you share your future goals and aspirations for your legal practice and your contributions to the legal community?
The biggest challenge has been the resources such as the library and recognition in the bar as a good lawyer. When you argue well then automatically people assume that you must be the second generation lawyer and the son/daughter of some senior advocate or judge. Secondly, when you compare your counterparts, your friends from school and colleges who are working in other sectors and also in law forms, the remuneration that they receive is much higher than what you get in litigation. In a middle class family that too when you have nobody in the profession there is a constant pressure for joining services like judiciary, law clerk or teaching. Of course teaching was my second preference and I have been teaching till date also. But primarily I would say there has been no such big challenge but the challenges are the opportunities to learn to make yourself a better person and a better professional.
As far as overcoming the challenges are concerned the only thing which I strongly believe that helps is continuous learning, dedicated work, ignoring the negative thoughts and ideas as well as negative factors of course by recognising it properly.
It is said “Jag Mein jiye to kaise jiye… jaise JAL Mein Kamal ka phool khile”
It means like a Lotus that blooms in water, but its roots are in mud. When you take it out, it is unaffected by the water or by the mud.
Thus I strongly feel that we should not be affected by the difficult times and negativity. Rather we should be focusing on the work.
We’ve heard that your office warmly welcomes students for learning opportunities. Could you tell us more about your internship program? How can students connect with you for internships, and what specific skills or qualities do you look for when considering interns for opportunities in your office?
As I said in the above question, internship programs are like fixing your ladder and finding out the place where you can think of a career in your future. Students should be open in learning from various organisations not just the legal aspect but also the functional and organizational structure of the institutions where they are Interning.
I remember when I was in law College, at that time we noticed that there were neither internships programmes nor any organization used to allow law students to join as an intern in their organization.
I along with one of my friends had to work hard and by requesting the then chairperson of Human Rights Commission, Women Commission, and other organizations like NABARD, companies like NALCO, we introduced internships program in their work schedule.
Now we see that the students are highly benefited with such internships programs in those organizations.
In so far as working as an intern in our office is concerned the only criteria that we look for is the interest of the student. If somebody is interested and has an honest urge to learn, we would love to make him or her a part of our office.
One thing I always tell that once somebody is interning with us, we make sure that he or she becomes a part of our family and we would always stand for the student and the student should feel that he himself is a part of the team so that he would never feel that he has nobody to guide or no scope to learn or he has just worked for a month or two only for a certificate.
Managing a diverse legal practice, teaching, and engaging in spiritual activities must be demanding. How do you maintain a balance between your professional and personal life?
As I have mentioned above that everyone has 24 hours, accordingly we need to schedule and balance our work. Legal practice is the profession, teaching is the passion and spiritual activity is a way of life which does not require a specific time; rather it is an inherent, unseen as well as coexisting factor which remains always with you in whatever and whichever position you are. I believe everyone is connected to spirituality somewhere or the other. Therefore for spiritual practice no specific time is required or you need not think that it is going to take a lot of time from the day to day activities.
You’ve mentioned your interest in researching Indian Knowledge Systems. Could you share with us how you integrate insights from Indian Knowledge Systems into your legal practice, and how does this unique perspective enhance your approach to legal issues?
I have participated in a course conducted by Sri Sri University, Cuttack, designed by Prof. Dr. Richa Chopra, working in IIT Kharagpur, namely “Human Development and Psychology Vedic and Modern Perspective”. The said course is like a bouquet of knowledge and helps in introspecting and knowing the impact and impressions on human life of various factors such as art, science, music, astrology, mathematics, chemistry, ayurveda, embryology, social life, family life etc. The course helps in knowing “why I am the way I am”. From there I could gather that there is a lot to be learnt beyond the parameters of the syllabus.
Further reading of various texts and more particularly after introduction of National Education Policy, I believe that every subject which we study in the institution as a part of the syllabus is connected to the Indian knowledge system and has its source from the Indian knowledge system.
If we study that and try to connect with the same, then it might not be so helpful in academics but it will definitely enlarge the ideas thoughts as well as define the views on that particular subject.
Directly a professional may not get some tangible benefits from the study of the Indian knowledge system but I believe that in a long run it would be definitely beneficial.
Reflecting on your journey from your early days, could you share what inspired you to pursue a career in law? Additionally, what were some of the challenges you encountered during your initial days in the legal profession, and how did you overcome them to carve your path to success?
Looking back, I can’t claim to have been an exceptional student in school or college. I couldn’t take my studies very seriously and often missed classes due to chronic asthma. My long absence from classes owing to my health conditions made it challenging to keep up with my studies. As I grew older and my health improved, my academic focus increased.
I pursued humanities instead of science because of my health issues, and my parents never pressured me academically. Despite my humanities background, I always wanted to pursue a professional course. In 2004, during school counseling, I was introduced to the idea of a career in law. The growing importance of corporate law and the growing diverse role of lawyers made this path even more appealing.
Around 2004 and 2005, the changing landscape in the Indian industry and the shift in macroeconomics globally led me to consider law as a career. Furthermore my personal experiences with family legal issues highlighted the need for proper legal guidance and the challenges faced by the common man. This motivated me to specialize in litigation.
Starting my legal practice was challenging since I came from a family with no lawyers. I realized I had to actively seek opportunities rather than wait for them. I conducted research online to begin my journey. I listed around 10 to 15 law firms in Kolkata to approach driven by my anxiety before our final exams. Coming from a state university and with no guidance in this filed, starting a career in litigation can be befuddling.
Alarmed by the situation, I realized it was time to take action. I started knocking on the doors of various law firms, forwarding my CV, and requesting internship opportunities. Among the 14 to 15 firms I approached, one offered me a full-time internship for a month or two in the year 2009.
I wanted to start with District courts since most litigations in India take place there. I took two months of training in the district courts of West Bengal. In August or September of 2009, I secured an internship at Victor Moses & Co. a reputed law firm in Kolkata, where I would eventually spend seven years and assist the Senior-Most Partner, Mr. D.N.Mitra, who had been a great force behind me always.
The initial challenge, as a first-generation lawyer, was turning the internship into a job opportunity. It’s crucial for young interns to understand that internships are the chance to demonstrate interest, perseverance, and resilience. During my internship, I sought out work, often staying until 7:30 or 8:00 PM, sometimes even later. It was about becoming an integral part of the firm and getting involved in important projects. This approach turned my internship into an opportunity to work in that Firm.
As by litigation practice commenced, one of the most initial challenges we encountered revolved around timing. We had to attend late night conferences for the next day matters which often started at 10 .00 PM at the night and went on till late. The absence of modern conveniences such as Uber or Ola, coupled with the lack of a family vehicle, rendered late-night commutes a formidable task. Nevertheless, confronting these adversities served to fortify our resolve. Presently, the advent of technology and the prevalence of virtual conferences (VC) have considerably alleviated such difficulties. In fact Virtual Platform has become the norm today for late night conferences, however, during our time, such luxuries were non-existent, thereby instilling within us a profound appreciation for industriousness.
Carrying physical copies of briefs, sometimes 10 to 12 volumes, and multiple books was another challenge. Nowadays, an iPad can hold all the necessary documents, but back then, it wasn’t an option. But I feel these experiences made us tougher and erased any fear of hard work. The challenges we faced then make current tasks seem easier by comparison.
Another advantage of those early days was building unique relationships with each counsel and their juniors and clerks in the chambers. Spending hours in a counsel’s chamber allowed us to learn closely from their unique styles of argument and advocacy. This exposure to various schools of advocacy became a foundational stone for later success. It helped in developing my own skillset and the methods that my firm now uses in litigation.
The initial grind in the litigation industry is a preparation phase that tests resilience and determination, which are essential for surviving in a dispute resolution profession. Once you pass through this phase, it becomes a journey of continual progress.
As a member of various prestigious institutions like the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and Indian Women Network (IWN), how do you think being part of such networks has influenced your professional growth and the growth of SC&A Legal?
As a lawyer and the founder of a law firm specializing in commercial litigation, staying updated on emerging policies, industry news, and trends is crucial. We must also understand new rules, regulations, and their economic rationale to guide our clients proactively. The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) plays a significant role, offering a platform for lawyers to engage with key stakeholders across various industries. CII organizes events, conferences, and seminars, facilitating meaningful discussions with business leaders, policymakers, and fellow professionals, which fosters collaboration and knowledge exchange. Additionally, CII’s research reports and policy advocacy efforts keep us informed about emerging trends, regulatory developments, and business opportunities. This enables us to better serve our clients and stay ahead in a dynamic business environment. CII has significantly contributed to our professional growth, helped SCA expand its client base, and kept us updated on industry-specific challenges and opportunities.
Furthermore, the Indian Women Network (IWN) wing of the CII has been instrumental in connecting me with inspiring women leaders who make exceptional contributions across various industries. As an entrepreneur, facing isolation in your growth path is common, and during such times, support from a community of motivators and inspirers is invaluable. Under the leadership of Sujata Guin, Senior VP of Apeejay Surrendra Park Hotels Limited, and Smita Chatterjee, CEO of Centreax, IWN is reaching new heights and positively influencing many lives.
SC&A Legal specializes in dispute resolution. How does your firm differentiate itself in this competitive landscape, and what unique strategies do you employ to ensure client satisfaction?
SC&A Legal believes that the first step in serving our clients is identifying potential disputes because litigation does not begin in the courtroom. It starts in your office, from the moment the seeds of litigation are sown, such as when you enter into a contract, a commercial transaction, or a deal. As specialists in commercial litigation, SC&A Legal’s uniqueness lies in our strategic partnership with clients. We advise them at every step, helping to build their case even when they haven’t yet identified the disputes. Our expertise and leadership in the industry allow us to recognize the early signs of potential conflicts.
The sooner you identify potential disputes or causes of action, the easier and more effectively you can resolve them. We do not view litigation as an end in itself but as one of many strategies to resolve disputes. Whether through conventional litigation, mediation, or arbitration, our goal is also to give you a stronger bargaining position and achieve better settlements or deals in commercial matters which can be resolved without always burdening the Courts or waiting for the entire litigation span to be over.
At SC&A, we prioritize complete transparency in our strategies. From day one, we plan the end game with our clients, providing clear information about timelines and costs. Our primary aim is to deliver cost-effective and timely resolutions to our clients’ disputes.
With offices in Kolkata, Delhi, and Bhubaneswar, how do you ensure seamless coordination and communication among your team members across different locations, especially in the context of complex legal cases?
I would like to express my gratitude for the advancements in technology and the global acceptance of video conferencing and virtual platforms, especially after COVID. This shift has greatly facilitated seamless handling and coordination among our three offices. Whether dealing with courts, clients, or councils, everyone has become increasingly comfortable with virtual platforms.
We have conducted numerous arbitrations across various forums and cities in India and abroad using these platforms. Even arbitrators are now more open to holding witness sessions virtually. The litigation industry has experienced significant benefits from technological growth, allowing lawyers to manage multiple offices, litigations, and dispute resolution projects with ease and complete coordination.
With your involvement in the Incorporated Law Society of Kolkata, how do you contribute to aspiring lawyers’ legal education and professional development? Are there any initiatives or mentorship programs you’re particularly passionate about?
As a member of the Incorporated Law Society of Kolkata, I actively participate in various initiatives aimed at enhancing legal education and professional development for aspiring lawyers. This involvement not only contributes to the growth of the legal community but also fulfills my passion for encouraging new talents to join the fields of litigation and dispute resolution.
With your background in real estate and infrastructure law, how do you foresee the legal implications of future urban development projects, especially in the context of sustainable growth and environmental conservation?
Future urban development projects will likely face increased scrutiny and regulation concerning sustainability and environmental conservation. As awareness of climate change and environmental issues grows, there will be a stronger emphasis on integrating sustainable practices into urban planning and development.
From a legal perspective, this implies stricter compliance requirements related to environmental impact assessments, zoning regulations, land use planning, and building codes. Lawyers specializing in real estate and infrastructure law must stay updated on evolving environmental legislation and regulations to ensure their clients’ projects meet these standards.
Additionally, a greater focus will likely be on incorporating renewable energy sources, green building technologies, and eco-friendly design principles into urban development projects. Lawyers will play a crucial role in negotiating contracts, securing permits, and navigating regulatory frameworks to facilitate the implementation of sustainable practices.
Furthermore, legal challenges and disputes may arise from conflicts between development interests and environmental conservation efforts. Lawyers will need to provide strategic advice and advocacy to resolve these conflicts while balancing the need for economic development with environmental protection.
As a woman leader in the legal industry, how do you advocate for gender diversity and inclusion within your firm and the broader legal community? What strategies do you employ to ensure equal opportunities for all professionals regardless of gender?
As a leader, I firmly believe that actions speak louder than words. Therefore, we actively encourage our female associates and team members to assume pivotal roles within our firm. We strive to provide them with a flexible environment that allows them to maintain a balance between their professional responsibilities and personal lives, while also ensuring they remain motivated to look forward
Our female associates are remarkable advocates when it comes to representing our clients. We not only encourage them to engage in vigorous argumentation and advocacy before various competent forums, but they consistently deliver outstanding performances in these arenas.
In your experience, how does cultural diversity impact dispute resolution, especially in cases involving multinational clients? Could you share a memorable cross-cultural negotiation experience and the valuable insights gained from it?
Cultural diversity holds considerable sway over the course of dispute resolution, particularly in scenarios involving multinational clientele, as it inherently shapes communication dynamics, negotiation strategies, and conflict resolution methodologies. The comprehension and adept navigation of these cultural nuances stand as imperative prerequisites for achieving efficacious dispute resolution.
To surmount these cultural disparities and foster a fruitful negotiation environment, it is paramount to engage in the process with a blend of sensitivity and adaptability. Typically, in these cross-border negotiations, we invest the necessary time to grasp the cultural heritage, communication predilections, and underlying motivations of each involved party. Furthermore, we employ an array of techniques, including active listening, reframing issues through a culturally attuned lens, and seeking common ground, all aimed at cultivating trust and rapport amidst the negotiating factions.
Through the virtues of patience, empathy, and a readiness to tailor our negotiation methodologies to accommodate cultural variances, we have consistently achieved mutually beneficial resolutions that effectively address the interests and apprehensions of all involved parties.
With the demanding nature of your profession, how do you unwind and maintain a work-life balance? Could you share some of your favorite ways to relax and recharge outside of your legal endeavors?
As my years of experience have accumulated, I’ve come to appreciate the significance of practicing detachment in both personal and professional spheres as a means to fostering a balanced life. When engrossed in litigation or a project, dedicating undivided attention and focus is imperative. However, upon its conclusion, regardless of the outcome’s favorability, it’s essential to gracefully transition forward. Recognizing that life is an ongoing journey, we must refrain from being swept away by triumphs or dwelling on setbacks. Each new day presents fresh challenges to conquer.
Moreover, it’s crucial to incorporate periodic breaks, during which one can fully disconnect from professional obligations and engage in pursuits unrelated to work. This allows for the replenishment of energy and enthusiasm, enabling us to approach tasks with renewed vigor each time.
Given your journey from a young professional to founding SC&A Legal, what advice or key points would you share with students and young professionals who are just starting their careers in the legal field?
My first advice to every young law graduate would be to definitely garner experience in a dispute resolution law firm, as that will give you a deeper understanding of various streams of law and thus build a strong foundation for a lifetime. Secondly, never give up on yourself. The legal profession will also give you back your rewards; it’s just a matter of time. Have faith and patience; you will succeed.
As a first-generation lawyer, could you walk us through your journey? What was your motivation or inspiration for pursuing a career in law? Additionally, can you share some insights about your childhood and any experiences that shaped your path? What is something unique about you that our readers should know?
I think not only for a first-generation lawyer but for every lawyer the journey is very unique in itself. Every lawyer has their own trajectory, there is no competition. The only difference for a first-generation lawyer is the initial years where you build your reputation, where you make a conscious choice regarding your future. The profession no doubt demands a lot of sacrifice especially if you are practising independently. For me personally, discipline and hard work are the most important things. Lot of people advice me that I should build my contacts, my only answer to them is, my only contact is God, rest everyone I meet in the journey is a blessing.
My father in fact wanted me to become a lawyer, it was he who always encouraged me to start an independent practise. He always taught me that honesty and hard work never go in vain.
My childhood has played the most important role in shaping my path. I belong to a family of Army and Air Force Officers. The discipline that has been imbibed in me because of my background has stayed with me and discipline in any field takes you a long way. My mother who has been a homemaker has always stressed on the importance of being financially independent.
Unique I’m not sure but I have come to experience, if I take up a task I do not leave it mid way, I take it to it’s logical conclusion.
You have acquired your LL.M. in International Business and Commercial Law from the University of Manchester, but as we know, dispute resolution has always been your first love. How has this international LL.M. helped shape your legal perspective and approach to dispute resolution?
LL.M. from Manchester has given me immense exposure and on a lighter note, I can proudly say I have friends (who are lawyers) all around the world. That apart, the understanding of different cultures, the idea of seeing things through a wider lens definitely helps in litigation. Litigation is not just about the one case that you are doing, there can be various perspectives, you just have to see which one is best suited for your client.
Having studied and worked in the UK, what international legal trends do you think could be beneficially adopted in the Indian legal system and What changes or improvements would you like to see in legal education to better prepare future lawyers for the challenges of the profession?
Legal education should be more practical, industry oriented and should be focussed more on creating independent thinking.
How do you balance the varied demands of independent practice, being a founder of Curare Legal, and your past role as a Government Counsel? Please share some insights on challenges you faced since you started your firm.
Well I was a Govt. Counsel for about 4 years, I used to be quite overburdened with Govt. work, not leaving me with much time for private matters. Having said that, I thoroughly enjoyed my work as a Govt. counsel also, I got an opportunity to work with some of the brightest officers. It gave me an opportunity to look at things from a very different perspective. I think every independent practitioner at some point should work on some Government panel. Not to mention I was amazed to see the knowledge that the Section officers or dealing hand had about the matter. It was an amazing experience.
Independent practise only demands one thing, that is consistency. Consistency is key, be it hard work, be it not giving up after you have had a rough day in Court. The right balance between being open to ideas from your clients and filter when you present your case in Courts.
The biggest challenge of course was to break even when I started the firm, and then increase revenue enough to expand the infrastructure and to be able to pay a respectable amount to Associates, paralegals, etc. Even now in fact every month is not the same, so revenue can be a struggle in some months.
You were the counsel in a landmark case under the new Land Acquisition Act decided by the Delhi High Court. Can you discuss the significance of this case and its impact on land acquisition laws?
Yes, that was a case under Section 24(2) of the New Land Act, 2013. Much water has flown since then and the recent Constitution Bench Judgment in Indore Development Authority vs. Manohar Lal & Ors. has brought about some changes in so far as the interpretation of Section 24(2) is concerned. But yes, the impact is that the acquisition under the current regime is much more difficult as it requires social impact assessment etc and even the compensation is much higher that what was provided under the 1894 Act, which was more exploitative in nature.
What were some of the most challenging and rewarding aspects of your tenure as Additional Standing Counsel for the Government of Delhi?
Challenging of course the entire work of a Govt. counsel is very challenging. I was handling quite a few matters every day, so waking up at 4 AM in the morning every day, going through the brief thoroughly because as Govt. counsel we mostly defend the interest of the public at large, secondly there’s always a sense of urgency in private clients regarding hearing of their matters, so it’s difficult to get an adjournment as a Govt. counsel.
Rewarding aspect, of course the grind that I went through has sharpened me to prepare more than 2 briefs for lengthy arguments in about an hour or so. Also I always measure success by the people that we win and my reward is the number of officers and various staff of Departments who are still in touch with me.
After serving as government counsel, what motivated you to return to private practice in 2021, and how has the transition been for you?
So honestly, as a Govt. counsel I was doing only one kind of matters. Since time was still on my side, I wanted to explore a little more and do more variety. As fate had it, I was also blessed with a daughter after I left the panel and I could effectively manage both sides i.e., taking care of my daughter and the independent matters.
Your first independent matter was a PIL for increasing compensation for rail accident victims. What challenges did you face, and what did you learn from this experience? Being your first case, what was your overall experience, and how did it shape your approach to future cases?
I have done two PILs, one for increasing compensation for rail accident victims and one for free sanitary pads and education on menstrual hygiene to Govt. School girls, both are very close to my heart. There were no challenges as such but PIL requires a lot of research, so doing all of it at a time when we did not have associates or interns to help with, one of the initial cases being a PIL would mean that we were paying even our office rent from our pocket but as it is said do good and good will come to you, I guess that is what happened with us. The 1996 Rules were amended, the compensation amount payable to rail accident victims was doubled.
So far as the overall experience is concerned, I think Delhi High Court has this very unique feature of being extremely welcoming towards younger counsels. The warmth, the seriousness with which the Judges take your arguments if you are well prepared, this really helps in boosting your morale. I remember once on the Original Side, we were young, the brief had just come a day before and we were not prepared, in fact we had just gone to seek an adjournment since certain documents were yet to come. So the Judge started recording whatever we would say in the Order sheet including that we are not prepared to argue and all I said was we are very young in the profession, Lordship may kindly remove the observations, just saying that was enough and the observations were removed. So we have the most compassionate and wonderful Judges here, it’s just about having the tact and being honest to yourself and to the Court.
Given your demanding career, how do you manage work-life balance, and what tips would you offer to other legal professionals?
Ok I get asked this question a lot and I will not lie here, I have the most wonderful husband who is also a lawyer. He encouraged me to give the Advocate on record exam after we were blessed with a daughter and I qualified it in the first attempt. I think if you are married, having a supportive life partner is a real plus.
Secondly, online hearing which is constantly being encouraged by the current CJI, is of great help to women mostly.
Tip: I can only say keep the mental state right, as long as you are mentally fine you will sail through one additional hobby, it can be sports, photography, music, movies anything at least once a week, because the profession is very demanding, you cannot limit it to 9-5. It affects you mentally even before you know, so maintain your sanity.
For young lawyers contemplating a specialization in their legal careers, what factors should they consider, and how did you decide on your focus areas? Please share some tips for them to excel in their field.
For younger lawyers, I think firstly please do not focus only on money. You have to know your work first, money will not be a problem thereafter.
Secondly, one should not just stick to one kind of practise initially, i.e., just criminal or only civil laws. There is a lot of scope and opportunities, give yourself some time. Try different areas before you finally know what you like.
My focus areas actually just happened to me by the kind of matters that came to me and I am still open to trying different areas. A lawyer never stops learning.
Lastly for the younger lawyers, just have faith in the process, go through the grind, you will get there gradually.
